猪细小病毒、伪狂犬病病毒和猪圆环病毒2型多重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

根据猪细小病毒(PPV)、伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)的基因序列,分别选取各自的保守区段设计引物,通过反应条件的优化,建立了检测PPV、PRV和PCV-2的多重PCR方法.用建立的方法对采自陕西省部分猪场的286份病料及血样进行检测,从对临床健康猪全血样品中PPV、PRV和PCV-2的检测结果看...     

基于多重PCR的寡核苷酸基因芯片检测猪瘟病毒,猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒及猪圆环病毒1型和2型

为了建立一种可同时检测区分猪瘟病毒(CSFV),猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒(PRRSV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)的寡核苷酸基因芯片方法,本研究针对每种病毒设计了4条～6条寡核苷酸探针,检测低限为1.6×104PCV-2拷贝数/μL,1.6×104CSFV拷贝数/μL,1.6×105PRRSV拷贝数/μL,比琼脂糖凝胶灵敏约10倍。利用建立的寡核苷酸基因芯片方法对76个仔猪样本进行了检测,检出了3种病毒的存在,其中25个样本(32.9%)同时感染了2种以上病毒。结果表明寡核苷酸基因芯片检测是一种快速、灵敏和高效的猪只混合感染病毒的病原学诊断方法。     

猪圆环病毒研究进展

近年来猪圆环病毒感染给养猪业的健康发展带来巨大威胁。猪感染圆环病毒后可引起的疾病有猪断奶后多系统衰弱综合征(PMWS)、猪皮炎和肾病综合征(PDNS)、猪呼吸系统衰弱综合征(PRDC)等。近年来,基于PMWS而对PCV所做的研究工作不断深入,对病毒的相关特性有了较为清晰的认识。论文就近年来猪圆环病毒的致病性、流行病学、诊断及防控等方面的研究进展做一综述。     

我国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型和猪细环病毒混合感染的调查

为了解猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)和猪细环病毒(TTV)混合感染情况,用PCR方法对来自湖南、江西、广东、福建和广西五省区的193份猪组织样品进行PCV-2、TTV-1和TTV-2进行检测。结果显示,PCV-2感染率为61.1%(118/193),PCV-2和TTV-1混合感染率为32.1%(62/193),PCV-2和TTV-2混合感染率为16.9%(32/193),3种病原混合感染率为9.8%(19/193),2006年PCV-2和TTV的混合感染率最高。由此可见,目前猪群中存在PCV-2和猪TTV的混合感染,PCV-2和TTV-1型混合感染率高于和TTV-2型的混合感染率,且存在一定比例的三重感染情况。     

Association of porcine circovirus 2 with porcine respiratory disease complex

A retrospective study was performed on natural cases of porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) to determine the association and prevalence of PRDC with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and other co-existing pathogens in Korea. Histologically, alveolar septa were markedly thickened by infiltrates of mononuclear cells. Moderate to marked multifocal peribronchial and peribronchiolar fibrosis were present and often extended into the airway lamina propria. Among the 105 pigs with PRDC, 85 were positive for PCV2, 66 were positive for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), 60 were positive for porcine parvovirus (PPV), and 14 were positive for swine influenza virus (SIV). There were 80 co-infections and 25 single infections. A co-infection of PCV2 with another additional bacterial pathogen is frequently diagnosed in PRDC. The combination of PCV2 and Pasteurella multocida (38 cases) was most prevalent followed by PCV2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (33 cases). The consistent presence of PCV2, but lower prevalence of other viral and bacterial pathogens in all pigs examined with PRDC, has led us to speculate that PCV2 plays an important role in PRDC.     

