不同光质果袋春夏季节套袋对番茄果实发育及品质的影响

通过测定分析透过5种不同果袋的光质组成,并以"东圣一号"番茄品种为试材,研究5种果袋果穗套袋处理对果实发育的微环境、鲜重增长率、产量、主要营养成分及生理病害等的影响。结果显示,套袋后,袋内光照强度极显著降低,光质组成中400 nm以下的短波紫外光减少,红膜袋内400～600 nm的光锐减;相对湿度普遍提高;温度有不同程度的变化。套袋后,番茄果实鲜重增长率、硬度、果形指数、单果重和穗果重均无显著变化;果实着色提早,成熟整齐度高;果实中番茄红素含量增加,Vc、游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质含量均无显著变化。鲜膜袋处理的果实固形物含量显著降低,红膜袋处理的可溶性糖含量极显著降低,白膜袋处理的有机酸含量显著降低。套袋后,番茄果实畸形果、穿孔果、脐部黑疤发生率降低,但裂果率提高,果梗容易增粗。春夏季节套袋有利于番茄果实发育和着色,袋材首选紫膜袋,次选白膜袋。     

套袋对妃子笑荔枝挂果及果实品质的影响

就妃子笑荔枝套袋后袋内温度对挂果、果实生长发育和品质的影响进行研究，结果表明：套袋明显地提高了保果率，增加了单果重量，使果面着色均匀，农药残留显著降低，是实现优质、高产，生产绿色果品的重要方法。     

番石榴果实套袋及效益

番石榴果实套袋后减少了果实蝇的为害,提高了果的品质,增加产量,经济效益非常显著,经试验套袋的产量和产值比不套袋提高40%以上.     

云和雪梨套袋试验初报

云和雪梨套袋试验结果表明,套袋能有效提高果实的外观品质,降低果实病虫伤果率,而对单果重量和果实可溶性固形物含量影响并不明显。其中,选用外黄内白双层果袋效果最好。     

套袋对“寒富”苹果果实香气成分的影响

套袋是我国苹果生产的一项关键技术,而目前有关套袋技术的研究主要集中于果实微域环境、果皮结构、果皮抗逆能力、果实品质等方面, 很少考虑果袋对果实内质的影响。果实香气是果实内质的主要组成部分, 对果实的风味起重要作用, 但是关于果袋材质对果实风味的影响鲜见报道。研究不同材质果袋对苹果果实香气的影响, 可为有效调控果实香气、提高果实品质提供依据, 为更科学合理地选择果袋、完善套袋技术措施、研发新型果袋提供参考。本研究采用静态顶空和气相色谱/质谱联用技术, 研究了套用不同材质果袋(塑膜袋、双层纸袋、反光膜袋)对“寒富”苹果果实香气成分的影响。结果表明: 套袋降低了“寒富”苹果果实中芳香物质的总含量, 但不同材质果袋影响程度不同, 未套袋对照果实芳香物质总含量为0.792 μg·g^-1, 套塑膜袋果实芳香物质总含量略低于对照, 套双层纸袋果实芳香物质总含量为对照的59.97%, 套反光膜袋果实芳香物质总含量为对照的79.67%; 套袋提高了果实中酯类物质的总含量, 降低了醇类、醛类物质的总含量; “寒富”苹果果实特征香气成分为2-甲基丁酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、2-甲基丁酸己酯、己酸乙酯、己醛, 属于“酯香型”; 2-甲基丁酸乙酯为套塑膜袋和双层纸袋果实最重要的特征香气成分, 丁酸乙酯和2-甲基丁酸乙酯为套反光膜袋果实最重要的特征香气成分, 2-甲基丁酸乙酯和己醛为不套袋果实最重要的特征香气成分。果实套袋不利于重要香气成分(E)-2-己烯醛的生成, 这可能是导致套袋果实香味稍逊于不套袋果实的一个原因。     

