Cytosolic-free calcium transients in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells: microfluorometric measurements

Microfluorometric recordings were made of changes in the concentration of cytosolic-free calcium in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells treated with quin 2, an intracellularly trapped dye, under several conditions. Nitroglycerin decreased calcium in both the presence and absence of extracellular calcium and strongly and progressively decreased the extent of transient increases in calcium induced by repeated applications of caffeine in the absence of extracellular calcium. Therefore nitroglycerin probably decreases cytosolic-free calcium by accelerating the extrusion of calcium through the sarcolemmal membrane.     

猪胚胎干细胞的分离培养

收集26-27d的猪胚胎分离原始生殖细胞(Primordial germ cells，PGCs)，培养在STO细胞饲养层上生长，形成EG细胞。EG细胞具有干细胞所具有的显著特性，形态，多能性和种系的延续，AKP染色阳性，并能在体外分化；分别将PGCs用三种不同的培养基培养，在形成EG细胞集落的数量和EG细胞分化上有着明显的差距，说明血清的质量和浓度以及细胞因子对干细胞的生成和增殖有着重要的作用。     

Bone resorbing activity in supernatant fluid from cultured human peripheral blood leukocytes

A new soluble mediator was found in supernatant fluid from cultures of human peripheral blood leukocytes that were stimulated by phytohemagglutinin, or by antigenic material present in human dental plaque deposits. This soluble Jactor produced bone resorption in organ cultures of fetal rat bones as measured by increased release of calcium-45, and also increased the number of active osteoclasts.     

A parathyroid hormone-like protein from cultured human keratinocytes

Parathyroid hormone-like factors have been found in extracts of tumors associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, many of which are of squamous epithelial origin. Cultured, nonmalignant human keratinocytes were examined for the production of similar factors. Keratinocyte-conditioned medium from ten cultures stimulated the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in clonally derived rat osteosarcoma cells sensitive to parathyroid hormone. Bovine [Nle8,18, Tyr34]PTH-(3-34)NH2, a competitive inhibitor of parathyroid hormone, stopped the adenylate cyclase production stimulated by keratinocyte-conditioned medium, but antisera to parathyroid hormone had no effect on such adenylate cyclase activity. The active component of keratinocyte-conditioned medium has a molecular weight exceeding that of native parathyroid hormone. These characteristics are shared by the parathyroid hormone receptor agonists associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, which suggests that normal human keratinocytes may produce a factor related to that produced by malignant tumors associated with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.     

Primordial germ cells in blood smears from chick embryos

The feasibility of studying avian primordial germ cells in blood smears has been demonstrated. Blood smears prepared from chick embryos of stages 13 to 15 (48 to 55 hours) contained primordial germ cells, which were revealed by the periodic acidSchiff reaction. The presence of glycogen in the cytoplasm of the primordial germ cells facilitated their selective identification.     

带血管蒂髂骨瓣移位加血管束植入治疗青壮年股骨头缺血性坏死

目的：观察带血管蒂髂骨瓣移位加血管束植入治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的效果。方法：采用带血管蒂髂骨瓣移位加多条血管柬植入治疗股骨头缺血性坏死32例（38髋）。结果：32例经2～7a随访,优13例,良16例,差3例,有效率90.6％。结论：带血管蒂髂骨瓣移位加血管束植入治疗股骨头缺血性坏死,可使坏死股骨头重建血运,形成新骨取代死骨使股骨头得以修复,能预防或延缓股骨头的塌陷,对股骨头坏死治疗有效。     

大鼠不同部位内皮细胞的体外培养

为了建立一种能有效分离、培养和获取较高纯度的大鼠心肌膜微血管内皮细胞(RMMECs)、肠黏膜微血管内皮细胞(RIMECs)、主动脉内皮细胞(RAECs)、后腔静脉内皮细胞(RPVECs)的模型,自7dSD大鼠分别取左心室壁、空肠、主动脉、后腔静脉,采用II型胶原酶消化、差速贴壁、差速消化法获得较纯的RMMECs、RIMECs、RAECs、RPVECs。结果表明:通过形态学特征及微血管内皮细胞和血管内皮细胞相关特异性抗原检测证实,得到高纯度RMMECs、RIMECs、RAECs、RPVECs。结论:利用胶原酶II型消化法成功分离并培养大鼠的RMMECs、RIMECs、RAECs、RPVECs,为进一步开展内皮细胞的生物学特性的相关研究提供有效的方法。     

