克草胺防治稻田稗草试验研究

2002年～2003年进行了克草胺防治稻田稗草的效果及对水稻安全性田间小区试验，结果表明，47％克草胺EC可有效地防除移栽稻田稗草，对水稻较为安全。适宜的施药剂量为75～100ml/667m^2。施药适期为水稻移栽后5～7d稗草1．5叶期。如需防除阔叶杂草，克草胺可与农得时等阔叶除草剂混用。     

克草胺防治稻田稗草试验研究

2002年～2003年进行了克草胺防治稻田稗草的效果及对水稻安全性田间小区试验,结果表明,47%克草胺EC可有效地防除移栽稻田稗草,对水稻较为安全。适宜的施药剂量为75～100m l/667m 2。施药适期为水稻移栽后5～7d稗草1.5叶期。如需防除阔叶杂草,克草胺可与农得时等阔叶除草剂混用。     

丁草胺诱导稻田休眠稗草种子萌发的作用

稗草(Echinochloa crusgalli L.Beauv.)种子大都具有2个月以上休眠期,水田土壤中有的稗草种子休眠期长达8年。稻田0～20cm土层中含休眠稗草种子约1.73×10~7粒/hm~2。为了降低和消除稻田休眠稗草种子数量,我们开展了稻田稗草化学诱防研究,取得初步结果。1.将刚采集的休眠稗草种子切口催芽,稗草种子发芽率达65%～85%,和前1～2年已过休眠的稗草种子发芽率相同。表明稗草种子休眠类型之一为强迫型休眠,即稗草籽实皮坚硬透水性差,胚得不到充足水分而休眠。用1mg/kg脱落酸水溶液处理,已过休眠的稗草种子发芽率下降到3%,而蒸馏水对照高达80%,暗示脱落酸可能是导致稗草种子休眠的一种化学物质,这种休眠可暂称作化学休眠。     

水田稗草发生规律及对水稻产量的影响研究

用小区试验的方法，研究稗草发生规律及不同时期除草对水稻产量的影响，结果表明，耙地越早，稗草高峰期出现越早，稗草发生数量越多：耙地越晚，稗草高峰期出现也推迟，稗草发生数量减少。除草时间推迟，稗草数量增加、长势旺，对水稻产量影响加重。     

8种稗草（Echinochloa）对扫茀荛特耐药性的比较

2001年10月采集南京地区8种稗草(Echlnochloa)种子，分别用0、0．01、0．10、1、00、10．00mg／L扫茀特浸稗草种子，萌发后测定其形态、结构及α-淀粉酶活性。结果表明，无芒稗的株高、叶片及叶鞘细胞的长度、α-淀粉酶活性受扫茀特抑制的程度最低，旱稗、稗、西来稗次之，光头稗最高。说明不同稗草的种及变种间存在耐药性的差异，其中无芒稗的耐药性最强，光头稗最弱。     

寒地水稻移栽田防治稗草分期施药技术研究

针对常规寒地水稻移栽田前期除稗剂多采用一次性施药,药效和安全性差的问题,通过对寒地水稻移栽田稗草的防治采取插前5～7 d、插后15～20 d分期施药试验研究,结果表明：分期施药对稗草防治效果好,提高了对水稻的安全性。     

草克星防除稻田杂草研究

草克星(NC-311)是日本日产株式会社新开发的磺酰脲类除草剂,具有用量低,杀草谱广,高效和安全的特点。为了评价草克星对稻田杂草的防除效果和对水稻的安全性,我们于1990年进行了田间小区试验和植物生长箱模拟试验。材料和方法植物生长箱模拟试验在中国水稻研究所进行。设备为LH-200-RD植物生长箱,温度25℃,光照强度为2800 lux,光照时间10 h/d。盆栽用13×13×8 cm塑料方盆,重复3次。     

水田稗草发生规律及对水稻产量的影响研究

用小区试验的方法,研究稗草发生规律及不同时期除草对水稻产量的影响,结果表明,耙地越早,稗草高峰期出现越早,稗草发生数量越多;耙地越晚,稗草高峰期出现也推迟,稗草发生数量减少。除草时间推迟,稗草数量增加、长势旺,对水稻产量影响加重。     

水田和旱田种植铁丰24号大豆种粒褐斑粒率表现的比较

铁丰２４号大豆两年在水田埂种植比旱田褐斑粒率平均降低３２．３５％，相对减少８７．７９％。并且，在在水田埂种植，不同播期褐斑粒率呈规律性变化。播期间Ｆ值（９．４０４）达到显著水准（Ｆ０．０５值＝６．３９），早播褐斑率高，相关２０匡以上褐斑粒率即可达到差异显著程度。如第３播期与第５、第４、第１播期间差异达到显著。进一步分析水田埂种植铁丰２４号大豆褐斑粒率变化的原因，论文民鼓粒期的气温、光照、降雨有关。     