基于自纠正NMS-ByteTrack的套袋葡萄估产方法

针对套袋后的葡萄体积增加和葡萄叶片表面积大容易出现重叠遮挡,及人工拍摄视频的速度不稳定可能导致套袋葡萄目标丢失的问题,该研究提出一种基于自纠正NMS(non-maximum suppression)-ByteTrack的套袋葡萄估产方法。该方法首先通过目标检测方法YOLOv5s检测视频中的套袋葡萄,将检测阶段的NMS操作后置到追踪阶段,保留因遮挡而被过滤的果实检测框;其次在ByteTrack的基础上加入相机运动补偿和改进的卡尔曼滤波算法,以自动纠正果实预测框的位置并进行追踪;最后提出一种划线计数策略对套袋葡萄自动计数。试验结果表明,该方法的多目标追踪准确率、多目标追踪精度和ID调和平均数分别为64.6%、82.4%和80.8%,相比ByteTrack分别提高了1.7个百分点、1.0个百分点和4.1个百分点,平均计数精度达到82.8%。因此,基于自纠正NMS-ByteTrack的估产方法能有效解决套袋葡萄的追踪计数问题,实现对套袋葡萄更精确地估产。     

不同果袋对‘渝北仙桃1号’果实品质的影响

选取5种不同果袋对‘渝北仙桃1号’进行套袋试验,结果表明:采用牛皮纸单层袋(自制)和台果特级双层纸袋(青岛)套袋的果实内在品质最好;硫酸纸单层袋(自制)套袋的果实色泽最好;果实内在品质和果实色泽综合指标以硫酸纸单层袋(自制)果袋最好。     

套黄、白袋凯特芒果采后果实糖代谢的比较研究

为探究果实生长期间套不同颜色纸袋对芒果采后果实软鼻病和贮藏特性的影响,本试验以套黄、白袋凯特芒果(Mangifera indica L.cv. Keitt)为试验材料,比较研究了两种套袋果实采后软鼻病发病率、硬度及糖代谢的差异。结果表明,在常温贮藏下(10 d),套黄袋芒果采后果实的软鼻病发病率显著低于套白袋芒果(P<0.05),而且采后果实果肉的淀粉酶、酸性转化酶(AI)、中性转化酶(NI)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性均显著低于套白袋芒果(P<0.05),因而缓解了果实淀粉含量的下降速率和蔗糖积累的速率,延缓了果实的软化成熟进程,提高了采后果实的耐贮性。另外,套袋影响采后芒果果肉的蔗糖糖代谢可能与果实软鼻病的病情发展相关。本研究为选取合理有效的芒果套袋材料提供了一定的参考依据。     

不同套袋处理对草莓荔坐果及果实品质的影响

选用白色硫酸纸袋、黄色硫酸纸袋和无纺布袋对草莓荔荔枝果实进行套袋处理试验。结果表明:3种套袋处理的保果率显著高于对照,不同类型套袋之间保果率无显著差异;白色纸袋套袋处理能够显著提高果实着色面积。     

不同套袋对香蕉主要品质和耐贮性的影响（简报）

了解果农常用的各种套袋材料和方式对香蕉采后表现的影响,探讨了11种不同的套袋处理对香蕉果实的干物质质量分数、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量、失重率和货架寿命等主要指标的影响。结果表明：不同套袋层数对香蕉干物质质量分数影响不同,以套单层袋的最高,其次为对照,双层袋的最低。不同套袋层数处理的香蕉采后失重率也不同,以对照最高,单层套袋次之,双层套袋失重率最低。不同套袋处理的香蕉货架期有一定差异,黑色塑料袋处理的香蕉货架期为6 d,蓝色塑料袋、牛皮纸袋、蓝色塑料袋+报纸、编织袋+报纸、编织袋+珍珠棉、黑色塑料袋+珍珠棉等6种套袋方式的货架期为5 d,而对照和编织袋、黑色塑料袋+报纸、蓝色塑料袋+珍珠棉等3种套袋的货架期仅为4 d。各种套袋处理均降低了香蕉的可溶性固形物含量,提高了维生素C含量。研究表明,大多数香蕉套袋有利于提高耐贮性：套袋可以减少采后香蕉的水分散失,且以双层袋的效果最好;大多数套袋有助于延长香蕉的货架期。套袋对主要品质指标有不同影响：提高了维生素C含量,降低了可溶性固形物含量;单层袋可提高干物质质量分数,但双层袋却降低干物质质量分数。该研究初步表明,从对香蕉的品质和耐贮性影响的角度看,黑色塑料薄膜袋和牛皮纸袋的效果较好,生产上最常用的蓝色袋效果较差。     

