2002年黑龙江省审定的水稻品种

１．龙稻２号由黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培所育成的粳稻品种。２０００～２００１年区域试验平均产量７１７４．２ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,较对照黑粳７号平均增产１１．９% ;２００１年生产试验平均产量７３５１．０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,较对照黑粳７号平均增产１０．８%。生育期１２２天 ,株高８０ｃｍ。耐冷性强 ,活秆成熟。２０００～２００１年人工接种苗瘟７级、叶瘟５～７级、穗颈瘟７～９级 ,自然感病苗瘟５～７级、叶瘟５～６级、穗颈瘟７级 ,抗性强于对照。米质达到部颁二级优质米标准。适宜在黑龙江省第四积温带插秧栽培。２．东农４２２由东北农…     

2000年黑龙江省审定通过的水稻新品种

(１)龙稻１号粳稻 ,系由黑龙江省农科院耕作栽培所育成。１９９７～１９９８年区试平均单产８１０７．０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２,较对照东农４１５平均增产９．５% ;１９９９年生产试验平均单产７２４２．０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ ,较对照品种东农４１５平均增产１０．２６%。生育日数１３３天 ,需活动积温２４５０～２５００℃。株高９２ｃｍ ,穗长１７ｃｍ ,每穗８５粒 ,千粒重２８ｇ。分蘖性强 ,抗倒伏中 ,耐冷性中 ,耐盐碱中下。１９９８年人工接种苗瘟８级、叶瘟５级、穗颈瘟９级 ,自然感病苗瘟６级、叶瘟５级、穗颈瘟５级。米质达到国家一级优质米标准。(…     

江西省2002年审定通过的水稻新品种

１.赣早籼４９号系由江西省农业科学院水稻研究所育成的常规早稻品种。全生育期１０６．７天。株高７４．８３ｃｍ ,每６６７ｍ２ 有效穗３０．１５万 ,每穗总粒数５０．３３粒 ,结实率８２．６３% ,千粒重２４．４ｇ。出糙率７９．４ % ,整精米率４９．８ % ,粒长６．９ｍｍ ,长宽比３．３ ,垩白粒率１９% ,垩白度２．８% ,直链淀粉含量１４．０% ,胶稠度７４ｍｍ。稻瘟病抗性 :苗瘟０级 ,叶瘟０级 ,穗颈瘟０级 ,接种鉴定２级。２０００～２００１年参加江西省水稻区试 ,２０００年平均单产３５３．６９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照赣早籼４０…     

天津市2001年审定通过的水稻品种

１.津原３８系由天津市原种场育成。全生育期１７６天 ,株高１１０ｃｍ ,根系发达 ,返青快 ,分蘖早 ,后期抗早衰 ,无芒 ,散穗 ,千粒重２６ｇ。易感恶苗病 ,秧龄敏感。整精米率７５ % ,垩白度２ % ,直链淀粉含量１５% ,属国标三级优质米。中抗穗颈瘟。单产５９１．１～６２１．７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照增产３．１%～７．５ %。２.津原４５系由天津市原种场育成。全生育期１７６天 ,株高１０５～１１０ｃｍ ,千粒重２７ｇ,长芒 ,口紧。分蘖力中等 ,活棵成熟。整精米率７２．５ % ,垩白度０．７% ,透明度２级 ,直链淀粉含量１７．４% ,米质优…     

吉林省2001年审定通过的水稻新品种

１．吉粳７８号 由吉林吉农水稻高新科技发展有限责任公司育成的中晚熟水稻品种。全生育期１３８天,株高９５～１００ｃｍ,株型紧凑,分蘖力强,穗均粒数１００粒左右,千粒重２５．５ｇ。中抗苗瘟和叶瘟,感穗瘟。１９９８～２０００三年区试平均单产５９０．２ ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照农大 ３号增产 ４．９％;１９９９～２０００年两年生产试验平均单产 ５４４．４ ｋｇ／６６７ ｍ２,比对照增产２．０％。适宜无霜期１４０天左右的中晚熟稻区种植。 ２．组培２８ 由吉林吉农水稻高新科技发展有限责任公司育成。全生育期１３５天,…     