豆田蚜虫防治指标的研究

本文通过1988—1990三年研究,测定了大豆花荚期豆田蚜量与大豆产量的关系,并依据这种关系及目前大豆商品生产状况提出了新的豆田蚜虫防治指标。     

A STUDY IN METHODS OF GRASS VARIETY TESTING

Methods for the appraisal of varieties in forage grasses are examined in the light of results from an experiment. Five varieties of perennial ryegrass were grown as spaced plants, broadcast swards and swards with white clover, and all were subjected to five cutting treatments during the first and second harvest year.
Spaced plants and swards gave equally good information on the order in which varieties attained maximum rate of growth in spring each year; but in respect of actual yield, the order in which varieties were placed in spaced-plant culture was reversed in broadcast swards. It is suggested that the disparity may have arisen because all varieties were sown at a common seed rate; and that spaced-plant cultures give a better indication of relative potentialities than do the majority of sward trials.
Late-maturing varieties compared better with early varieties when each variety was cut with reference to date of ear emergence than when all varieties were cut simultaneously (that is, in respect of dry matter production: at a given stage of development the early varieties had a slightly higher nitrogen content than the late). The shortcomings of both systems of cutting, and the need for comprehensive tests, are discussed.
There was little interaction between method of culture and cutting treatment in this experiment.     

赣豆4号水旱轮作高产栽培技术研究

研究了不同N、P、K及密度配合，以及化控措施对赣豆4号产量和经济性状的影响。结果表明：处理6（A2B3C1D2)、8（A3B2C1D3）、4（A2B1C2D3）产量最高，分别为2835.84kg/hm^2、2818.08kg/hm^2和2816.28kg/hm^2。密度和K肥对产量影响达极显著水平，N肥影响达显著水平，而P对产量的作用不大。K能促进产量构成因子的形成，提高单株生产力。随着密度增大、N肥用量的增加，株高增加，分枝减少，单株荚数、粒数、单株生产力降低，百粒重减轻。P对促进分枝、提高单株荚数有一定的作用。多效唑、叶面喷肥、钼酸铵拌种、根瘤菌拌种分别比常规种植增产14.39%-5.16%。高产试验平均产量达2673.6-2814.3kg/hm^2，最高产量达3429kg/hm^2，高产示范平均产量2496.5kg/hm^2。     

低湿地台田大豆机械化耕种技术研究

台田是低湿地抗涝的有效措施,本文报导了低湿地弃耕条件下台田大豆机械化的耕种技术,其中包括深松筑台,旋耕播种等技术环节和相应地配套机具。为低湿地开发和改变大豆低产面貌找到了有效途径。     

夏玉米田作物蒸腾与棵间土壤蒸发模拟计算方法研究

本文依据能量平衡原理和质量守恒定律，提出了作物蒸腾与棵间土壤蒸发的估算模式，并对参数的估算做了详细的分析和讨论。最后利用试验区实测资料，通过田间水热耦合运移的数值模拟，对夏玉米田作物蒸腾棵间土壤蒸发模型及其模拟计算方法进行了验证，结果表明，本文提出的模型和模拟计算方法是有效而实用的。     

A STUDY OF THE POSSIBLE ROLE OF CHELATION IN THE OCCURRENCE OF HYPOMAGNESAEMIA IN SHEEP

Wethers fitted with permanent rumen cannulae were used in a study of the effect of various doses of ammonium salts and E. D.T. A. (ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid, disodium salt) on the pH of rumen digesta and the levels of serum calcium and magnesium. Doses of up to 200 g ammonium acetate had little effect on the pH of rumen contents or on serum Mg levels, but appeared to produce a fall in serum Ca. Ammonium carbonate, however, when given alone or with E. D.T. A., caused a marked increase in the pH of rumen fluid and a temporary fall in the serum Ca level. When given singly, neither ammonium carbonate nor E. D.T. A. significantly affected the levels of serum Mg which were, however, reduced when these compounds were given together, possibly because the increased pH of rumen contents produced by the ammonium carbonate was conducive to chelation of Mg by the E. D.T. A. High levels of ammonia may occur in rumen liquor after the ingestion of young nitrogen-rich herbage, and it is suggested that chelation of dietary Mg by such compounds as amino acids and peptides, which abound in young herbage, may be a factor concerned in the low 'availability' of this form of Mg.     

田间条件下大豆气孔特性的初步研究

对12个中国和日本大豆品种在田间两种种植密度下结荚期气孔特性研究表明:气孔密度(SD)、气孔长度(SL)和单位叶面积的气孔总长度(SD×SL)在主茎叶位间、叶片正背面间有显著差异。种植密度间SD和SD×SL差异显著,但SL无差异。品种间SL和SD×SL差异显著,但SD的品种间差异受密度影响。SD与SL显著负相关,与SD×SL显著正相关。光合速率在叶位间和品种×叶位间与SD和SD×SL显著正相关,与SL显著负相关。     

泰宁县稻田不同类型耕作制度效益的调查与思考

农业走向市场以后，给农业注入了新的尖力，同时也反映出农业宏观调控与微观搞活面临诸多复杂问题。本文就泰宁县现有稻田各种类型耕作制度的自然资源和社会经济效益进行调查分析研究。