Experimental Study about Activated Water Produced by the Method of Electro-hydraulic Impulse Improving the Mechanical Performance of Mortar

图１微型库平面示意射阳地区气候湿润、四季多雨，蒜薹味甜微辣、脆嫩、鲜绿、耐贮，主要分布在藕耕、千秋、临海、六垛等地区。种植面积达１．３万ｈｍ２，总贮量达４０００～８０００万ｔ，已成为当地蒜农的经济支柱和政府产业结构调整的重点方向。但蒜薹采收期一般在５月１０日左右，正值高温季节，采收时间仅４～５天，常因销售不及时而造成大量损失。为此蒜农和地方政府极为重视蒜薹采后贮藏保鲜、减损、保值、增值工作。当地政府于２０００～２００１年先后引进３５座微型节能冷库简称微型库，使以前只有依靠国家经费或贷款才能建造的…     

Channel estimation for MB OFDM UWB system based on tap detecting

A novel channel estimation algorithm is proposed for MB OFDM Ultra Wide Band systems based on tap detecting by exploiting the sparse property of channel impulse response. The channel parameters are estimated using the DFT algorithm based on cyclic convolution property of the receive signals. The nonzero taps are detected by exploiting the matching pursuit(MP) algorithm. The new estimated channel parameters are obtained by forcing the zero taps to zeros. Simulation results demonstrate that it has better MSE (mean square error) performance for the four channels proposed by IEEE. Especially for CM1 and CM2 channels, the performance of the algorithm has been greatly improved.     

Development of an automated monitoring device to quantify changes in firmness of apples during storage

An automated firmness monitoring system for apples was developed to estimate loss of firmness during storage and determine the time when cool stores should be opened. The non-destructive acoustic impulse response technique was chosen to measure firmness. This technique was very reproducible and its sensitivity to firmness changes was greater than the sensitivity of penetrometer measurements with a materials testing device. The correlation between the acoustic impulse response technique and penetrometer varied according to the apple cultivar and freshness. The developed automated fruit firmness monitoring system is composed of a rotating disc on which a representative fruit sample is located, an electromagnetic excitation mechanism, and an optical sensor to detect the position of the apples. A microphone records the apple vibrations at impact and is linked to a computer with a data acquisition and analysis programme, which is placed outside the cool store. A first-order degradation model, fitted to the measured firmness data, is used to estimate the time when the cool stores should be opened to guarantee an average firmness after storage.     

LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL USING DECOMPOSED DISCRETE MODELS

Decomposed discrete models, can be used to design load frequency' controllers in multi-area power systems.Considering the exchanging real power in tie-lines as a measurable disturbance, the multi-area power system is decomposed into several subsystems.On the basis of generalized minimum variance control principles, an expanded control rule is induced. Using discrete models, the proposed method greatly decreases the number of varialles in be measured and simplifies the control system. The method is illustrated with a two-area power system example and its simulation Jesuits.     

Application of at Algorithm in Shoe Last Deformation Design

Deformation design is main content of shoe last CAD system. This paper introduces adaptive tangency (AT) algorithm, which is used to calculate the sectional curve when a known plane section shoe last under a discrete model, and describes its application in shoe last deformation design. Shoe last data can be converted each other in shoe last deformation design, which ensures data format standardized in whole CAD procedure. The detailed algorithm in deformation design is fulfilled and an actual example is given, which shows AT algorithm's application is successful.     

Optimum Design of New-style Impulse Variable Speed Device Based on Invariable Impulse Value

The impulse value of a impulse mechanism has a notable influence on the dynamics capability of impulse variable speed device. Basing on this point, the authors take crank-rocker mechanism in series with slider-crank mechanism as impulse mechanism when we design the impulse variable speed device. The link used to adjust the speed is applied in slider-crank mechanism which has no quick-return characteristic, so the advance-to return-time ratio keeps stable when we adjust its speed. The speed fluctuation also keeps invariable. The new method overcome the default that this kind of impulse variable speed device has a notable speed fluctuation. At the same time, ADAMS software is used to optimize and show the real motion law. From the simulation result we can get the speed fluctuation is down to 18% in the whole process. The change of speed fluctuation is down to 1%. The result is better than other mechanism like this category.     

Experiment on Activation of Black Soil by Electro-hydraulic Impulse

The activation of black soil (analog the lignite) by electro-hydraulic impulse is proposed. The abundant insoluble nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other organic elements in black soil are activated as the green fertilizer by this way. The new method is provided for activating sludge produced by treating wastewater. For several kinds of black soil, the experiment result indicates that electro-hydraulic impulse increases the percentage of absorbable nitrogen by 1 to 4 times and the percentage of insoluble organic elements by 4 times, which is a valuable reference to sludge treatment.     

