输精部位对奶牛超排效果的影响

对奶牛超排时输精部位进行了研究。结果发现,在其它实验条件相同的情况下,在子宫角部位输精的供体牛的超排效果好于在子宫体部位输精的供体牛,其可用胚数(7±6.353)极显著高于子宫体部位输精的(4.182±1.870)(P<0.01),且无精卵数和停滞卵数(0.222±0.183和0.222±0.183)都分别极显著低于子宫体部位输精的(1.091±0.848和0.909±0.468)(P<0.01)。这说明超排时在子宫角部位进行输精能够提高超排效果。     

分离后精子输精对超排奶牛卵子受精和胚胎质量的影响

研究应用性控精液对超排育成牛和成母牛输精,生产性控胚胎。结果表明:非性控精液组受精卵数同性控精液组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),但可用胚胎比例高于性控精液组(90.17%对89.73%,66.03%对63.57%)。育成牛群组受精卵比例高于成母牛群组(92.74%对84.93%)差异不显著(P>0.05);但可用胚胎比例显著高于成母牛群组(68.77%对55.28%)(P<0.05)。1次输2支性控精液组中,育成牛群组受精卵数、可用胚胎比例都显著高于成母牛群组(90.83%对79.69%,67.89%对53.13%)(P<0.05)。2次人工授精,每次输1支性控精液组中,育成牛群组受精卵及可用胚胎比例都显著高于成母牛群组(93.75%对87.41%,69.23%对56.30%)(P<0.05)。     

人工授精输精技术对提高母猪受胎率与产仔数的影响

<正> 推广猪的人工授精,其成败关键在于能否提高受胎率和产仔数,除具备良好的精液和正确掌握母猪发情规律做到适时配种外,采取不同的输精技术和方法,对提高受胎率和产仔数也能取得显著效果.现将近几年来所进行的有关试验综述如下:     

不同输精时间对奶牛X性控冻精情期受胎率的影响

适时输精是决定奶牛人工授精成功的关键。随着XY精子分离技术进人商业化生产应用阶段，利用X性控冻精人工授精技术，可成倍提高产母犊的比例，是扩增高产奶牛数量的一条重要途径，对加速高产奶牛的繁育、缩短奶牛世代间隔具有重要意义。然而，目前性控冻精的生产成本较高；性控冻精的活力为0．30～0．39，达到了普通冻精的活力GB：0．35的相当的水平；     

提高奶牛人工授精受胎率的关键措施

受胎率是奶牛繁殖性能的重要指标,提高奶牛人工授精受胎率,缩短产犊间隔是奶牛生产过程的重点工作。由于人工授精和胚胎移植技术在奶牛生产中的应用,大大提高了奶牛的生产性能和奶牛业的经济效益,但如何提高奶牛人工授精     

影响奶牛胚胎移植受胎率的因素

近年来,奶牛胚胎移植技术已成为提高奶牛生产水平的重要途径之一。我们根据在奶牛胚胎移植生产中的经验,将影响受体牛受胎率的因素加以分析总结。     

如何提高奶牛的人工授精受胎率

本文主要论述了影响奶牛受胎率的因素,并从奶牛的繁殖机能、母牛的管理、发情鉴定、冻精质量检测、冻精解冻温度和时间、适时输精、输精技术、早期妊娠诊断和繁殖疾病的治疗等方面阐述了提高奶牛人工授精受胎率的措施。     