猪瘟病毒和不同型猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立

为建立能同时检测猪瘟病毒(CSFV)和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的方法,针对CSFV和PRRSV的基因序列设计3对特异性引物,第1对引物扩增CSFV毒株NS2基因508bp片段,第2对引物扩增PRRSV美洲型经典毒株和变异毒株Nsp2基因338bp/248bp片段,第3对引物扩增PRRSV欧洲型毒株ORF5基因614bp片段。经过反应条件的优化,建立了能同时检测并区分CSFV毒株和PRRSV美洲型经典毒株、变异毒株及欧洲型毒株的多重RT-PCR方法。该方法可以特异扩增CSFV和PRRSV,而与猪口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)均无交叉反应;对CSFV和PRRSV 4种重组质粒标准品的检出下限均为1.67×103拷贝/μL。对采集的106份临床疑似病料进行检测,结果CSFV和PRRSV变异株混合阳性4份,占3.77%(4/106);CSFV阳性7份,占6.60%(7/106);PRRSV变异株阳性17份,占16.04%(17/106)。结果表明,建立的多重RT-PCR检测方法可以用于CSFV和PRRSV的临床快速鉴别诊断和流行病学调查。     

猪瘟病毒与猪圆环病毒2型混合感染的检测

对广西南宁市、贵港市、崇左市共5个规模化猪场送检病猪的组织器官样品(脾脏和淋巴结),应用已建立的检测猪瘟病毒(CSFV)的RT-PCR技术和检测圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)的PCR技术,快速准确地扩增出了CSFV和PCV-2特异的目的基因片段,从而证实为猪瘟病毒和猪圆环病毒2型混合感染。     

某规模化猪场伪狂犬病的诊断

河南平顶山某猪场母猪出现较严重的流产和产死胎现象,且50日龄~70日龄仔猪出现神经症状,根据临床表现初步诊断为伪狂犬病。为排除猪繁殖与呼吸综合征和猪瘟,进行了实验室诊断。应用ELISA方法检测发病保育猪及母猪血清的伪狂犬病病毒野毒株gE抗体,并对发病仔猪病料进行了伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)和猪瘟病毒(CSFV)的实时荧光定量PCR检测。结果显示,伪狂犬病病毒野毒抗体阳性,实时荧光定量PCR检测确定仔猪病料中PRV核酸阳性,PRRSV和CSFV核酸阴性。结合临床症状及实验室检测,确诊该猪场发生的是猪伪狂犬病。     

猪伪狂犬病毒PCR检测方法的优化

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病毒(Pseudorabies virus,PRV)引起的一种疱疹病毒性疾病,在世界大部分地区都是地方性家畜流行病。而且猪伪狂犬病与其他猪传染病不易区分,因此,建立一个特异性强的检测方法对于其诊断具有重要意义。实验是在实验室已经建立伪狂犬病毒单项PCR检测方法的基础上,对扩增条件进行优化后对其特异性进行了验证。结果发现,优化后的方法特异性好,只有猪伪狂犬病毒扩增为阳性,其余DNA病毒:猪细小病毒、猪圆环病毒Ⅰ型(PCV1)、猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型(PCV2)均呈现阴性。因此,本研究方法可以为今后实验室检测猪伪狂犬病毒提供参考。     

猪圆环病毒检测技术研究进展

猪圆环病毒(PCV)分为1型(PCV-1)和2型(PCV-2).PCV-1一般认为无致病性,而PCV-2是断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PWMS)的主要致病因子;此外,猪皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)、仔猪先天性震颤(CT)等疾病也与PCV-2有关.在临床上PCV-2常与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪流感病毒(SIV)等病毒混合感染,PCV-2相关疾病已经给世界养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失.然而,由于该病常常和上述几种疾病混合感染,且其临床症状十分类似,所以仅仅依靠单一的临床症状或者某一种实验室诊断方法并不能有效的检测该病.因此,将目前诊断PCV-2的各种方法集中起来,分析其优缺点,从而可以根据实验室的具体情况采取合适的方法是诊断该病的关键.论文就目前PCV-2的检测技术做一介绍.     

A review of porcine circovirus 2-associated syndromes and diseases

Clinical expression of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection in swine may result in several distinct syndromes and diseases including post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), reproductive failure, porcine respiratory disease complex, granulomatous enteritis, necrotizing lymphadenitis, and possibly exudative epidermitis. Association of PCV2 with congenital tremor in piglets is still controversial. The extent of the involvement of PCV2 in swine disease other than PMWS is currently poorly understood. This review concentrates on PCV-2-associated syndromes and diseases other than PMWS.     