涂膜和热处理对葡萄能量和贮藏生理及品质的影响

研究不同处理对欧亚种"维多利亚"葡萄组织能量水平和生理品质的影响。采后葡萄经钙联合涂膜和热处理,即在质量分数为0.2%Ca Cl2和1%壳聚糖中浸泡20 min,45℃的0.2%Ca Cl2溶液中浸泡20 min,晾干后(4±0.5)℃贮藏,每10d测定果实的呼吸强度、褐变指数(browning index,BI)、腐烂率、硬度、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量、三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)、二磷酸腺苷(adenosine diphosphate,ADP)、单磷酸腺苷(adenosine monophosphate,AMP)的含量,多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、脂氧合酶(lipoxygenase,LOX)和超氧化物歧化酶(soperoxide dismutase,SOD)活性变化,以未处理为对照。结果显示对照组葡萄组织中能量物质处于亏损状态,呼吸强度减弱,细胞膜氧化增加,膜透性、BI、腐烂率增加,PPO、POD和LOX活性增加,SOD降低,果实软化。钙联合热和涂膜处理较好维持了果实的能量水平和生理品质,且涂膜优于热处理。ATP与硬度、SOD显著正相关(r=0.938,0.930,P0.01),与MDA、膜透性、LOX显著负相关(r=-0.896,-0.932,-0.940,P0.01);能荷(energy charge,EC)值与膜透性、LOX负相关(P0.05),与呼吸强度和SOD活性正相关(P0.05)。随贮藏时间的延长,葡萄组织的能量水平处于亏损状态,能量水平显著影响生理品质。经适当的采后处理可延缓能量亏损,涂膜优于热处理。     

Juice quality of two new mandarin-like hybrids (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan x Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) containing anthocyanins

Tacle and Clara [Monreal clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan) x Tarocco orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck)] are two new triploid citrus hybrids developed by the CRA-Istituto Sperimentale per l'Agrumicoltura (Acireale, Italy). The fruits are easy-peeling and juicy, have a pleasant taste like the Tarocco orange, and are sweet like the Monreal clementine. In addition, a distinctively attractive characteristic of these mandarin-like fruits is the red-pigmented flesh caused by the presence of anthocyanins. This study reports the juice quality attributes of fresh fruits harvested at different ripening stages and of cold-stored fruits kept for 104 days at 6+/-1 degrees C and 90-95% relative humidity. Physico-chemical analyses showed that the fresh-fruit juice yield ranged between 39 (Tacle) and 41% (Clara); these values were 11-14% lower after 104 days of storage. Vitamin C content in the Clara juice was decisively higher than that in the Tacle juice. Juice anthocyanins and other polyphenols increased during cold storage. These results show that low-temperature storage enhances the functional attributes of Tacle and Clara fruit juices.     

Study of soil respiration and fruit quality of table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in response to different soil water content in a greenhouse

ABSTRACT

To understand the response of grape (Hutai No.8) quality and soil respiration (R_s) to different soil relative water contents (SRWCs), this study was designed with three soil moisture levels (A: 80–95%, B: 60–75%, and C: 40–55% of SRWC) for grape cultivation. Meanwhile, environmental factors, including air temperature (T_a), air relative humidity, and light intensity, were also recorded. The results showed the following: (1) Through the comprehensive analysis of fruit quality by the method of subordinate function, we concluded that the optimum soil moisture treatment was 60–75% SRWC, and the soluble sugars, proanthocyanidin, and resveratrol were most abundant. In addition, vitamin C (Vc) content was the largest under C treatment. (2) Photosynthetic characteristic under high soil moisture was better than those under low soil moisture condition during grape coloring periods, and it was largest under A treatment in 2015. R_s rate was in accordance with the trend of grape photosynthesis. High soil moisture could accelerate the photosynthetic rate of grape leaves and increase R_s. (3) Correlation analysis showed that higher soil moisture and air humidity and lower soil temperature (T_s) and T_a could promote the accumulation of more nutrients in grape berries; it also could increase photosynthetic rate and R_s during grape coloring periods. In conclusion, 60–75% SRWC was the optimum soil moisture condition, which could improve the nutrient contents and accumulate more bioactive substances. Of course, keeping a lower T_s and T_a, as well as higher air humidity, was also necessary.

Abbreviations: SRWC: soil relative water content; A, 90-95% SRWC; B, 70-75% SRWC; C, 40-55% SRWC; Rs: soil respiration; Ta: air temperature; Ts: soil temperature; OPC: proanthocyanidin; TSS: total soluble solids.     

