A系较B系早始穗的野败型不育系095A育成

目前生产上应用的野败型三系不育系均具有保持系 (B)较不育系 (A)早始穗的特性 ,随种植季节的不同 ,保持系一般较不育系早 1～ 3d始穗。迄今 ,尚未见有A系较B系早始穗的报道。最近 ,我们转育定型的野败型不育系 0 95A则具有此特性。在同期播种、同期移栽的情况下 ,海南春季、嘉兴早季及翻秋三季 ,0 95A分别较 0 95B早始穗 4,3 ,5d。而对照珍汕 97B较珍汕 97A分别早始穗 2 ,3 ,3d。由于在不同的季节A系较B系早始穗的趋势一致 ,因此推断 0 95A表现的该特性应为遗传决定 ,而非环境条件影响所致。对A系较B系早始穗的现象在生产应用上的积…     

优质抗稻瘟病水稻三系不育系M20A的选育

以改良优质三系不育系金山A-1的稻瘟病抗性和配合力作为育种目标,利用携有抗稻瘟病基因Pi-9的金23B抗病近等基因系(04AMA-88)与携有抗白叶枯病基因Xa21的金山B-1抗病近等基因系(04AMA-49)杂交,经分子标记辅助选择,在杂交F4代中选择携带Pi-9的优良单株与金23A测交并转育不育系,育成抗稻瘟病、米质优、配合力好、异交率高的新不育系M20A。该不育系及其配制的杂交早稻新组合M优2155(M20A/明恢2155)于2014年5月通过福建省品种审定委员会审定。     

利用分子标记辅助选择技术改良三系不育系荃9311A稻瘟病抗性的研究

为了提高三系不育系荃9311A的稻瘟病抗性,以含广谱稻瘟病抗性基因Pigm的水稻品种9311为供体,保持系荃9311B为受体和轮回亲本,通过分子标记辅助选择技术筛选抗性基因、剔除恢复基因和遗传背景筛选,在稻瘟病病区进行抗性鉴定,人工接种鉴定以及田间农艺性状考查,于BC2F2代获得有Pigm基因并剔除了恢复基因的改良株系,其后再与荃9311A杂交和连续回交,育成了农艺性状与荃9311A无显著差异而稻瘟病抗性明显增强的三系不育系K9311A及其保持系K9311B。     

甘蓝型油菜胞质雄性不育系212A的选育与研究

在Ledos字兴?号后代材料中发现5株雄性不育株,经与中双2号自交系212B保持,育成了细胞质雄性不育系212A和保持系212B.通过人工套袋自交、剥蕾授粉自交及镜检观察,认为不育系212A属稳定型细胞质雄性不育系,产生的原因可能与低温时期的死蕾现象有关.恢保关系的研究表明,212A胞质雄性不育系与pol CMS、陕2A CMS恢保关系相同.遗传研究表明,测交F2育性为可育与不育3∶1分离;用恢复系回交(BC1)后代全可育,无育性分离;用保持系回交,后代育性为可育与不育1∶1分离.初步认为控制不育系的基因为S(rr),保持系基因为N(rr),恢复系基因为N(RR)或S(RR),属1对核基因控制的细胞质雄性不育系.     

水稻籼型三系不育系秋实A的选育

秋实A系湖南怀化职业技术学院以自选保持系改造中间材料(金23B/岳4B)为母本,安丰B为父本进行杂交改造,再与金23A测交并连续回交转育而成的水稻籼型三系不育系。介绍了其选育过程、主要特征特性及初步配组利用和繁殖技术要点。     

安丰A等五个不育系的选育与利用初报

安丰A、全丰A、长丰A、乐丰A、富丰A五个不育系是福建省农科院稻麦研究所选育的野败籼型三系不育系,于2004年9月通过省级技术成果鉴定.这些不育系表现育性稳定、异交率高、抗或中抗稻瘟病、稻米品质有很大改进,配合力显著提高.经鉴定委员会专家评定,这五项技术成果均达到国内外先进水平,其中,安丰A和长丰A的优质和抗稻瘟病的成功结合达到国内外领先水平.     