不同部位输精对母牛受胎率影响的研究

把自然发情的母牛分2组,即冷冻精液组、鲜精组,观察不同部位输精对母牛受胎率的作用及影响.结果表明①冷冻精液组在子宫颈内输精,受胎率黄牛为0,水牛为0;在子宫颈与子宫体交界处输精,受胎率黄牛达86.67%,水牛达66.67%;在子宫体前1/3段输精,受胎率黄牛达60%,水牛达40%;在子宫颈内约5～6 cm输精,受胎率黄牛达26.67%,水牛达6.67%;在子宫体与子宫角交界处输精,受胎率黄牛达13.33%,水牛达6.67%.表明在子宫颈与子宫体交界处输精,受胎率显著高于其他输精部位(P＜0.01);②鲜精组在子宫颈内输精,受胎率黄牛为46.67%,水牛为13.33%;在子宫颈与子宫体交界处输精,受胎率黄牛达80%,水牛达60%;在子宫体前1/3段输精,受胎率黄牛达66.67%,水牛达33.33%;在子宫颈内约5～6 cm输精,受胎率黄牛达33.33%,水牛达20%;在子宫体与子宫角交界处输精,受胎率黄牛达13.33%,水牛达13.33%.表明在子宫颈与子宫体交界处输精,母牛受胎率显著高于其他输精部位(P＜0.01),为母牛冻配的最佳输精部位.     

猪人工授精与自然交配的受胎效果比较

对328头1～3胎的大白母猪实施了人工授精(2次、3次)和自然交配(3次),比较了两种配种方法和输精方式对母猪受胎率和产仔数的影响。结果表明:两种配种方法和输精方式对3个胎次母猪的受胎率和窝均产仔数影响均不显著(P0.05)。说明人工授精可以取代自然交配在规模化猪场推广应用,并且在规模化猪场实施2次人工授精也是可行的。     

牦牛细管冻精人工授精情期受胎率的观察

对150头母牦牛开展了牦牛细管冻精人工授精试验。试验结果显示:试验母牛在第一情期发情率63.33%,第二情期发情率50.00%,第一情期与第二情期发情差异性不显著﹙P>0.05﹚。第一情期受胎率为53.95%,第二情期受胎率88.46%,第一情期与第二情期受胎率之间差异极显著﹙P<0.01﹚;试验组母牛平均受胎率62.75%与对照组80.00%受胎率之间无差异(P>0.05)。     

定时输精对奶牛第一情期受胎率的效果分析

[目的]探讨不同月份和精液类型对利用定时输精程序处理奶牛后第一情期受胎率的影响.[方法]选择93头产后60 d以上不发情和产后配1～3次仍未受胎的奶牛,不检查卵巢直接利用激素生源2+1进行同期发情处理.1～3月份处理41头奶牛,6～8月份处理52头;其中,利用性控精液配种58头,常规精液配种35头.[结果]表明:经定时...     

Influence of the Donor Male on the Fertility of Frozen-Thawed Rabbit Sperm after Artificial Insemination of Females of Different Genotypes

In this work, the influence of the donor male on the fertility of cryopreserved rabbit sperm after artificial insemination into females from different genotypes was evaluated. Females belonged to three lines selected for maternal characteristics (A, V and H) and all the possible crosses between them. Sperm from five males from the line selected for one of the maternal characteristics (line V) was frozen individually in a Tris-citric acid-glucose diluent with 1.75 m of DMSO and 0.05 m of sucrose (final concentrations). After artificial insemination of the cryopreserved sperm, fertility rates and prolificacy were similar for all groups of females (56% of fertility rate and 7.2 total born). Significant differences between males were observed for both fertility (p < 0.05) and kindling (p < 0.01) rate. These differences could be because of differences in the freezing resistance of sperm from the different males.     

梅花鹿人工输精中同期发情与试情对受胎率的影响

为进一步提高梅花鹿人工输精的受胎率,研究了同期发情与试情两种不同的处理方法对受胎率的影响,结果表明:试情方法准胎率72.3%,明显高于同期发情方法准胎率62.45%,两种方法的准胎率差异显著(P0.05),说明试情方法可以获得比较好的产仔效果。     

影响精液冷冻和人工授精效果的因素

通过对精液冷冻保存的细胞反应原理的阐述 ,指出冷冻保护剂甘油对精液保存具有利弊效应 ,提出精子膜脂组成的差异使得不同品种的精子对冷冻损伤的易感性不同。雌性生殖道解剖结构的品种差异 ,精子形态 ,精子运行机制的细微差异 ,人工授精时间及精子的运行能力 ,采精方式等因素对精液冷冻保存和人工授精的成功有决定性作用。研究精子质膜的生物学特性可解决低活力精子的问题 ,然而这并不能解决冷冻后精子质量的个体差异。对精细胞基因组的研究可以找出这些个体的遗传差异。因此 ,冷冻精子和精原细胞 (用于细胞外注射 )的差异已经成为完整基因组问题。     

