利用AHP—FUZZY方法综合评判花生新品种初探

利用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ）确定花生品种各因素占的权重,用模糊多级评判（ＦＵＺＺＹ）对１９９７年河南省麦套花生区试结果进行综合分析,从而判断参试品种的优劣排序。     

应用高稳系数法分析花生新品种高产稳产性

用高稳系数法分析了1992～1994年度河南省麦套花生区试7个参试品种（系）的高产性与稳产性，并与常用的统计分析法计算的几种稳定性参数进行了比较和相关分析。结果表明高稳系数法是分析花生新品种（系）高产稳产性的准确、简便的方法。     

豫北地区麦套花生种植方式及栽培技术

豫北地区（包括河南省北部的新乡、焦作、安阳、濮阳、鹤壁5市）是河南省花生主产区之一，常年种植面积23．5万hm2，其中80％的面积是夏播麦垄套种。麦垄套种花生，可以提高复种指数，充分利用地力、光、热、水资源。随着生产条件的改善，80年代以来，豫北地区麦套花生面积迅猛发展，已成为该区花生发展的主体。因而总结夏播花生的套种方式及其栽培技术，对提高栽培水平、产量及效益具有重要意义。1套种方式1．1小麦大背垄套种花生用3km宽的两条腿楼播种小麦，实行二楼紧靠，搂与楼之间距离为1km，小麦成宽窄行种植，大行距3bern，小行距lbe…     

河南省麦套花生简化栽培技术规程

针对麦套花生套种难、施肥和栽培管理不规范等问题,根据多年麦套花生简化栽培技术研究成果,制订了<河南省麦套花生简化栽培技术规程>.在品种选用、花生简化播种、田间管理和小麦、花生统筹配方施肥等方面提出了规范化技术措施.     

河南花生高产研究

河南省是全国花生主产区，种植面积７０万公顷以上。进入８０年代，河南麦套花生发展迅速，至１９８９年其种植面积已占全省花生总面积的７６％。因此，在完成春播花生每公顷６０００－７５００ｋｇ高产研究的同时，对麦套花生每公顷４５００－５２５０ｋｇ高产群体结构，生育动态，长相指标及其栽培技术开展了研究。     

优质高产抗病花生新品系濮兴花1号的选育

花生是我国主要的油料作物和经济作物,又是我国加入WTO后为数不多的具有强劲国际竞争力的净出口创汇大宗农产品之一。河南省花生种植面积已达100万hm2,其面积、单产、总产、出口创汇额均居各油料作物（包括大豆）之首。近年来,河南省花生生产呈现出以下两个突出特点：（1）随着耕作制度的改革、种植业结构的调整、复种指数的提高,一年两熟制的麦套夏播花生发展迅速,     

麦套夏花生的生育特点分析

麦套夏花生的生育特点分析李向东（山东农业大学），万勇善，张高英…作物杂志．－１９９５，（２）．－３１麦套夏花生的生育特点为：生育进程快，全生育期比春花生少２５ｄ，花针期较春花生少６ｄ；营养体生长迅速，播后６０ｄ主茎高度基本长足，播后７８ｄ叶面积系数达...     

麦套、麦茬夏花生覆膜栽培对土壤肥力及花生产量的影响

麦套、麦茬夏花生覆膜栽培对土壤肥力及花生产量的影响／张宜茂（江苏省赣榆县农技推广中心），刘彩云，刘长远…／江苏农业科学．－１９９３，（５）．－３９～４１试验设：（１）麦套播覆膜；（２）麦套播露地（免耕平作）；（３）麦茬直播覆膜；（４）麦茬直播露地（耕...     

多效唑在麦套花生高产栽培上的应用

多效唑在麦套花生高产栽培上的应用陈士林（河南职技师院），赵开治，郭振荣…河南职技师院学报，－１９９５，２３（１）－１１～１５试验研究和大面积实践证明：麦套花生高产栽培中，叶面喷洒多效唑可以有效地抑制主茎和侧枝生长，防止倒伏，叶片增厚，叶色变深，促进荚...     

