流感病毒在诱导A549细胞凋亡过程中对SIRT1和P53蛋白的影响

采用流式细胞术观察了流感病毒诱导A549细胞凋亡的情况,同时应用Western blot方法研究了SIRT1和p53等蛋白的表达情况。结果表明:1000 TCID50/mL剂量流感病毒感染A549细胞后,细胞表现出典型的凋亡特征,且凋亡比例随感染时间延长而逐渐增加。在流感病毒诱导细胞凋亡过程中,SIRT1蛋白的表达下降,p-p53的表达上升。线粒体中Bax的表达上调,Bcl-2的表达下降。可见SIRT1蛋白参与了流感病毒诱导的A549细胞凋亡,SIRT1蛋白表达下调可能促进了Bax释放进入线粒体和p53蛋白功能的进一步发挥。     

归芪多糖延缓细胞衰老的分子作用机制

以SIRT1和线粒体为切入点,采用分子生物学技术以及多种线粒体分析技术,深入探讨SIRT1和线粒体在衰老细胞中的作用,揭示归芪多糖延缓细胞衰老的分子作用机制。结果表明,AAP显著降低细胞的衰老程度并提高细胞活力,而Ex527阻断AAP的作用。同时,发现AAP增强细胞内SIRT1和CyclinD1的表达,降低p53的表达水平,在Ex527组中未观察到类似的逆转作用。线粒体分析结果显示,AAP可显著降低细胞内的活性氧水平,降低线粒体膜电位,减轻线粒体肿胀程度和增加线粒体内ATP含量,而Ex527的预处理消除这些作用。基于上述结果,推测AAP可能通过信号通路p53/p16和CyclinD/CDK4来改善线粒体功能,从而达到延缓衰老的作用,且这些作用与SIRT1密切相关。     

狭鳕鱼皮胶原肽对过氧化氢诱导的人成骨细胞氧化损伤作用

[目的]复制过氧化氢诱导人成骨细胞氧化损伤模型,探讨狭鳕鱼皮胶原肽保护作用机制。[方法]以人成骨细胞为研究对象,将对数生长期的细胞分为6组:正常对照组、H_2O_2损伤组、胶原蛋白肽低(100μg/m L)、中(300μg/m L)、高(600μg/m L)浓度组、阳性对照组(300μg/m L维生素E),CCK-8法检测成骨细胞的存活率,酶联免疫法检测细胞培养液中SOD、MDA的含量,PCR技术检测Foxo3amRNA的表达水平,Western blot技术检测Sirt1、Foxo3a的蛋白表达水平。[结果]与模型组相比,胶原肽组细胞存活率及SOD的水平升高,MDA含量下降,Foxo3amRNA及蛋白表达水平下降,Sirt1蛋白表达水平上升。[结论]300μmol/L H_2O_2可成功复制成骨细胞氧化损伤模型;一定浓度的胶原蛋白肽能降低MDA的含量,提高SOD水平,并具有抗氧化损伤功能,胶原肽对成骨细胞的保护作用可能与下调Foxo3a和上调Sirt1的表达水平有关。     

Calorie restriction promotes mammalian cell survival by inducing the SIRT1 deacetylase

A major cause of aging is thought to result from the cumulative effects of cell loss over time. In yeast, caloric restriction (CR) delays aging by activating the Sir2 deacetylase. Here we show that expression of mammalian Sir2 (SIRT1) is induced in CR rats as well as in human cells that are treated with serum from these animals. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) attenuated this response. SIRT1 deacetylates the DNA repair factor Ku70, causing it to sequester the proapoptotic factor Bax away from mitochondria, thereby inhibiting stress-induced apoptotic cell death. Thus, CR could extend life-span by inducing SIRT1 expression and promoting the long-term survival of irreplaceable cells.     

