花羔红点鲑和白斑红点鲑肌肉营养成分分析

测定了花羔红点鲑(Salvelinus malma)和白斑红点鲑(S.leucomaenis)的肌肉营养成分,并对其进行比较.结果显示:(1)花羔红点鲑肌肉的蛋白质含量、脂肪含量均显著高于白斑红点鲑(P＜0.05),而其灰分含量值则低于白斑红点鲑,但其差异并不显著(P＞0.05);(2)花羔红点鲑在氨基酸总量、必需氨基...     

花羔红点鲑苗种运输技术要点

花羔红点鲑属鲑形目、鲑科、红点鲑属,是一种中小型冷水性的稀有珍贵鱼类,在淡水鱼类区系上属北极淡水类群。目前资源正逐渐枯竭,有濒危的趋势。现在我省已成功解决花羔红点鲑的全人工繁育,并且可以每年固定地向适宜养殖的地区供应苗种。由于花羔红点鲑在运输过程中易集群,同时许多养殖户缺乏花羔红点鲑苗种的运输经验,往往在运输过程中操作不当,经常出现运输成活率低及大批死亡的现象,     

花羔红点鲑鱼苗鱼种培育试验

正花羔红点鲑属鲑形目、鲑科、红点鲑属,是一群中小型冷水性的稀有珍贵鱼类,在淡水鱼类区系上属北极淡水类群。花羔红点鲑肉质鲜美、营养价值高,深受消费者欢迎。目前资源正逐渐枯竭,有濒危的趋势,现已被列为《中国东北地区珍稀濒危动物志》,亟待采取有效的措施加以保护和开发。花羔红点鲑在20世纪90年代末驯化并养殖成功。但仍然存在一定的问题,鱼苗成活率低、生长缓慢、鱼种死亡率高等,为解决这些问题,在     

我国首次人工驯化“花羔红点鲑”

世界濒危冷水鱼——花羔红点鲑近日在吉林省驯化成功。这是我国首次成功人工驯化花羔红点鲑。由吉林省长白细鳞红点鲑养殖场完成的“花羔红点鲑人工驯化及养殖技术研究”项目近日通过了专家鉴定。该项研究对我国鲑鳟鱼类资源及生物多样性的保护具有重要意义。     

养殖新品种——育空金北极红点鲑

北极红点鲑(Salvelinus alpinus Linnaeus)主要分布于靠近北极区域,分为洄游品系(海洋型)和非洄游品系(陆封型)。分布范围为加拿大的纽芬兰北部、冰岛和挪威北部。在阿拉斯加地区的北极红点鲑,绝大多数为陆封型,生长在湖泊及山区河流中;在瑞士及法国也有少量分布,在那里被称为 Omble Chevalier。北极红点鲑与花羔红点鲑(SalvelinusmalmaWalbaum)在外表上具有一些较明显的区别,北极红点鲑的头及吻部较短,这一特点在雄鱼繁殖期更为明显,尾叉上的斑点比花羔红点鲑要深一些,同时尾柄要窄一些。野生北极红点鲑具有很特别的生活史,在有些地区,…     

鲑鳟鱼类养殖技术之三花羔红点鲑发眼卵长途运输技术

花羔红点鲑是原产于黑龙江省东南和吉林东部长白山区的野生鲑科红点鲑属鱼类,目前正在进行家化养殖试验,本文初步探讨了其发眼卵长途运输技术.     

信息与动态

我国首次人工驯化“花羔红点鲑”世界濒危冷水鱼———花羔红点鲑近日在吉林省驯化成功。这是我国首次成功人工驯化花羔红点鲑。由吉林省长白细鳞红点鲑养殖场完成的“花羔红点鲑人工驯化及养殖技术研究”项目近日通过了专家鉴定。该项研究对我国鲑鳟鱼类资源及生物多样性的保护具有重要意义。(www.cnfm.gov.cn)江苏兴化以水招商兴渔业 兴 化是江苏省渔业 大县之一, 拥有 70万亩的 水面资源和优惠的 “三资”投入政策,四面出击,叫养殖水面,水产品年产量达 12万吨,已经连续 13 卖天下,赢得了水产业新一轮…     

花羔红点鲑成鱼养殖模式的研究

花羔红点鲑Salvelinus malma（Walbaum）属于鲑科红点鲑属,在中国淡水鱼类区系分类中属北极淡水类群,是我国土著的名贵珍稀冷水性鱼类,已被列入《中国东北地区珍稀濒危动物志》。花羔红点鲑肉质好,经济价值高,深受消费者欢迎。一、材料和方法1.材料（1）试验鱼成鱼饲养用鱼来源于课题组培育的鱼种。（2）养殖用水山涧溪流水,周年水温变化在0℃～19℃,     