水分胁迫对日光温室葡萄叶片生理变化及果实发育的影响

为探究鲜食日光温室葡萄高效节水生产的水分管理方式,选取日光温室6a生葡萄‘红地球’为试验材料,以充分灌溉为对照[CK,土壤含水率为75%～100%的田间持水率(θf)],分别在萌芽期、新梢生长期、开花坐果期、果实膨大期、着色成熟期设置土壤含水率为55%θf(其他4个生育期为75%～100%θf)的5个水分胁迫处理,调查叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及膜质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量、果实纵横径、果实硬度、单粒重量和产量,研究日光温室葡萄叶片生理和果实产量对水分胁迫的响应机制。结果表明,在果实膨大期、着色成熟期施加水分胁迫均会显著降低葡萄叶片SOD活性和Pro含量,导致MDA含量大量积累,对叶片产生不利影响。在萌芽期、新梢生长期、开花坐果期进行水分胁迫对葡萄叶片SOD活性、Pro含量影响不大,但对叶片MDA含量的影响具有滞后效应。果实膨大期水分胁迫葡萄产量仅为14 830kg·hm–2,较CK和萌芽期、新梢生长期水分胁迫显著减产20%以上。因此,水分胁迫显著降低果实膨大期SOD活性及渗透调节物质含量,增加膜质过氧化物含量,并导致产量降低,该时期不宜进行亏水处理;生长前期的水分胁迫对葡萄叶片的生理和果实的影响不显著。     

核桃果实表面微气候环境与果实外观品质的关系

以核桃品种‘温185’为试验材料，观测树冠不同方位和冠层果实表面微气候的变化规律与果实外观品质，分析微气候与果实外观品质的相关性，以探讨核桃树冠内不同位置的果实表面微气候对果实外观品质的影响，为核桃叶幕结构优化和树体微环境调控管理提供理论依据。结果表明：（1）在冠层内不同高度，随着冠层区域由下层到上层，全发育期果实表面平均光照强度和温度均增加，平均湿度表现为下降，果实的青皮果鲜重、青皮厚度、坚果鲜重、坚果干重、坚果纵径、坚果横径、果壳厚度、仁干重均有不同程度增加，而果壳露仁率减少；（2）同一高度冠层内，果实表面微气候环境和果实品质的差异明显小于树冠下层与上层的差异，优质的核桃果实主要集中在冠层外围和上层区域；在树冠不同方位，东侧和南侧的果实表面光照强度和温度均高于北侧和西侧，但东侧果实表面湿度却大于西侧，光照强度在同一高度冠层内不同方位差异显著，温度和湿度均无显著差异；（3）树冠不同方位和不同冠层的果实外观品质差异显著，与果实表面微气候有很强的相关性，其中，果实青皮果鲜重、青皮厚度、坚果鲜重、坚果干重、坚果纵径、坚果横径、果壳厚度、仁干重与光照强度、温度均呈显著正相关，与湿度呈显著负相关；果壳露仁率与果实表面光照强度和温度呈极显著负相关，与果实表面湿度呈显著正相关，东侧和南侧树冠果实的果壳露仁率与光照强度（−0.965、−0.838）和温度的负相关性最强（−0.895、−0.878），北侧和西侧树冠与湿度正相关性最强，相关系数分别为0.929和0.945；果实表面光照强度在不同方位和冠层高度对果实品质的影响最大，果实表面温度对果实品质的影响仅次于光照强度，而果实表面湿度对果实品质的影响相对较小。树冠内相应区域果实表面微气候显著影响核桃果实结构的建成，其协同效应对核桃果实品质的影响更大；树冠东侧和南侧、上层和外围接受的光照强度和温度较好，有利于果实的生长发育；树冠中、下层和树冠中部、内部果实品质更强烈地受到微气候环境的影响，基于叶幕结构和果实品质特性的园艺措施可改善果实表面微气候环境，有利于核桃果实品质的整体提高。     