家蚕精子顶体酶活性分析及冷冻精液的人工授精

采用改良Kennedy s法测定了家蚕精子顶体酶活性,得到了适合家蚕精子顶体酶活性测定的最佳条件,即:孵育温度为25℃,孵育时间为4 h;精液体外4℃存放随时间延长其顶体酶活性呈下降趋势,酶活性的测定应在15 h内进行。虽然冷冻精液随着冷冻时间的延长其酶活性下降,但是不同冷冻方式之间酶活性变化趋势不同,-80℃保存时酶活性直线下降,120 d后酶活性下降了61%。液氮中保存的精液虽然在30 d后的酶活性为冷冻前的58%,但在其后的几个月中酶活性下降不明显。此外,顶体酶活性的高低与精液人工授精产卵数及受精卵率相关,酶活性越低其产卵数越少,受精卵率也越低,提示顶体酶活性的高低可以在一定程度上反映精液的品质。     

犬的采精与人工授精技术的研究与效果

目前,饲养肉用犬在我国各省区越来越多,所用公犬大多数为体型较大的圣伯纳、藏獒、高加索等品种.由于公母犬之问体型差异太大,以及犬择偶性较强,影响肉用犬的繁殖.     

Fertility in Dairy Cows After Artificial Insemination Using Sex‐Sorted Sperm or Conventional Semen

The aim of this study was to compare pregnancy per artificial insemination (P/AI) after timed AI with sex‐sorted sperm (SS) or conventional semen (CS) in lactating dairy cows. Cyclic cows (n = 302) were synchronized by Ovsynch and randomly assigned into two groups at the time of AI. Cows with a follicle size between 12 and 18 mm and clear vaginal discharge at the time of AI were inseminated with either frozen‐thawed SS (n = 148) or CS (n = 154) of the same bull. A shallow uterine insemination was performed into the uterine horn ipsilateral to the side of probable impending ovulation. Pregnancy per AI on Day 31 tended (p = 0.09) to be less for SS (31.8%) than CS (40.9%). Similarly, P/AI on Day 62 was less (p = 0.01) for cows inseminated with SS (25.7%) compared with CS (39.0%). The increased difference in fertility between treatments from Days 31 to 62 was caused by the greater (p = 0.02) pregnancy loss for cows receiving SS (19.2%) than CS (4.8%). Cow parity (p = 0.02) and season (p < 0.01) when AI was performed were additional factors affecting fertility. Primiparous cows had greater P/AI than multiparous cows both on Day 31 (41.7% vs 25.0% in SS and 53.0% vs 31.8% in CS groups) and on Day 62 (33.3% vs 20.5% in SS and 48.5% vs 31.8% in CS groups). During the hot season of the year, P/AI on Day 31 was reduced (p = 0.01) in the SS group (19.6%) when compared with the rates during the cool season (38.1%). In conclusion, sex‐sorted sperm produced lower fertility results compared to conventional semen even after using some selection criteria to select most fertile cows.     

Effect of Cloprostenol Treatment at Artificial Insemination on Sow Fertility

In two experiments, we examined the effect of administration of cloprostenol at artificial insemination on fertility of multiparous sows. Lactation length was 21 days and only sows exhibiting estrus by 7 days after weaning were included. Cloprostenol was administered by IM injection (175 microg; n=126) or supplemented in the semen dose (525 microg; n=129). Control sows (n=130) received no hormone. In either experiment, there was no effect of any treatment on subsequent litter sizes. In experiment 1, there was no effect of treatment on farrowing rate, but in experiment 2, farrowing rate was higher (p < 0.05) in sows receiving cloprostenol by injection. Taken together, these results indicate no consistent effect of cloprostenol administration by intramuscular injection or by inclusion in the semen dose on sow fertility and so its routine use is not warranted.