Genetic Diversity in Main Cultivars of Safflower in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Based on RAPD Analysis

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in main cultivars of safflower distributing in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region by means of RAPD makers.[Method] Genomic DNAs of 29 safflower accessions from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region were extracted for PCR amplification using 20 RAPD primers.[Result] Totally 156 bands were amplified,among which 144 bands were polymorphic(accounting for 92.31%),indicating that safflower is endowed with plentiful genetic diversity.Based on the DNA fingerprint,the 29 safflower accessions were grouped into four populations,the classification results may be not related with ecological regionality.[Conclusion] RAPD technique is an available tool to analyze the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm at molecular level.     

新疆红花主要栽培品种遗传多样性的RAPD分析(英文)

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in main cultivars of safflower distributing in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region by means of RAPD makers.[Method] Genomic DNAs of 29 safflower accessions from Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region were extracted for PCR amplification using 20 RAPD primers.[Result] Totally 156 bands were amplified,among which 144 bands were polymorphic(accounting for 92.31%),indicating that safflower is endowed with plentiful genetic diversity.Based on the DNA fingerprint,the 29 safflower accessions were grouped into four populations,the classification results may be not related with ecological regionality.[Conclusion] RAPD technique is an available tool to analyze the genetic diversity of safflower germplasm at molecular level.     

Genetic Diversity in Wild Populations of Poacynum hendersonii from Inland Arid Regions of Northwest China

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in wild populations of Poacynum hendersonii.[Method] Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was employed to analyze the genetic diversity in five wild populations of P.hendersonii sampled from Xinjiang,Gansu and Qinghai provinces.[Result] Totally 165 clear and repeatable bands were generated in RAPD reaction by using 20 primers screened from 80 primers,of which 110 were polymorphic,accounting for 66.67%.At species level,Nei's gene diversity index(H),Shannon's information index(I)and genetic differentiation coefficient(Gst)were 0.220 5,0.304 7 and 0.908 2,respectively.P.hendersonii germplasm resources share a high level of genetic diversity,and genetic differentiation mainly exists among the populations.Results from genetic distances and cluster analysis showed that relationships among P.hendersonii populations were to some extent related with their geographical and climatic characters.[Conclusion] This study suggests that the conservation of P.hendersonii should focus on the protection of many populations,particularly the Qinghai population.     

中国西北内陆干旱区大叶白麻野生居群遗传多样性研究(英文)

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in wild populations of Poacynum hendersonii.[Method] Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was employed to analyze the genetic diversity in five wild populations of P.hendersonii sampled from Xinjiang,Gansu and Qinghai provinces.[Result] Totally 165 clear and repeatable bands were generated in RAPD reaction by using 20 primers screened from 80 primers,of which 110 were polymorphic,accounting for 66.67%.At species level,Nei’s gene diversity index(H),Shannon’s information index(I)and genetic differentiation coefficient(Gst)were 0.220 5,0.304 7 and 0.908 2,respectively.P.hendersonii germplasm resources share a high level of genetic diversity,and genetic differentiation mainly exists among the populations.Results from genetic distances and cluster analysis showed that relationships among P.hendersonii populations were to some extent related with their geographical and climatic characters.[Conclusion] This study suggests that the conservation of P.hendersonii should focus on the protection of many populations,particularly the Qinghai population.     

中国西北内陆干旱区大叶白麻野生居群遗传多样性研究(英文)

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversity in wild populations of Poacynum hendersonii.[Method] Random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)technique was employed to analyze the genetic diversity in five wild populations of P.hendersonii sampled from Xinjiang,Gansu and Qinghai provinces.[Result] Totally 165 clear and repeatable bands were generated in RAPD reaction by using 20 primers screened from 80 primers,of which 110 were polymorphic,accounting for 66.67%.At species level,Nei's gene diversity index(H),Shannon's information index(I)and genetic differentiation coefficient(Gst)were 0.220 5,0.304 7 and 0.908 2,respectively.P.hendersonii germplasm resources share a high level of genetic diversity,and genetic differentiation mainly exists among the populations.Results from genetic distances and cluster analysis showed that relationships among P.hendersonii populations were to some extent related with their geographical and climatic characters.[Conclusion] This study suggests that the conservation of P.hendersonii should focus on the protection of many populations,particularly the Qinghai population.     