施用有机肥对葡萄植株Hg富集的影响

【目的】以葡萄果树为研究对象,研究了不同剂量Hg胁迫下施用羊粪有机肥对不同生长期葡萄植株各部位Hg富集的影响,为利用有机肥控制葡萄Hg污染提供科学依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验,每个盆钵装过5 mm筛的风干土15 kg,土壤汞含量设置0、 1.5、 25 mg/kg 3个处理水平,以HgCl2固体粉末形式施入土壤,每个水平分别设置施用有机肥和不施用有机肥两种情况。供试有机肥为羊粪,并按12.5%施入土壤,混匀后放置平衡15 d,于4月8日定植葡萄苗,每盆移栽健壮无病、 生长状况基本一致的植株1株,每个处理重复6次。【结果】不管施用有机肥与否,葡萄花瓣、 果实、 枝条和叶片中的汞含量均随土壤Hg含量的增加而明显增加,而葡萄不同部位中Hg的富集系数却呈现出显著降低的趋势,且在各部位的大小顺序为叶片花枝条果实。葡萄叶片和枝条Hg含量及其富集系数基本上表现出了幼果期最高,成熟期最低的生长期富集特征。与未施有机肥处理相比,低Hg处理施用有机肥后使开花期葡萄枝条汞含量降低了69.16%; 高Hg处理施肥后使开花期、 幼果期和成熟期葡萄枝条汞含量分别降低了50.52%、 58.33%和48.35%,并使三个时期叶片汞含量的降低幅度比低Hg处理分别高出了26%、 29.70%和37%。在土壤Hg污染下,施用有机肥的葡萄各器官汞含量均低于未施肥处理,且高Hg处理下的Hg含量降低幅度大多高于低Hg处理。不管低Hg或高Hg处理,施肥使叶片汞含量在幼果期和成熟期降低均最突出,而低Hg处理施肥使枝条汞含量在开花期降幅最高,高Hg处理在幼果期降幅最高。【结论】施用有机肥后,葡萄花、 叶片、 枝条和果实受Hg污染胁迫的影响明显减轻,尤其土壤Hg含量越高,有机肥的这种抑制作用越明显。     

Effect of different water supply on plant growth and fruit quality of Lycopersicon esculentum

It is well known from earlier work that water stress and salinity results in depressed plant growth and high fruit quality of tomato (e.g. increased sugar and acid levels), but generally is associated with a low marketable fruit yield. In the present work we investigated whether even a small reduction in water supply (without visible symptoms of water stress) also results in a high fruit quality together with high marketable fruit proportions. To characterize fruit quality sugars (glucose and fructose), titratable acids, odour-active aroma volatiles and vitamin C were investigated. Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Vanessa) were grown in soil and with the onset of fruit development water supply was varied (70% and 50% water capacity). In the treatment with lower water supply plant growth, and in particular the number of fruit settings were depressed and the sugar and vitamin C concentrations in the fruits were significantly increased, especially during fruit ripening. Furthermore, with lower water supply the concentrations of titratable acids and of C₆ aldehydes (hexanal, (Z)-3-hexenal and (E)-2-hexenal) were significantly increased in the red fruits. Fruit growth was identical in both treatments. The higher levels of sugars, titratable acids, aroma volatiles and vitamin C are responsible for the higher fruit quality under conditions of lower water supply. Since not all fruits of the well watered plants became mature, the marketable yield in both treatments was rather similar and hence, together with a higher fruit quality in the treatment with lower water supply, high proportions of marketable fruits can be harvested.     

Ultraviolet C irradiation at 0.5 kJ.m(-)(2) reduces decay without causing damage or affecting postharvest quality of star ruby grapefruit (C. paradisi Macf.)

Star Ruby grapefruit [Citrus paradisi (Macf.)] were harvested in November, February, and May, treated with ultraviolet C (UV-C) light at 0.5, 1.5, or 3.0 kJ.m(-)(2), and then stored at 7 degrees C and 90-95% relative humidity (RH) for 4 weeks with 1 additional week at 20 degrees C and approximately 80% RH. Untreated fruits were used as control. UV-C irradiation at 0.5 kJ.m(-)(2) effectively reduced decay development as compared to nontreated fruit without causing damage. Irradiation at dosages >0.5 kJ.m(-)(2) did not further improve decay control and caused rind browning and necrotic peel, the extent of damage depending on treatment dosage and harvest date. The percentage of damaged fruit after irradiation at the higher UV-C dosages was significantly higher in fruit harvested in November; differences between fruits harvested in February and May were negligible. After UV-C irradiation, the phytoalexins scoparone and scopoletin accumulated in flavedo tissue, their amounts depending on harvest date and UV-C dosage. Both phytoalexins showed similar accumulation patterns, although the concentrations of scoparone were much lower than those of scopoletin. Phytoalexin levels increased in most samples as the treatment dosage increased. No detectable levels of scoparone and scopoletin could be found in nonirradiated fruit. The influence of UV-C treatments on soluble solids concentration and titratable acidity of juice was negligible.     