Establishment of a Duplex Real-time RT-PCR Assay for the Differential Detection of Nipha Virus and Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

To establish a rapid,sensitive and specific assay for the differential detection of Nipah virus (NiV) and highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV),a duplex Real-time RT-PCR was developed with specific primers and probes targeting to the special sequences of NiV M gene and HP-PRRSV nsp2 gene by optimization of reaction conditions.The performance of the assay was linear ranging from 4.6×10¹ to 4.6×10⁷ copies/μL for RNA standard control of NiV M (NiV-M-RNA) and from 4.1×10¹ to 4.1×10⁸ copies/μL for RNA standard control of HP-PRRSV nsp2 (HP-PRRSV-nsp2-RNA),and detection limits of the assay was 46 copies for the NiV-M-RNA and 4.1 copies for the HP-PRRSV-nsp2-RNA,respectively.The coefficients of variation (CVs) of both inter-assay and intra-assay repeatability were less than 2.0%,showing good repeatability.The assay was able to specifically detect NiV and HP-PRRSV simultaneously without cross-reaction with classical swine fever virus (CSFV),porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV),swine influenza virus (SIV),porcine parvovirus (PPV),pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2).Of the 236 samples from pigs for both NiV and HP-PRRSV detection by the established assay,all the samples were negative for NiV,8 samples were HP-PRRSV positive.In conclusion,this assay offers a useful approach for the differential detection of NiV and HP-PRRSV in clinical specimens from the pigs.     

一种鉴别尼帕病毒和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒二重荧光RT-PCR检测方法的建立

为建立一种快速、敏感和特异地鉴别尼帕病毒(NiV)和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HP-PRRSV)的检测方法,本试验以NiV M基因和HP-PRRSV nsp2基因为靶序列,通过优化反应条件建立了一种二重荧光RT-PCR检测方法,并对该方法的特异性、定量线性范围、敏感性和重复性进行了评价及初步应用.结果显示,用该方法检测NiV M基因和HP-PRRSV nsp2基因的RNA标准对照(NiV-M-RNA和HP-PRRSV-nsp2-RNA),线性范围分别为4.6×10¹~4.6×10⁷和4.1×10¹~4.1×10⁸拷贝/μL;最低检出限分别为46和4.1拷贝;该方法组内试验和组间试验的变异系数均小于2.0%,显示出良好的可重复性;该方法仅对NiV和HP-PRRSV呈现特异性扩增曲线,不与猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪流感病毒(SIV)、猪细小病毒(PPV)、猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)发生交叉反应.用该方法对236份猪实际样品进行NiV和HP-PRRSV核酸检测,所有样本的NiV检测结果均为阴性,8份样本的HP-PRRSV检测结果为阳性.本研究建立的方法为猪实际样本中NiV和HP-PRRSV的鉴别检测提供了一种快速、敏感和特异的技术手段.     

规模化猪场猪圆环病毒2型感染的实验室诊断

为了确诊贵州省某规模化猪场保育仔猪异常死亡原因,从怀孕母猪、产房母猪、后备母猪、种公猪、哺乳仔猪、保育仔猪6个猪群采集90份血清样本采用ELISA方法分别进行血清抗体检测,并对采集的90份血清样本和1份病死猪淋巴结组织采用荧光PCR方法进行病原学检测。结果:6个猪群综合的猪瘟病毒、猪蓝耳病病毒、伪狂犬病病毒g B蛋白、伪狂犬病病毒g E蛋白血清抗体阳性率分别为87.78%、70.00%、88.89%、4.44%;猪瘟病毒、猪蓝耳病病毒、伪狂犬病病毒病原核酸检测显示阴性,猪圆环病毒2型病原核酸检测淋巴结组织样本显示阳性。试验结果表明,引起该猪场保育仔猪死亡的原因为猪圆环病毒2型感染。同时,怀孕母猪群出现了伪狂犬病病毒g E蛋白抗体阳性,提示怀孕母猪群可能存在猪伪狂犬病野毒感染。     

猪瘟病毒猪细小病毒猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒猪伪狂犬病病毒多重PCR方法的建立以及初步应用