ISSR Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Local Varieties of Chinese Hu mulberry（Morus L.）

[Objective] The aim was to study on the genetic diversity of local varieties of Chinese Hu mulberry （Morus L.）. [Method] The genetic diversity of 141 copies of Hu mulberry varieties was analyzed by ISSR molecular markers. [Result] 12 ISSR primers had amplified a total of 90 amplified,of which 57 bands were polymorphic,and the polymorphic rate was 63.33%. The genetic similarity coefficients of 141 Hu mulberry germplasm resources varied from 0.633 3 to 1.000 0 with the average of 0.483 35,indicating that there was difference on genetic diversity among different varieties of Hu mulberries. A dendrogram of all 141 Hu mulberry varieties based on the genetic similarity coefficients using ISSR molecular markers was generated by UPGMA cluster method. Clustering of the 141 Hu mulberry varieties did not correspond with the conventional classification involving differences in style,leaf,branch,fruit and other morphological or agronomical characters. [Conclusion] Four subgroups clearly represented the genetic relationships in the 141 accessions which were benefit for the variety improvement and germplasm resource conservation.     

芨芨草遗传多样性研究（英文）

[Objective] Study on the genetic diversities of A.splendens from different areas of xinjiang.[Method] The genetic diversities among seven populations and within two populations were analyzed by RAPD.[Result] Genetic clustering results presented that the relationships among populations of A.splendens are directly related with geographic positions,and within population are related with habitats.[Conclusion] RAPD technique can be used to study genetic diversity of A.splendens.     

Genetic Diversity Within a Jackfruit （Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.） Germplasm Collection in China Using AFLP Markers

Jackfruit is cross-pollinated and mostly seed propagated, a wide range of variation exists in fruit quality. With the development of efficient vegetative propagation methods, excellent genotypes selected from these seed propagated seedlings will gradually replace other genotypes in jackfruit producing areas. In this study, genetic diversity of 50 jackfruit accessions from three provinces in China was analyzed based on amplified fragment length polymorphic （AFLP） markers. A total of 320 unambiguous bands were produced by eight primer combinations, and 65 （20.3%） of them were polymorphic. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0 to 0.9841, with an average of 0.5000, indicating a moderate genetic diversity in this collection. The dendrogram derived by unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean algorithm （UPGMA） analysis revealed five groups, and no correlation between genetic relationship and geographical origin were found. Accessions of soft and firm flesh type were not clustered into distinct groups, neither could yearly bearing once, or twice fruit accessions. This study has provided useful information for collection and preservation of jackfruit germplasm worldwide.     

Research of Genetic Diversity in Seven Kobresia by AFLP in Tibetan Plateau

This work analyzed the genetic diversity of Kobresia accessions at the molecular level, and further obtained the necessary information for breeding and germplasm evaluation. Genomic DNA of Kobresia was amplified with four E＋3 and M＋3 primer combinations with AFLP （amplified fragment length polymorphism）. AFLP analysis produced 164 scorable bands, of which 154 （93.96%） were polymorphic. The mean Nei＇s gene diversity index （H） was 0.2430, and the Shannon＇s information index （I） was 0.4012, indicating the abundant genetic diversity of Kobresia. The 11 Kobresia accessions from Tibetan Plateau, China, can be classified into five groups after cluster analysis based on the UPGMA （unweigbted pair group method arithmetic average） method. In general, there was abundant genetic diversity among Kobresia accessions resources, and the genetic coefficient was unrelated to their geographic latitude. Natural habitats influenced genetic differentiation of Kobresia.     