2000年福建省审定通过的水稻新品种

(１)威优８２系三明市农科所选育而成的早籼迟熟杂交稻新组合。作早稻全生育期１２４天。株型集散适中 ,茎秆坚韧 ,分蘖力中等。株高９２．５ｃｍ ,平均穗粒数１２０粒 ,结实率８３ % ,千粒重２５．５ｇ。１９９７～１９９８年经省水稻品种抗瘟联合鉴定综合评价为中抗稻瘟病 ,中抗白叶枯病 ,纹枯病轻。１９９７～１９９８年参加福建省早杂优三系组区试 ,平均单产分别为６８２３ｋｇ／ｈｍ２和６７５９ｋｇ／ｈｍ２ ,比对照威优６４增产２．１５ %和７．３１ %。适宜福建省作早稻推广种植。(２)南厦０６０系南平市农科所、厦门大学生物学系育…     

水稻抛栽高产配套技术研究

１９９５～１９９８年对水稻抛栽的高产配套技术进行了系统研究。结果表明,水稻抛栽的适宜叶龄为３．５～４．５叶,抛栽密度早稻为３０．０万～３６．０万蔸／ｈｍ２、晚稻为３３．０万～３７．５万蔸／ｈｍ２,基蘖肥与穗粒肥的比例早晚稻均以７∶３为宜,抛栽稻的立苗期为３～５ｄ,大田抛栽水层深度以１．０～１．５ｃｍ为好。     

长粒粳稻—“水晶2号”

水晶２号株高１０１．５ｃｍ,分蘖中等 ,株形紧凑 ,穗长 ,着粒密度较稀。平均穗长１９．４ｃｍ ,每穗总粒１０３．３粒 ,实粒９７粒 ,结实率９３．７%。产量高 ,１９９９年 ,松江区种子公司组织区试 ,佘山点单产５９５．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,居１５个参试品种第６位 ,闵行区种子管理站组织区试 ,马桥点单产５１２．７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,居７个参试品种第１位 ,比对照９３-６３增产８．６７%。松江区佘山镇农业公司 ,生产试种１ｈｍ２,平均单产４８７．５ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。２０００年 ,闵行区马桥镇第二农场试种１．３４ｈｍ２ ,平均单产５５…     

早稻新品种“宁早78”试种初报

一、选育经过宁早78系宁德地区农科所用宁早517／梧农号杂交，经四年七代选育于1994年定名，其亲缘系谱如图：二、特征特性1、生育期宁早78属早稻中熟品种，1995年参加宁德地区区试，全生育期120d，比对照种“119”迟熟0．sd；活动积温2641．6℃，晚季倒种全生育期109～1lid，1997年宁德所观察全生育期118d，比“119”早熟id。2、抗稻瘟性经多年试种，示范均未发现叶癌和穗颈瘟。1995年宁德所植保室稻瘟诱发鉴定，叶瘟0级，穗颈瘟1级。1997年再诱发鉴定，叶瘟丑级，穗颈瘟0级。3、经济性状1995年参加宁德地区区试，平均株高88．6cm，产量517…     

长麦6号小麦新品种的选育及栽培技术

长麦 ６ 号是以 ８０—１８９ 作母本、铁春 １ 号作父本进行杂交,经过 １１ 年（１９８５～１９９６ 年）系谱法选育而成的小麦新品种。１９９７ 年 １２ 月经吉林省品种审定委员会审定。该品种株高 ８０ ｃｍ ,穗长方形,穗粒数 ３５ 粒,粗蛋白 １５％ 以上,湿面筋 ３３．７％ ,沉降值 ４６．２ ｍ ｌ,品质优良,耐旱性与抗病性好,抗黑穗病、锈病、赤霉病、白粉病,综合性状较好。在高产栽培情况下,产量可达 ５ ０００ ｋｇ／ｈｍ ２。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.