猪瘟病毒、猪细小病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒及猪伪狂犬病病毒均能导致猪繁殖障碍,对养猪生产影响很大。本研究通过设计4对针对这4种病毒的特异引物建立了多重PCR方法,分别对其最佳反应条件、特异性及敏感性进行了测定,结果表明:其敏感性可达到CSFV 10 TCID50,PPV 10TCID50,PRRSV 1 TCID50,PRV 100 TCID50 CSFV 10TCID50,PPV 10TCID50,PRRSV 1 TCID50,PRV 100 TCID50。同时具有较好的特异性,对猪瘟病毒石门株、猪瘟病毒兔化弱毒株、PRV闽南A株、PPV弱毒疫苗株、PRRSV KY 35株及PRRSV B13株6个毒株均能扩增出相应的片段,而BVDV、BDV均未扩增出相应的片段。本方法的建立对于这4种病毒病的早期快速检测具有十分重要的意义。     

双重RT-PGR方法检测猪流感病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒

为建立特异、敏感的猪流感病毒(SIV)和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的双重RT-PCR检测方法,本研究根据GenBank登录的SIV M基因保守序列和PRRSV美洲型毒株的N基因保守序列,设计合成了2对特异引物,通过对扩增条件的优化,建立检测SIV和PRRSV的双重RT-PCR方法.检测结果显示:该方法可同时扩增出SIV(345 bp)和PRRSv(520 bp)的特异性片段;而猪瘟病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒、猪细小病毒、猪圆环病毒2型及阴性鸡胚尿囊液核酸扩增结果均为阴性;对SIV和PRRSV 2种病毒混合液的最小检出量分别为102 EID50/0.1 mL和103TCID50/0.1 mL.应用双重RT-PCR和病毒分离法对12份临床疑似样品进行对比检测,结果表明:除双重RT-PCR检测到双阳性的3份混合感染病料中1份未分离到PRRSV外,其余2份均分离出病毒.证明该方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性,可以用于临床样品的早期快速检测.     

Porcine circovirus type 2 decreases the infection and replication of attenuated classical swine fever virus in porcine alveolar macrophages

Recently, it has been noted that porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection adversely affects the protective efficacy of Lapinized Philippines Coronel (LPC) vaccine, an attenuated strain of classical swine fever virus (CSFV), in pigs. In order to investigate the possible mechanisms of the PCV2-derived interference, an in vitro model was established to study the interaction of LPC virus (LPCV) and PCV2 in porcine alveolar macrophages (AMs). The results showed that PCV2 reduced the LPCV infection in AMs and the levels of PCV2-derived interference were dose-dependent. The PCV2-derived interference also reduced the replication level of LPCV in AMs. The full-length PCV2 DNA and its fragment DNA C9 CpG-ODN were involved in the reduction of LPCV infection in AMs, whereas UV-inactivated PCV2 was not. In addition, a moderate negative correlation between the LPCV antigen-containing rate and IFN-γ production was observed, and had a dose-dependent trend with the level of PCV2-inoculation. The results of the present study may partially explain how PCV2 infection interferes with the efficacy of LPC vaccine.     

First report of porcine circovirus type 2 infections in Cuba

To obtain information about the porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection status of pigs in Cuba and the probable association of PCV2 with other porcine viruses, tissue samples collected from ill pigs were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR analysis showed that 67.7% of the samples (23/34) from seven swine herds of six different geographic regions were detected to be positive for PCV2. Ten of the 23 PCV2 positive samples (43.5%) shown a concurrent infection with porcine parvovirus (PPV) and 17 of 23 PCV2 positive samples (73.9%) exhibited a concomitant infection with classical swine fever virus (CSFV). This study is the first report of PCV2 infecting pigs with different clinical conditions in Cuban swine herds and provides evidence of PCV2 co-infection with PPV and CSFV in the field.     

青海地区猪流行性腹泻的病原诊断

对青海地区疑似猪流行性腹泻病料进行了细菌学和轮状病毒核酸电泳的诊断。试验结果:排除了致病菌和轮状病毒的病原感染;乳猪回归试验,复制出与自然病例相同的临床症状;病料经处理后与猪流行性腹泻病毒免疫血清发生特异性凝集;与猪传染性胃肠炎病毒荧光抗体染色呈阴性反应;与猪流行性腹泻病毒免疫血清进行间接荧光染色时,在细胞浆内见到了特异性荧光;电镜观察到冠状病毒科的病毒颗粒。从而确诊青海地区猪流行性腹泻病原为猪流行性腹泻病毒,代号为PEDV—青毒1株。