早熟抗稻瘟病三系不育系吉丰A的选育与应用

吉丰A是利用分子标记辅助选择技术将广谱抗瘟基因Pi-1导入荣丰B,然后再与荣丰A连续回交转育而成的三系不育系,2011年6月通过广东省种子管理总站组织的技术鉴定。吉丰A表现株型集散适中,不育性稳定,配合力强,高抗稻瘟病,柱头外露率高,异交结实率高,对"九二○"敏感,易于繁殖制种。利用该不育系已经组配出吉丰优512、吉丰优1002、吉丰优1008和吉丰优3550等多个组合于2013年通过广东省品种审定。     

优质籼型水稻三系不育系秀A的选育

秀A是广西农科院水稻研究所以元丰B/百B的杂交F4代优良单株为父本,与元丰A测交、回交转育而成的籼型三系不育系。该不育系具有农艺性状优良、花粉败育彻底、育性稳定、异交习性好、配合力强、易繁殖制种和米质优等特点。2014年10月,秀A通过了广西区品种审定委员会田间技术鉴定,所配组合秀优395于2015年通过广西区品种审定。     

籼型三系不育系洪A的选育

江西农业大学与萍乡市农业科学研究所合作,用新露B与珍汕97B杂交,F1代再与176B复交,复交F5代选优良株系作父本与新露A测交,并经多代择优回交转育育成籼型三系不育系洪A。该不育系具有穗大粒多、花粉败育彻底、配合力好等特点,适宜用于配制高产杂交晚稻组合。2017年2月,洪A通过了江西省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

抗稻瘟病三系不育系安丰A的选育及应用

安丰A是通过分子标记辅助选择技术将广谱抗瘟基因Pi-1和Pi-2导入荣丰B,再与荣丰A测交和连续回交转育而成的三系不育系,2011年6月通过广东省种子管理总站组织的技术鉴定。安丰A表现株型适中,不育性稳定,配合力强,高抗稻瘟病,柱头外露率高,异交结实率高,对"九二○"较敏感,易于繁殖制种。利用该不育系已经组配出安丰优5618、安丰优3301、安丰优3618、安丰优3698和安丰优806等多个杂交稻组合先后于2013年和2014年通过广东省品种审定。     

SILAGE AND MILK PRODUCTION. A COMPARISON BETWEEN A DIPLOID AND A TETRAPLOID RYEGRASS

Two grass silages made in May and two made in August were compared in a 16-week winter-feediag experiment with 12 Ayrshire cows. The silages were fed ad lib. with a supplement of barley and groundnut cake. One of the silages made ia May and one made in August consisted of S24, a diploid variety of perennial ryegrass, and the other two of Reveille, a tetraploid variety of the same species. The silages made from Reveille had a higher content of lactic acid and a lower pH than those made from S24. The contents of digestihie organic matter in the silage DM made in May and August were 71.9 and 63.2%, respectively, for RevelUe and 68.7 and 60.9% for S24. Silage and total DM intakes were higher in the treatments where Reveille silages rather than S24 silages were fed. The mean daily milk yields from cows fed on the silages made in May and August were 39.6 and 34.5 lb (18.0 and 15.7 kg), respectively, for Reveille, and 38.0 and 34.1 lb (17.3 and 15.5 kg) for S24. The solids-not-fat (S.N.F.) and the crude protein contents of the milk averaged 8.64 and 3.29%, respectively, for Reveille, and 8.56 and 3.22% for S24. It is concluded (hat the silages made from Reveille were superior to those made from S24 as a feed for dairy cows.     

A LINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL OF A HIGH-TEMPERATURE GRASS-DRYING ENTERPRISE

A linear programming model of a high-temperature grass-drying enterprise is described. From information about seasonal crop response, area of crop available and management constraints, the model determines the harvesting schedules which give greatest returns, less costs, from the enterprise over the season. This information can be used to examine the effects of long-term strategic decisions or to evaluate economically data on new crops from field experiments. For example, assuming a fixed cost of λ70,000/year for a high-temperature grass-drying installation and what is considered to be reliable input data for 1972, the returns less costs for optimum harvest schedules from different areas or crop varieties are:

Development of A dormancy release technology: A review

Tuber dormancy can be released immediately in many commercially important potato cultivars by brief treatment (1-2 days) with bromoethane (BE) vapor at room temperature. The development of a large scale technology for BE application and safe removal through a capturing technique is necessary for successful application of this dormancy release method. Ideally, BE treatment of seed tubers would occur in a closed environment that would capture BE vapor in an unaltered form and allow controlled release for treatment of subsequent tuber lots. Results of screening studies for adsorbents indicate that the medium capacity activated carbon adsorbent, YAO has: i) a high capacity for BE; ii) a low capacity for water; and, iii) adsorbs and de-adsorbs BE quickly and easily. A plausible design of a large scale, dormancy release facility is presented. The proposed facility should meet present goals of the seed potato industry in an environmentally responsible manner.     

A MANAGEMENT STUDY OF A BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL STRAIN TRIAL

A study of birdsfoot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus L.) variety trial management was conducted with three variables, variety, stubble height and harvest date. The range in maturity for the three varieties used was 12-14 days. All plots were harvested thrice per season. The harvest dates for the two management regimes imposed differed by about two weeks for the first cut, by about one week for the second and were identical for the third cut. Stubble heights were two and six inches (5.08 and 15.24 cm).
Late-cut material outyielded that cut early, but suffered more winter damage. Material cut at a stubble height of two inches (5.08 cm) outyielded that cut at six inches (15.24 cm), but it also suffered more winter-killing. The ranking of varieties varied with management.
Alternative management schemes, designed to provide maximum yields and survival consistent with good-quality forage, are proposed and discussed.     

A COMPARISON BETWEEN A PADDOCK SYSTEM AND A 'WYE COLLEGE' SYSTEM OF GRAZING FOR MILK PRODUCTION

Two grazing systems, a paddock system and a ‘Wye College’ system, were compared in two 20-week experiments nsing 16 and 20 spring-calved Ayrshire cows in 1970 and 1971, respectively. A sward of S23 perennial ryegrass was used, and an average of 342 kg N/ha (305 lb N/ ac) was applied per annum. The paddock system had 28 separate paddocks; one paddock was grazed each day in rotation and occasionally topped in mid-season. The Wye College system had 4 plots of equal size and the cows were offered 1/7 of one plot each day; no back fence was used and surplus herbage was neither cut nor topped. The stocking rate on hoth systems was 1 cow per 0.20 ha (0.49 ac) in 1970 and per 0.16 ha (0.40 ac) in 1971. The mean daily milk yields per cow on the paddock and the Wye College systems were 16.2 and 15.3 kg (35.7 and 33.7 lb), respectively, in 1970; and 18.1 and 18.4 kg (39.9 and 40.6 lb) in 1971. The average annual output of milk was 13,500 and 13,150 kg/ha (1200 and 1170 gal/ac) on the paddock and Wye College systems, respectively. The fat and solids-not-fat (S.N.F.) contents of the milk were not significantly affected by the grazing system. It is concluded that the Wye College system was as effective as the paddock system in producing a high output of mUk per ha, but at a lower cost and with far fewer management decisions.     

广东育成无垩白软型优质籼稻不育系粤丰A

粤丰Ａ是由广东省农科院水稻研究所于1998年育成的国内第一个无垩白、低直链淀粉含量(14.3%)、软胶稠度(92ｍｍ)、低糊化温度(碱消值7.0)和香味浓的特优籼型三系不育系。该不育系千株群体不育株率为100%,花粉不育度为99.99%,柱头外露率达88.1%,稻瘟病全群抗性比达中抗水平。2000年10月在广州通过了由来自扬州大学、国家水稻改良中心、国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心等单位著名专家的技术鉴定。专家组一致认为该不育系综合性状优良、不育性稳定、配合力强、异交结实率高、品质改良有重大突破,研究成果达国内外领先水平;其投入生产应用对推动我…     

A Rice Reference

Rice quality:A guide to rice properties and analysis reviews variability in rice characteristics and their effects on rice quality in great detail.After an introduction on rice quality that also explores paradoxes associated with the crop,the book goes on to examine rice physical properties and milling quality.This leads to a discussion of the effects that the degree of milling has on rice quality.The ageing of rice and its cooking and eating quality are comprehensively investigated in the following chap...