诱导型启动子Rd29A引导的植物表达载体的构建

全球20%的耕地和近半数的灌溉土地都受到不同程度的盐害威胁,抗盐育种具有重要意义.针对常规育种周期长等明显的局限性,利用抗盐转基因可以迅速获得抗盐材料,明显缩短育种周期.利用PCR技术克隆获得Rd29A这一干旱、盐碱等逆境诱导表达的特异性启动子,与叶绿体转运肽和甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因构建pBinRdMCS重组质粒,用于林木转化.通过克隆Rd29A启动子构建逆境诱导的高效表达载体,可对林木抗盐转基因育种提供理论指导. 图5参8     

A small-molecule modulator of poly-alpha 2,8-sialic acid expression on cultured neurons and tumor cells

Poly-alpha2,8-sialic acid (PSA) has been implicated in numerous normal and pathological processes, including development, neuronal plasticity, and tumor metastasis. We report that cell surface PSA expression can be reversibly inhibited by a small molecule, N-butanoylmannosamine (ManBut). Inhibition occurs through a metabolic mechanism in which ManBut is converted to unnatural sialic acid derivatives that effectively act as chain terminators during cellular PSA biosynthesis. N-Propanoylmannosamine (ManProp), which differs from ManBut by a single methylene group, did not inhibit PSA biosynthesis. Modulation of PSA expression by chemical means has a role complementary to genetic and biochemical approaches in the study of complex PSA-mediated events.     

Sarcocystis: development in cultured avian and mammalian cells

Sarcocystis, a protozoan that parasitizes muscle tissue of reptiles, birds, and mammals, including man, developed in avian and mammalian cell cultlures. Mctile banana-shaped organisms, released from cysts in grackle muscle, entered cells and transformed into enlarged ellipsoid or oblong stages, which developed into either multinucleate or cyst-like stages, or both.     

天然云冷杉针阔混交林单木胸径树高空间自回归模型研究

林木间普遍存在着空间自相关,这直接关联着林木间的竞争与相互作用。单木胸径树高模型是森林生长、收获与预测的基础,忽略林木间的空间自相关将会导致胸径树高模型的普通最小二乘(OLS)回归违背残差独立分布假设,导致犯第一类错误的可能性变大,以及模型参数标准差的有偏估计和回归模型估计的有效性降低。因此,本文选择我国东北地区主要森林类型即天然云冷杉针阔混交林为研究对象,考虑林木间的空间自相关,选用合适的线性化单木胸径树高OLS模型为基准模型,利用3个同步自回归(SAR)模型即空间滞后模型(SLM)、空间误差模型(SEM)和空间Durbin模型(SDM),构建该混交林的单木胸径树高模型。与此同时,每个SAR模型分别采用5个不同的空间加权矩阵即Delaunay三角网(DT)矩阵、逆距离一次幂(ID1)、逆距离二次幂(ID2)、逆距离五次幂(ID5)和高斯变异函数(GV)矩阵,利用极大似然(maximum likelihood)估计3个SAR模型的参数。对OLS和3个SAR模型的回归参数进行t检验,对3个SAR模型的自回归参数进行似然比检验。选择Morans I(MI)指数比较分析4个模型的残差空间自相关,选择决定系数(R2)、均方根误差(RMSE)和Akaike信息准则(AIC)3个拟合指标比较分析这4个模型的拟合效果,选择均方误差(MS)检验模型预测效果。结果表明:未考虑空间自相关的OLS模型残差存在正空间自相关;3个SAR模型拟合效果均优于OLS,SDM和SEM的拟合效果最好,SLM最差;无论使用哪个空间加权矩阵,SLM均不能消除模型残差空间自相关,但可降低空间自相关,在一定程度上提高了模型的拟合效果;5个空间矩阵应用于SDM和SEM时,均可以消除模型残差空间自相关,但空间加权矩阵GV只适用于SEM;ID2是5个空间加权矩阵中最好的空间加权矩阵,将ID2应用于4个模型进行预测时,SDM和SEM的预测效果明显优于SLM,但3个SAR模型的预测效果均优于OLS。利用3个SAR模型提高了单木胸径树高模型拟合和预测的精度,为合理经营天然云冷杉针阔混交林提供了理论基础。      

A "D"-like antigen in rhesus red blood cells and in Rh-positive and Rh-negative red cells

A "D"-like antigen has been demonstrated in human and rhesus red cells. These red cells, as well as heat extracts of human blood (Rh-positive or Rh-negative), induce formation of "D"-like antibodies in guinea pigs. These antibodies, when exposed to rhesus red cells or to Rh-positive or Rh-negative red cells, yield eluates of "D"-like specificity.     