Electromechanical coupling experimental analysis of permanent magnet AC servo precision drive system

To research the dynamic characteristics of the permanent magnet AC servo precision drive system coupled with multi-factors, the experiment system is constructed with PMAC as the core and IPC as the support platform. Through software prototype system, response signals such as the current, speed and torque are acquired when the system is in the no-load and in the loading operating state, then the theoretical analysis results are compared with the experimental results. So the experiment validates that the electromechanical coupling analysis of the system is correct. This research helps to analyze the influence mechanism and law that the design parameters and electromechanical coupling parameters exerted on the system performance. At the same time, the research is beneficial for dynamic design of the permanent magnet AC servo precision drive system.     

Reliability-aware schedule of periodic tasks in energy-constrained real-time systems

The Dynamic Voltage Scaling(DVS)technology which is widely used in numerous energy management schedule has negative effect on system reliability. Based on the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC), two noble reliability-aware schedule algorithms are proposed for DVS systems with discrete frequencies, which will meet the energy constraint and deadline naturally while maximize the reliability of the system. The simulation results indicate that the dynamic schedule algorithm outperforms the static schedule algorithm, and its performance is close to that of the optimal scheduler that knows the exact workload in advance.     

DIGITAL POWER SYSTEM STABILIZER ( DPSS )

A digital power system stabilizer ( DPSS ) and its design method are presented in this paper. The mathematical model of a single machine infinite bus power system is obtained using off-line parameter identifications, and on the base of the identified model the control system is synthesized by generalized minimum variance control principles. Through feedback combination of several signals this control system has double functions of damping low frequency oscillation and automatic voltage regulating. In order to avoid static errors the very effective way is to combine discrete generalized minimum variance control with continuous integral control. Besides the proposed control strategy is very simple in structures and very easy to realize. Simulation results under several cases have shown the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

AGGREGATION METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION IN SYSTEM DESIGN

A new aggregation method for order reduction of linear continuous or discrete systems is proposed in this paper. This method is easy for system design and it makes the structure of the controller and the state observer simple. It also reduces the computation of the system design.     

The Active DC Filter Based on Hysteresis Controller on the DC Side of HVDC

For Passive Active Hybrid filtering system on the DC side of HVDC system, the controller based on Hysteresis method is presented, and the corresponding control circuits are also designed in this paper. Simulation results show very fast dynamic response and excellent compensating performance by using the proposed controller and the designed circuits.     

Genetic variability and inheritance of aluminium tolerance as indicated by long root regrowth in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.)

The objective of this study was to quantify the genetic variability and determine the inheritance of Al tolerance in lucerne (or alfalfa) using a 4-parent diallel mating design. Regrowth root length (RRL), along with root length (RL) and total root length (TRL), was measured to indicate relative Al stress response using a hydroponic system in a 3 μM Al solution at pH 4.5. A diallel analysis indicated the significance of general combining ability (gca) variance for RRL but not the specific combining ability (sca) variance; the same result was obtained for TRL but not for RL. For both RRL and TRL, genetic variance appeared to be more important than the environmental variance. For RRL, a strong but non-significant correlation was indicated between parental performance and their gca effects; while mid-parent heterosis and/or over-dominance were detected, as associated with the expressed sca effects in several combinations. These results suggest the complex genetic nature and expression of Al tolerance in the 4-parent diallel crossing system tested. Al-tolerant parent, GAAT‘S’, was the most promising parent, conferring the highest gca effects for RRL as well as for other two characters. The existence of significant gca variance in RRL may also suggest the feasibility of improving Al tolerance through enhanced root regrowth using phenotypic recurrent mass selection to pyramid desirable Al-tolerant genes, focussing on parental lines and/or elite individual plants expressing long regrowth roots.     

Product for the CAI of the Digital-Circuit-Curriculum Based on Simple-MPC

Combined with the characteristics of the digital circuit curriculum,this paper shows a full performance of the product for the CAI system of the digital circuit curriculum(CSDCC) based on simple MPC. CSDCC includes four parts:system design, classroom teaching, ICAI system, experiment teaching. From construction to details, the system design module is designed to complete the design of he system is bottom database.Providing three kinds of teaching style : commonness, practice, hyperText , the classroom teaching module completes teaching for the whole contents of and the ICAI system module gives the product, which is the ICAI system of the K map Simplification of Logical Function.     

Dynamic Relationships Among Regional and Nationwide Manufacturing

The purpose of this paper is to examine how regional manufacturing responds to a decline in manufacturing activity nationwide. A trivariate VAR model of the relationships between the Federal Reserve Board's Industrial Production Index for manufacturing, and two regional manufacturing output indexes is estimated. The regions considered correspond to the Fifth and the Seventh Federal Reserve Districts. A negative shock in the national index is imposed on the system to demonstrate the following: durations and general patterns of the impulse responses; severity of the responses in the two patterns; reaction times; and interregional differences in response patterns. The findings indicate that the response patterns generally differ between the regions.     