新疆红花主要栽培品种遗传多样性的RAPD分析

[目的]利用RAPD技术分析新疆红花栽培品种遗传多样性。[方法]提取29份新疆红花栽培品种的基因组DNA并利用所筛选的20条RAPD引物进行PCR扩增。[结果]共扩增出156条带,其中144条带具有多态性,多态性条带占92.31%,说明新疆的红花具有较丰富的遗传多样性;根据引物扩增出的DNA指纹图谱,运用UPGMA分析法可将29份红花种质聚类划分为4个主要类群,该类群划分结果与红花的生态地域性可能不存相关性。[结论]该方法可用于在分子水平上分析红花品种的遗传多样性。     

用RAPD和ISSR法研究新疆红花主栽品种的遗传多样性

[目的]对29份新疆红花栽培品种的遗传多样性进行检测.[方法]RAPD和ISSR分子标记技术.[结果]20个RAPD引物和18个ISSR引物分别扩增出156和112条带,多态条带比率(PPB)分别为92.31;和93.77;.RAPD和ISSR检测的有效等位基因数分别为1.508 1和1.513 7,基因多样性为0.311 5和0.341 6,Shannon多样性指数为0.473 8和0.479 8.以Nei氏遗传距离矩阵按UPGMA方法聚类分析结果RAPD和ISSR标记的遗传距离分别为0.108 2～2.054 1和0.123 4～2.153 5.[结论]红花不同品种之间具有比较丰富的遗传变异.对比RAPD和ISSR在PCR反应中的稳定性和检测变异的能力表明,对于实验条件的稳定性而言ISSR优于RAPD,且总的来说ISSR能检测到比RAPD更多的遗传变异.Mantel检测表明:这两种标记的分析结果有极显著的相关性r=0.963.     

利用RAPD分子标记对30份山茶属种质资源进行分类分析

[目的]对30份山茶属种质资源进行分类分析.[方法]利用RAPD分子标记技术研究30份山茶属种质资源的遗传多样性,并进行分类分析.[结果]17个RAPD引物共扩增出138条带,多态性条带为129条,多态性比率为93.5％,材料间的遗传相似系数（GS）变化范围为0.605 ～ 0.855.[结论]利用NTSYS软件对RAPD扩增结果进行聚类分析,可将30份资源分为5大类群,其分类结果与张宏达分类体系基本一致.     

中国西北内陆干旱区大叶白麻野生居群遗传多样性研究

[目的]研究大叶白麻野生居群的遗传多样性。[方法]采用RAPD技术对分布于新疆、甘肃和青海的5个大叶白麻野生居群的遗传多样性水平进行检测。[结果]经筛选的20条引物共扩增出165条清晰、重复性好的DNA条带,其中多态性条带为110条,多态位点百分率(PPB)为66.67%。居群间Nei′s多样性指数为0.2205,Shannon’s信息指数为0.3047,遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.9082。大叶白麻具有较高的遗传多样性水平,遗传分化主要发生在居群间。聚类分析显示居群间的相似度与分布区的地理和气候特征相关。[结论]在利用大叶白麻资源的同时,应根据各居群的品质和遗传特征,对这些居群尤其是青海居群加以保护。     

小麦族旱麦草属植物的RAPD研究初报

以来自我国新疆和中东地区的１１份旱麦草属种质资源为材料，进行了随机扩增多态性ＤＮＡ分析。结果表明，旱麦草属植物在选定条件下每个反应可扩增形成４．９条带，每个引物在１１份材料及２个普通小麦对照品种中可扩增出１０．４条不同的谱带。该属植物与普通小麦的比较研究发现，二者之间的遗传进化关系较远，ＲＡＰＤ揭示的遗传相似系烽仅为０．３２５－０．４６１。     

利用 RAPD 分析辐射所得水蜡幼苗的遗传多样性

[目的]探讨辐射所得到的水蜡幼苗的遗传多样性。[方法]采用RAPD分子标记技术对不同梯度辐射所得的水蜡突变体的亲缘关系进行分析以确定所得到的水蜡突变体之间的遗传差异。[结果]18条RAPD引物能在5种水蜡间扩增出126条带,其中108条是多态条带,多态率高达85.7%,表现出了较高的多态性。从聚类树状图中可以看出,5种植株间的相似系数在0.500～0.800,平均相似系数为0.65,对照植株和辐射植株有一定的差异性。随着辐射剂量的增大,辐照样品与对照样品的遗传距离增大,相似系数减小,相应的变异系数增大。[结论]该研究为水蜡育种研究提供了分子生物学依据。