河南麦套花生增产技术研究与推广

河南省花生播种面积约６７万公顷，年产荚果１６０万吨。８０年代初期以来，麦套花生发展迅速，有力地推动了全省花生面积的扩大和产量的显著提高。为进一步提高麦套花生的产量，在品种和栽培技术方面开展了一系列研究。在过去１０年中，先后选育和推广了７个适应不同农业生态条件和市场要求的中、早熟花生品种，这些品种的生产潜力一般为每公顷６～８ｔ．根据各地的农业生产水平，经过广泛试验，制定了适宜的套种方式、播期、密度、施肥及田间管理技术。通过上述增产技术的推广和应用，显著地提高了河南的花生生产水平，并取得了巨大的社会经济效益。目前麦套花生生产中普遍存在的问题有套种困难、播种质量差和机械化程度低，有待进一步研究解决。     

Evaluation of CIMMYT conventional and synthetic spring wheat germplasm in rainfed sub-tropical environments. II. Grain yield components and physiological traits

CIMMYT hexaploid spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm has played a global role in assisting wheat improvement. This study evaluated four classes of CIMMYT germplasm (encompassing a total of 273 lines), along with 15 Australian cultivars (Oz lines) for grain yield, yield components and physiological traits in up to 27 environments in Australia's north-eastern region, where terminal drought frequently reduces grain yield and grain size.Broadly-adapted CIMMYT germplasm selected for grain yield had greater yield potential and improved performance under drought stress, being up to 5% greater yielding in High-yielding (mean yield 429 g m⁻²) and 4-10% greater yielding than adapted Oz lines in Low-yielding environments (mean yield 185 g m⁻²). Whilst maintaining statistically similar harvest index and spikes m⁻² compared to broadly-adapted Oz lines across all environments, sets of selected CIMMYT lines had greater canopy temperature depression (0.18-0.27 °C), dry weight stem⁻¹ (0.20-0.37 g), increased grains spike⁻¹ (0.8-3.4 grains), grain number m⁻² (ca. 20-800 grains), and maturity biomass (56-83 g m⁻²). Compared to selected Oz lines, broadly-adapted CIMMYT lines had a smaller reduction in Low compared to High-yielding environments for these traits, especially dry weight stem⁻¹, such that CIMMYT lines had ca. 25% and 10% greater dry weight stem⁻¹ than the Oz lines in Low- and High-yielding environment groups, respectively. Broadly-adapted CIMMYT germplasm also had slightly higher stem water soluble carbohydrate concentration at anthesis (ca. 6 mg g⁻¹), which contributed to their higher grain weight (ca. 0.5 mg grain⁻¹), and maintained an agronomically appropriate time to anthesis and plant height. Thus current CIMMYT germplasm should be useful donor sources of traits to enrich breeding programs targeting variable production environments where there is a high probability of water deficit during grain filling. However, as multiple traits were important, efficient introgression of these traits in breeding programs will be complex.     

优质杂交稻绿香313在福建西北山区作烟后稻高产栽培技术

绿香313系四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所与四川省绿丹种业有限责任公司合作选育而成的中籼三系杂交稻新品种,2008年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。表现群体整齐,株型适中,穗大粒多,丰产性好,米质优。主要介绍了绿香313在闽西北山区作烟后稻的高产栽培技术。     

黑色马铃薯高产栽培技术研究

试验以黑色马铃薯品种黑美人为材料,研究了不同密度、覆盖方式、基肥及追肥条件下黑色马铃薯高产栽培技术。结果表明:黑美人品种的种植密度每667 m2控制在3 500株左右比较适宜;采用地膜覆盖可使齐苗期和成熟期相对提早,比对照分别提早7 d和8 d,鲜薯产量每667 m2比覆土露天栽培增产143.8 kg,增幅9.5%;基肥每667 m2施用人畜粪肥3 000 kg+草木灰100 kg,追施钾肥以现蕾初期追加增产效果最佳。     

The contribution of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) breeding to whole pasture productivity under dairy cattle grazing in New Zealand. 1. Variation in yield,nutritive value and persistence-related traits