黄土高原层状云系发展阶段的云物理特征及降水机制分析

由于对复杂云结构特征认识与实时监测识别能力的限制,当前的人工增雨实际作业中,催化最佳时机、最佳部位的判定还是非常困难的,为充分发挥地基、空基和遥感等先进探测装备的作用,建立最佳作业潜力区的实时识别技术,利用2010年4月20日机载DMT云粒子测量、GPS、雷达和卫星等对山西省层状云系发展阶段的探测资料,分析云的微物理结构特征及降水机制,对提高人工影响天气催化作业的科学性具有重要意义,同时为短时临近预报提供新的依据。结果表明：本次探测层状云系发展阶段为多层结构,垂直方向上有3层云,云层之间夹有2个干层,云系厚度约为4500 m,较深厚,高层是冰云Cs,中低层是冷性的As和Ns,符合自然“播种—供水”的降水机制。垂直方向对应3个丰水区,在5400~5600 m高度的丰水区,对应温度为-9~-11.2℃左右,是云粒子快速增长区,凝华增长和冰晶聚合是该区的主要物理过程,3600 m附近大量过冷水存在为降水粒子的长大提供了较好的条件,2800~3200 m高度层（0℃层附近）为融化和碰并增长层。从高层至低层,云粒子谱型有较强的规律性。从本次飞机观测云的结果来看,层积云粒子谱型在降雨形成前,主要为单峰型,降雨形成初期为双峰型。大云滴和部分小冰晶粒子谱型均呈多峰分布,且在800 μm以下出现了明显的不连续现象。探测过程中云粒子浓度在较大的时空范围内起伏较小,而相应时空范围内冰晶粒子浓度均小于10 /L,该云区对于实施人工催化是非常有利的。     

陆地棉亚红株突变体基因的初步定位

陆地棉亚红株突变体PD-17与GK19杂交F₁代表现出良好的光合作用效率,具有较高的超亲优势,是潜在的优良种质资源。寻找与该突变基因Rs连锁的分子标记并进行染色体定位,对于该基因的进一步精细定位或克隆具有重要的意义。以亚红株突变体PD-17与GK19配置的BC1群体为作图群体,选用覆盖棉花所有已鉴定染色体及大多数连锁群的419对SSR引物,利用BSA（bulked segregation analysis）法筛选有多态性差异引物,然后根据群体单株基因型进行作图分析。结果显示,位于第7条染色体上的5个分子标记与Rs基因相连锁,SSR标记BNL2634与Rs基因的遗传距离较小,约为10.3 cM,SSR标记CIR393位于Rs基因另一侧,与Rs基因的遗传距离约为29.1 cM,由此,可将Rs基因定位于第7染色体上。     

Comparative Analysis of Heat Exchange Performance ofEnergy Piles and Borehole Heat Exchangers in GSHP System

Due to their enhanced cost-effectiveness and efficiency over traditional borehole exchangers, energy piles are increasingly used in Ground Sourced Heat Pump (GSHP) projects. In this paper, the structural characteristics of these two types of heat exchangers and their heat transfer mechanism were discussed firstly. The thermal response tests (TRT) were performed on two testing energy piles in one GSHP project in Nanjing, China. The TRT results were then used to verify the numerical simulations, which suggests that the heat exchange performance of energy piles is superior to that of the traditional borehole exchangers. Meanwhile, the numerical simulation method used in this paper was considered applicable to the optimization design of ground heat exchangers in GSHP system.     

Design optimization of magneto-rheological damper based on finite element parametric language

The mountain hazards like snow avalanches, landslides, rock falls, debris flows and so on all have strong power of destruction which seriously threaten human’s lives and belongings. Therefore, it is necessary to study more the development of these disasters in order to prevent them. Setting up obstacles is the primary measure to control the movement and deposition process of mountain hazards. For the study of the influence of this measure on the development of disasters, the numerical simulation calculation aiming at the flow and deposition process of the granulars flowing past different built obstacles was made by the theory of SH granular flow and the method of finite volume discretization based on Roe's Scheme. Futhermore, the influence of different settings of obstacles on the granular flow is discussed. The numerical results show that the settings of obstacles have a great effect on the process of granular flow. That is, the effective precaution against the disasters is no other than setting up the obstacles correctly. As the numerical simulation calculation can optimize the setting of obstacle, it provides a reasonable and economic reference scheme of disaster prevention and planning of mountain area.     

Analysis of Genetic Polymorphic SSR Markers in Germplasm Resources of the Natural Colored Cotton

Short sequence repeats (microsatellite,SSR) and expressed sequence tags-SSR (EST-SSR) markers were employed to analyze the genetic diversity of natural colored cotton varieties.About 490 pairs of SSR markers spanning the 26 chromosomes were selected from the cotton microsatellite database,they were composed of the NAU,BNL,MUSS,and CIR markers,and there was one marker every 5 cM on average.