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转座子在植物功能基因组学中的应用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
转座子已经被广泛用于内源或异源植物插入突变的研究,用于基因的分离和克隆。随着不同植物基因组研究进程加快,需要通过反向遗传学来研究已知序列基因的功能,大规模的转座子突变已成为功能基因组学研究的一种很重要手段。本文综述了一些广泛应用的转座子以及这些转座子如何成功应用于异源植物的插入突变,作为反向遗传学的工具在研究功能基因组学中应用。 相似文献
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通过对玉米C型胞质雄性不育的两个恢复系Cms-El 87-1(Rf4Rf4),Cms-C 6233(Rf5Rf5)与3个转座子材料杂交的F1群体进行田间鉴定,在74 549株的F1群体中找到表型明显的插入突变体329个,涉及到的性状有玉米C型胞质雄性不育的育性恢复、穗分化、穗部性状、子粒性状以及植株矮化、叶片宽窄、叶皱等农艺性状的突变体,这些突变体的获得为玉米重要农艺性状候选基因的克隆提供了基础材料. 相似文献
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本文系统介绍了目前中转座子的种类,结构特征和在基因转化,基因克隆等方面的应用新进展,同时也详细介绍了类copia逆转座子在水稻上的应用研究。 相似文献
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蛋白质组学是系统研究有机体内蛋白质组成及其活动规律的科学。为给同类研究提供参考,笔者简要综述蛋白质组学的基本概念、核心技术特点以及这些技术在玉米遗传研究中的应用,并对目前蛋白组学研究存在的问题和发展前景进行了探讨。 相似文献
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转座子因其插入突变的特征可用于基因的分离和克隆,转座子标签法克隆基因是近年来发展起来的一种分子生物学技术。主要介绍了转座子家族的概念,植物内源转座子标签和异源转座子标签的研究,转座子陷阱技术以及在植物基因组学研究中的应用。 相似文献
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《新疆农业科学》2017,(7)
【目的】玉米ZmCIPK23基因的候选突变体连续与玉米自交系B73回交并自交,最终得到以B73为背景的纯合突变体,为研究该基因的功能奠定材料基础。【方法】从玉米Mutator(Mu)突变体库中定向筛选到玉米ZmCIPK23基因的候选突变体。在田间种植候选突变体,利用巢式PCR对这些后代植株进行鉴定,选择阳性植株与B73杂交。通过连续的回交及自交,最终获得该基因的纯合突变体。【结果】通过PCR鉴定,获得了以B73为背景的ZmCIPK23基因纯合的突变体zmcipk23。【结论】获得了玉米Zm CIPK23基因的Mu插入的纯合突变体zmcipk23,为研究该基因的功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Yijun Wang Mingliang Xu Dexiang Deng Yunlong Bian 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2008,2(4):396-403
Transposable elements are widely distributed in eukaryotes. Due to its high copy numbers, high forward mutation rate and preferential
insertion into low-copy DNA sequences, among others, the Mutator system has been widely used as a mutagen in genomic research. The discovery, classification, transposition specificity and
epigenetic regulation of Mutator transposons were described. The application of Mutator tagging in plant genomic research was also presented. The role of Mu-like elements in genome evolution was briefly depicted. Moreover, the direction of Mutator transposon research in the future was discussed.
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Translated from Journal of Maize Sciences, 2007, 15(6): 5–9 [译自: 玉米科学] 相似文献
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Mutants on stalk strength are essential materials for the studies on the formation of plant cell wall.In this study,a brittle stalk mutant of maize,designated as Bk-x,was screened from a Mutator inserted mutant library.At the germination and early seedling stage,the mutant plants were indistinguishable from the normal ones.However,all of the plant organs were brittle after the 5th-leaf stage and remained brittle throughout the rest of the growing period.Microstructure observation showed that the cell wall in vascular bundle sheath of Bk-x was thinner than that in normal plants.The leaf mechanical strength in Bk-x was 77.9% of that in normal plants growing at Xishuangbanna(BN),Yunnan province and that was 61.7% in Wuhan(WH),Hubei Province,China.The proportion of cellulose was 12.3% in Bk-x,which was significantly lower than that in normal plants(26.7%),while the soluble sugar content was 36.1% in Bk-x,which is significantly higher than that in normal plants(12.4%).Genetic analysis using two F 2 populations and one F 2:3 families demonstrated that the trait of brittle stalk is controlled by a single recessive gene. 相似文献
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The waxy (wx) locus of Zea mays L. encodes a granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS I = waxy protein) required for the synthesis of amylose in endosperm and pollen grain. This review covers recent advances in understanding the waxy locus in maize, focusing particularly on the new information on mutant type and mutation mechanisms. The results showed that the insertion and deletion played an important role in the generation of spontaneous wx-mutations. The current status of utilizing waxy locus has been summarized and the perspectives of the further studies on this locus have also been proposed. 相似文献
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【目的】利用Mutator(Mu)诱变群体获得、验证叶色白化突变体的Mu因子插入位点;解析玉米叶色变异相关基因及其代谢网络。【方法】以含有活性MuDR转座子的W22∷Mu为父本,与玉米自交系综31(Z31)杂交产生的M2和M3家系群体为材料,经表型性状的遗传分析和Mu插入位点的分离获得白化突变体,经生物信息学方法解析白化突变体产生的相关基因,同时构建产生白化突变代谢网络。【结果】对870个M2家系的16000余单株和M3种植的36个家系近700单株进行考察,获得了遗传稳定的白化突变体41株。经Mu-TAIL-PCR分析获得35条Mu因子插入序列;对靶位点序列分析,获得的14个靶位点可能与叶绿素合成及光合作用有关;利用其中6个靶位点构建了5条玉米叶色突变产生白化的叶绿素代谢网络途径。【结论】初步证实了Mu转座子插入的27个靶位点与叶色白化突变体的关联;建立了6个靶位点的玉米叶色突变产生白化的叶绿素代谢网络途径。 相似文献
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玉米地化学除草试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用芽前处理药剂和苗后茎叶处理药剂对玉米地杂草防除试验。96%金都尔EC、50%乙草胺EC、50%丁草胺EC播后苗前土壤处理防除玉米地禾本科杂草防效较好,对阔叶杂草防效较差,田间用药量以72 g(a.i.)/667m2、50 g(a.i.)/667m27、0 g(a.i.)/667m2为佳。25%宝成DF、4%玉农乐RS茎叶喷雾能有效防除玉米地禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草,田间用药量以1.125 g(a.i.)/667m22、.6 g(a.i.)/667m2为佳。 相似文献
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转基因玉米研究现状及其产业化发展对策 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
转基因玉米的研究及其产业化,必将极大地推进玉米生产的发展。作分析了转基因玉米产业化的现状和发展趋势,提出了发展中国转基因玉米产业化的对策和建议。 相似文献