Perennial ryegrass (PRG, Lolium perenne L.) breeding effort in New Zealand (NZ) has increased since c. 1990, resulting in greater functional trait diversity (e.g. heading date, ploidy, and associated Epichloë endophyte strain) in commercial products. This study quantified the variation, associations and interactions in dry matter (DM) yield, nutritive value and persistence-related traits among commercial cultivar-endophyte combinations released between 1973 and 2012, as a basis for assessing gains in value being delivered to the pasture-based livestock industries. Twenty-four or 28 combinations were compared over 3 years in two trials in each of two regions: Waikato in northern NZ (dryland), and Canterbury in central eastern South Island (irrigated). Cultivar-endophyte combinations were sown in mixtures with white clover, and pastures were intensively grazed 8–11 times per year by dairy cows. Principal Component Analysis identified 4 distinct clusters for the DM yield variables and for metabolisable energy (ME) content in each of the four trials. A broadly-adapted group of three late-season flowering, AR37-infected diploids with NZ and Spanish breeding backgrounds dominated the highest-yielding clusters. Tetraploids dominated the high ME content clusters. Interactions with region were observed throughout the data set: the strongest of these was driven by endophyte strain effects in Waikato. High-yielding cultivar-endophyte combinations in these trials were also generally high-yielding in the standard cultivar merit testing system operated in New Zealand, as interpreted via the DairyNZ Forage Value Index. However, alignment was poorer for medium- and lower-yielding cultivar-endophyte combinations. Several implications for forage evaluation methods and end-user industries are identified.     

烟—稻—菇高产栽培轮作技术

烟—稻—菇高产栽培轮作技术是清流县近年来推广的两高一优种植模式。从清流县生产实践的角度,就烟叶、优质稻、大球盖菇的高产栽培轮作技术作简要介绍。     

杂交稻新品种泸优637高产制种技术

介绍了杂交稻新品种泸优637高产制种技术：制种基地选择与隔离，合理安排父母本播种差期，构建父母本高产群体，采取综合措施提高异交结实率，严格去杂去劣，做好病虫防治，确保种子质量。     

界首市马铃薯立地条件与高产优质栽培技术

界首是我国中原地区最大的马铃薯生产基地,马铃薯产业作为特色农业在界首农业生产中占着重要地位。马铃薯对土壤的适应范围较广,根据土壤分类标准和方法,界首市耕作土壤共分为3个土类、4个亚类、8个土属、16个土种,全市土壤pH变化范围为5.60～8.39。针对界首当地土壤类型及气候条件、种植制度、耕作习惯,提出界首市马铃薯高产优质栽培技术。     

岳优9113作烟后稻机械插秧高产栽培技术

机械插秧具有效率高、降低生产成本、减轻劳动强度,便于合理密植、提高基本苗,适合带土、带药、带肥移栽,促使禾苗早生快发,促进水稻增产增收等优点,近年来得到迅速推广。试验以岳优9113为例,从播种育秧—机械插秧—田间管理各环节,阐述烟后稻机插高产栽培技术。     

大豆不同杂交组合农艺和品质性状的遗传分析

为正确选配亲本及提高育种效果,采用6×5 NCⅡ遗传交配设计,对11个大豆品种的11个性状的遗传力和配合力效应进行了分析.结果表明:蛋白质、百粒重、节数的狭义遗传力较高,早代选择效果较好,茎粗和虫食粒率的狭义遗传力较低,适合在中高代进行选择.大豆各性状的加性遗传效应是主要的.吉林38和通农13单株粒重的一般配合力较高,是高产育种的理想亲本,意3蛋白质的一般配合力较高,是提高蛋白质含量的理想亲本.吉林35×PEMVy、通农13×SAPPRO、2002系选×EXP和吉林38×意3组合的特殊配合力较高,可作为高产潜力组合进一步在后代中重点选择.     

稳步推进“种三产四”丰产工程促进粮食持续稳定增长

超级杂交稻“种兰产四”丰产工程已在湖南实施5a(2007-2011),示范县(市、区)从20个扩大到47个,累计示范推广面积达83.78万hm2,增产稻谷16.54亿kg.总结了“种三产四”丰产工程实施的种植模式、示范组合、主推技术及保障措施,提出了存在的主要问题和对策,并展望了未来的发展计划和前景.