SIRT6 promotes DNA repair under stress by activating PARP1

Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a mammalian homolog of the yeast Sir2 deacetylase. Mice deficient for SIRT6 exhibit genome instability. Here, we show that in mammalian cells subjected to oxidative stress SIRT6 is recruited to the sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and stimulates DSB repair, through both nonhomologous end joining and homologous recombination. Our results indicate that SIRT6 physically associates with poly[adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP1) and mono-ADP-ribosylates PARP1 on lysine residue 521, thereby stimulating PARP1 poly-ADP-ribosylase activity and enhancing DSB repair under oxidative stress.     

Influence of FSH Treatment on Expression of CDC25A,TSSK3 and P53 in Vitro Cultured Sertoli Cells of Calf

CDC25A, TSSK3 and P53 expressions in vitro in cultured sertoli cells after FSH treatment were studied in order to provide some data for further researches of spermatogenesis. Different concentrations of FSH(0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 IU ? m L-1) were used to treat sertoli cells cultured in vitro. The expression of CDC25 A, TSSK3 and P53 was determined by real-time-PCR at 6 h,12 h and 24 h after FSH treatment of sertoli cells. The results showed that FSH had no significant effect on expression of CDC25A(p0.05), could significantly improve the expression of TSSK3 and P53(p0.05), and had no significant effect on expression of CDC25 A in sertoli cells, but it could significantly improve the expression of TSSK3. CDC25 A was likely to play a role in other signaling pathways in sertoli cells. Within the range of certain concentration of FSH, TSSK3 in sertoli cells had the highest expression at about 24 h. TSSK3 protein produced in sertoli cells was likely to play an important role in substrate-level phosphorylationbe in meiosis and mitosis of spermatogenic cells. FSH could promote P53 expression and the highest expression was at about 12 h, and P53 might control the division of spermatogenic cells as well as sertoli cells.     

53BP1, a mediator of the DNA damage checkpoint

53BP1 binds to the tumor suppressor protein p53 and has a potential role in DNA damage responses. We used small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against 53BP1 in mammalian cells to demonstrate that 53BP1 is a key transducer of the DNA damage checkpoint signal. 53BP1 was required for p53 accumulation, G2-M checkpoint arrest, and the intra-S-phase checkpoint in response to ionizing radiation. 53BP1 played a partially redundant role in phosphorylation of the downstream checkpoint effector proteins Brca1 and Chk2 but was required for the formation of Brca1 foci in a hierarchical branched pathway for the recruitment of repair and signaling proteins to sites of DNA damage.     

人H1启动子转录shRNA的细胞种属特异性研究

利用siDirect软件预测绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因特异性小干扰RNA(siRNA),将人工合成的相应shRNA插入含人H1启动子的pSuper载体,获得表达载体pSuper-shRNA,再将H1-shRNA插入表达GFP基因的peGFP-N1载体,获得表达载体peGFP-H1-shRNA。分别以pSuper-shRNA peGFP-N1和peGFP-H1-shRNA转染COS-1、293-T、鸡胚肝(CEL)和鸡胚成纤维(CEF)细胞,根据相同条件下GFP阳性细胞数及荧光强度变化判断产生的siRNA对GFP基因表达的沉默作用,比较人H1启动子在哺乳动物和禽源细胞中的转录活性。结果表明:人H1启动子在2种哺乳动物细胞中能有效转录shRNA,但在2种禽源细胞中的转录活性很弱,提示在禽源细胞中表达siRNA和进行基因沉默研究应选用禽源启动子。     

红鳍东方鲀去乙酰化酶SIRT3基因的克隆及原核表达

从红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)肝脏组织中提取总RNA,通过RT–PCR扩增,获得SIRT3基因的编码阅读框(ORF),用原核表达载体p ET32a(+)构建p ET32a/SIRT3重组质粒,用异丙基–β–D–硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)将重组质粒p ET32a/STRT3在大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)进行诱导表达,并用镍柱纯化融合表达蛋白。结果显示,红鳍东方鲀SIRT3基因(tr SIRT3)ORF区大小为1 263 bp大小,编码420个氨基酸。经IPTG诱导表达后,获得1个带组氨酸(His)标签的融合蛋白,目的蛋白主要存在于上清溶液中,为可溶性表达。用镍离子亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化,获得了相对分子质量约66 000的重组蛋白。     