高地钩叶藤节间与节部导管及维管束形态特征径向变异规律

为了更好地了解棕榈藤材的性能、提高我国棕榈藤资源培育和高附加值加工利用水平,选用高地钩叶藤为研究对象,采用显微图像分析系统,对该藤2 m处的节间和节部的导管分子及维管束形态特征进行统计与分析。结果显示,节间与节部大导管分子长度、直径、密度的平均值分别为3 981.363和2 666.883 μm、198.235和202.402 μm、3.611和3.784个·mm^-2;维管束径向直径、弦向直径、密度的平均值分别为523.466和534.794 μm、373.624和379.823 μm、3.078和3.202个·mm^-2。经F检验,仅节间与节部的导管分子长度差异极显著(P＜0.05）。     

牛红细胞源抗菌肽的分离纯化与活性鉴定

【目的】分离纯化牛红细胞中的抗菌肽(Antimicrobial peptides,AMPs),并对其体外抗菌活性进行初步检测。【方法】以中国荷斯坦奶牛血液为材料,通过离子交换层析法和反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)纯化抗菌肽,用琼脂糖平板扩散法测定其抗菌活性,并用质谱法测定其分子质量。【结果】牛血液红细胞粗提物经离子交换层析获得的阳离子峰有抗菌活性;阳离子峰经RP-HPLC纯化后,共得到4个峰(F1、F2、F3和F4),其对大肠杆菌均具有抗菌活性,F1峰和F3峰对金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗菌活性,仅F1峰对白色念珠菌具有抗菌活性;经质谱分析,F1峰纯化肽的分子质量为2 562.40 u。【结论】成功地从牛红细胞中分离纯化到了AMPs;F1峰中AMPs的抗菌谱较广,抗菌活性较强。     

诱导型启动子Rd29A 引导的植物表达载体的构建

全球20 %的耕地和近半数的灌溉土地都受到不同程度的盐害威胁, 抗盐育种具有重要意义。针对常规育种周期长等明显的局限性, 利用抗盐转基因可以迅速获得抗盐材料, 明显缩短育种周期。利用PCR 技术克隆获得Rd29A 这一干旱、盐碱等逆境诱导表达的特异性启动子, 与叶绿体转运肽和甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因构建pBinRdMCS 重组质粒, 用于林木转化。通过克隆Rd29A 启动子构建逆境诱导的高效表达载体, 可对林木抗盐转基因育种提供理论指导。图5 参8     

Characterization of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells isolated from equine umbilical cord blood

Properties and characteristics of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MMSCs) isolated from equine umbilical cord’s blood in vitro have been studied. The cells had morphology similar to fibroblast, high adhesive capabilities, and immunophenotype CD31^–, CD34^–, CD90⁺. Analysis of sensitivity of MMSCs to the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) was conducted. The immunocytochemical analysis detected expression of the p26 antigen in MMSCs that are being infected with EIAV. The results obtained show that MMSCs isolated from equine umbilical cord blood can be applied in veterinary virology.     

斑点叉尾鮰鱼皮胶原的提取及其基本特性的研究

采用乙酸—胃蛋白酶降解的方法从斑点叉尾鮰鱼皮中提取胶原,利用正交试验优化提取工艺,并对最优工艺条件下提取的鱼皮胶原的基本特性进行了研究。结果表明:鱼皮胶原的最优提取工艺条件是,乙酸浓度为0.5 mol/L,鱼皮与乙酸固液用量之比为1∶100(每克冷冻干燥鱼皮加100 mL乙酸),胃蛋白酶的添加量为1104 U/mL,提取时间为54 h,提取温度为4℃,间歇搅拌。对鱼皮胶原进行氨基酸分析、傅立叶红外扫描和紫外扫描,结果表明:所提取的鱼皮胶原具有Ⅰ型胶原所特有的氨基酸组成,并且胶原的三股螺旋结构保持完整。