高温高湿胁迫对黄瓜产量形成的影响机理

以黄瓜品种‘津优101’（Jinyou101）为试材,于2020年5-9月在南京信息工程大学人工气候室开展人工环境控制实验,以探明高温高湿复合灾害对设施黄瓜产量形成的影响机理。利用温度、湿度、持续时间三因素进行正交试验设计,昼温/夜温设置32℃/22℃、35/25℃、38℃/28℃和41℃/31℃共4个水平,空气相对湿度设置50%、70%和90%共3个水平（湿度变化范围控制在±5个百分点）,持续时间设计3、6、9和12d。以昼温28℃/夜温18℃、空气相对湿度50%±5个百分点处理为对照（CK）。测定叶片光合参数、叶绿素含量、顶芽内源激素含量,观测各个节位的花性分化情况及最终产量。结果表明：（1）黄瓜叶片的叶绿素总量随着处理温度的升高和胁迫时间的延长,下降幅度逐渐加大。胁迫12d后叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量达到最低值,分别较CK下降31.51%、22.62%、37.10%;（2）黄瓜叶片的Pmax（最大净光合速率）、LSP（光饱和点）、AQE（表观量子效率）值均随着高温高湿胁迫程度的加深显著降低,41℃高温处理后黄瓜叶片的LSP、AQE、Pmax值达到最低,分别较CK降低48.78%、40.00%、43.04%,日最高温度32～41℃范围内,70%空气相对湿度处理下黄瓜叶片的Pmax值高于其它湿度处理,与CK差异较小;（3）在植株花芽分化进程中,黄瓜顶芽中的ZT（反玉米素）、ABA（脱落酸）和GA3（赤霉素）含量均呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,IAA含量则随着黄瓜植株的生长逐渐减小。黄瓜顶芽中的ZT、IAA、GA3含量均随着温度、胁迫天数的增加而逐渐降低,ABA含量呈反向变化。41℃高温处理结束当日,黄瓜顶芽中ZT、IAA、GA3含量分别较CK降低47.37%、26.38%、83.65%,ABA含量则较CK提高27.27%;胁迫12d后黄瓜顶芽中ZT、IAA、GA3含量达到同时期内的最低值,分别为0.07、1.11、0.75µg·g⁻¹,而ABA含量则达到同时期内最高值,为1.89µg·g⁻¹;（4）高温高湿胁迫提高了黄瓜各雌花产生节位,而雌花节率和雌雄花花芽数量则降低;70%空气相对湿度处理下雌花产生的节位有所降低,雌花节率和雌花花芽数量有所提高;（5）高温高湿胁迫导致黄瓜产量显著降低,41℃处理后黄瓜产量较CK降低38.50%。研究发现高温通过抑制黄瓜叶片的光合作用,扰乱顶芽中的内源激素平衡,使雌花分化数量减少,从而导致最终产量降低。     

调亏灌溉促进涌泉根灌枣树生长提高产量

调亏灌溉是作物通过主动调节自身营养达到节水和提高果实产量等目的。该文通过微灌枣树试验,研究了涌泉根灌下调亏灌溉对山地枣树生长与产量的影响。2013年分别在萌芽展叶期和开花坐果期进行轻度、中度和重度3个调亏水平调亏处理试验。结果表明:轻度和中度水分亏缺均对枣吊的生长起到抑制作用,能够有效减少新梢生长及夏季修剪量,而对枣树果实的生长起到了促进作用,达到增产的目的。轻度、中度和重度水分亏缺与充分灌溉相比,枣吊长度分别减少了7.2%、13.2%和19.7%(P0.05)。枣树坐果期,果实生长缓慢,轻度、中度、重度调亏以及充分灌溉果实生长量分别为果实最终体积的14.5%、14.1%、13.8%和13.5%。与充分灌溉相比,轻度调亏的枣树最终产量提高了22.1%(P0.05)。可见,调亏灌溉会较为显著的影响枣树的最终产量。适宜的水分亏缺对枣树果实生长与产量有促进作用,且提高了水分利用率。