姜黄素通过SIRT1/FOXO1通路缓解玉米赤霉烯酮诱导的猪肾上皮细胞氧化损伤

【目的】探究姜黄素(Cur)对玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)诱导猪肾上皮细胞(PK-15)氧化损伤的保护作用，并基于SIRT1/FOXO1信号通路阐明其作用机制，为姜黄素的兽医临床应用提供依据。【方法】试验分为5组：对照组、ZEA组(36.55μg·mL^-1 ZEA)、Cur 6.25组(36.55μg·mL^-1 ZEA+6.25μmol·L^-1 Cur)、Cur 12.5组(36.55μg·mL^-1 ZEA+12.5μmol·L^-1 Cur)、Cur 25组(36.55μg·mL^-1 ZEA+25μmol·L^-1 Cur)；通过MTT法测定ZEA的半数抑制浓度和Cur对PK-15细胞的最大安全浓度；使用倒置显微镜观察PK-15细胞的形态变化；采用试剂盒检测细胞内活性氧(ROS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)以及丙二醛(MDA)的水平；qRT-PCR检测细胞SIRT1、FOXO1、CAT、Mn-SOD的mRNA水平；West...     

去乙酰化酶SIRT1在猪不同组织中的表达规律性分析

[目的]分析去乙酰化酶SIRT1在猪不同组织中的表达规律性,为研究猪SIRT1基因功能奠定基础.[方法]采用RT-PCR和Western blotting方法检测猪脑、肝脏、胰脏、脂肪、卵巢、肾脏、心脏、脾脏等组织中SIRT1基因mRNA和蛋白的表达量.[结果]在猪脑、肝脏、胰脏、脂肪、卵巢、肾脏、心脏、脾脏等组织中均有SIRT1 mRNA和蛋白表达,且以卵巢组织中的表达量最高,心脏中的表达量最低.[结论]去乙酰化酶SIRT1在猪不同组织中的表达具有一定规律性,可能与猪的脂肪代谢和繁殖活动密切相关,直接或间接调节猪的能量代谢和生殖活动.     

Genetic mechanisms of tumor suppression by the human p53 gene

Mutations of the gene encoding p53, a 53-kilodalton cellular protein, are found frequently in human tumor cells, suggesting a crucial role for this gene in human oncogenesis. To model the stepwise mutation or loss of both p53 alleles during tumorigenesis, a human osteosarcoma cell line, Saos-2, was used that completely lacked endogenous p53. Single copies of exogenous p53 genes were then introduced by infecting cells with recombinant retroviruses containing either point-mutated or wild-type versions of the p53 cDNA sequence. Expression of wild-type p53 suppressed the neoplastic phenotype of Saos-2 cells, whereas expression of mutated p53 conferred a limited growth advantage to cells in the absence of wild-type p53. Wild-type p53 was phenotypically dominant to mutated p53 in a two-allele configuration. These results suggest that, as with the retinoblastoma gene, mutation of both alleles of the p53 gene is essential for its role in oncogenesis.     

TRAIL与5-FU联合诱导白血病细胞凋亡的分子机理研究

用凋亡诱导配体（TRAIL）及5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）联合刺激Jurkat细胞36h,以诱导细胞凋亡;用流式细胞术和MTS比色法检测细胞存活率,计算细胞凋亡率;用免疫印迹（western b-lotting）检测p53的表达和胱天肽酶-3、胱天肽酶-8的变化。结果表明：5-FU能有效增加TRAIL诱导的Jurkat细胞凋亡,并伴随p53表达增加及胱天肽酶-3和胱天肽酶-8的活性增加,提示TRAIL和5-FU联合诱导的T淋巴白血病细胞凋亡的分子机制与p53及胱天肽酶-3、胱天肽酶-8有关,为TRAIL和5-FU联合用于治疗白血病提供理论依据。