野生花羔红点鲑人工繁育试验

花羔红点鲑(Salvelinus malma Walbaum)地方名花里羔子,又名多丽鲑,属鲑科、红点鲑属,在中国淡水鱼类区系分类中属北极淡水类群,是一群中小型陆封冷水性稀有鱼类,已被列入《中国东北地区珍稀濒危动物志》,是吉林鸭绿江上游国家级自然保护区重点保护的五种冷水鱼类(细鳞鱼、石川氏哲罗鱼、鸭绿江茴鱼、东北七鳃鳗、花羔红点鲑)之一,目前资源已近枯竭,亟待加以繁育和保护。吉林鸭绿江上游国家级自然保护区管理局为了挽救花     

不同年龄花羔红点鲑肌肉成分和血液指标的比较研究

对不同年龄花羔红点鲑(Salvelinus malma)肌肉成分和血液指标的分析结果表明,鱼体肌肉水分含量随年龄增长呈下降趋势,粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量呈逐渐升高趋势.不同年龄花羔红点鲑肌肉氨基酸种类完全相同,各种氨基酸含量在各龄鱼间均未见显著差异(P=>0.05);肌肉脂肪酸含量高,不同年龄花羔红点鲑肌肉脂肪酸除十八碳二烯酸中C18:3-γ含量差异不显著外(P>0.05).其他各脂肪酸含量均随年龄增长而呈显著增加趋势(P<0.05).研究发现,不同年龄花羔红点鲑血液生理生化指标中除红细胞渗透脆性、血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量无显著变化(P>0.05)外,其他各指标均有显著性差异(P<0.05).实验结果表明,与其他龄鱼相比较,4龄鱼营养价值较高.[中国水产科学,2009,16(1):113-119]     

Divergence of Salvelinus species from northeastern Asia based on mitochondrial DNA

Abstract –  Phylogenetic analysis of charrs of the genus Salvelinus was performed using PCR-RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Three fragments of mtDNA (ND1/ND2, ND5/ND6 and Cyt b /D-loop) were amplified by PCR and examined for restriction site variation using 13 restriction endonucleases. Analysis of 313 sites of over 7672 bp of charr mtDNA was conducted. Six phylogenetic lineages of the mtDNA were revealed, corresponding to six separate charr taxa: Salvelinus leucomaenis Pallas; Salvelinus levanidovi Chereshnev, Skopetz & Gudkov; Salvelinus taranetzi Kaganovsky; Salvelinus malma krascheninnikovi Taranetz; Salvelinus malma malma Walbaum and Salvelinus alpinus alpinus . The Levanidov ( S. levanidovi ) and white-spotted ( S. leucomaenis ) charrs represented the most divergent lineages. These are probably closest to a common ancestor of the genus. Salvelinus taranetzi was the next divergent lineage. Salvelinus malma krascheninnikovi was placed between S. leucomaenis and S. taranetzi . Salvelinus malma malma and S. a. alpinus were sister taxa, and were on the last branch to diverge. The divergence between S. m. malma and S. a. alpinus inferred from mtDNA nucleotide sequences was 1.1%; between S. m. malma and S. taranetzi 2.8%; between S. m. malma and S. m. krascheninnikovi 4%; between S. taranetzi , S. m. krascheninnikovi and S. a. alpinus 2.8%. Salvelinus levanidovi and S. leucomaenis were almost equally remote from the other charrs by some 9% and 7%, respectively. The extent of genetic differences between the northern S. m. malma populations and the European S. a. alpinus populations indicates that they diverged recently. The existence of many putative charr species with different divergence times in northeastern Asia suggests that this region may be one of the centres of speciation of the genus Salvelinus .     

基于线粒体COI基因序列的亚东鲑DNA条形码研究

以亚东鲑为研究对象,测定分析了线粒体COI基因638bp碱基序列,探讨了该基因作为DNA条形码在鲑科三种鱼类(亚东鲑、大西洋鲑和红点鲑)鉴定方面的可行性和有效性。亚东鲑33个个体共享1种单倍型。利用Kimura-2模型分析得到亚东鲑与大西洋鲑遗传距离最小,为0.079;大西洋鲑与红点鲑遗传距离最大,为0.141;亚东鲑与红点鲑遗传距离为0.120。基于COI基因片段序列构建的NJ显示,亚东鲑和大西洋鲑首先聚到一起,然后再与红点鲑相聚。结果表明COI基因片段作为三种鱼类DNA条形码进行分类鉴定具有一定可行性。     

花糕红点鲑多态性微卫星筛选及鸭绿江种群遗传多样性分析

利用强壮红点鲑（Salvelinus confluentus）的微卫星筛选出适用于我国的珍稀濒危冷水性鱼类——花糕红点鲑（Salvelinus malma）的多态性引物,并分析其鸭绿江种群的遗传多样性。结果显示,在强壮红点鲑的10个微卫星引物中有5个在花糕红点鲑群体中具有多态性,鸭绿江种群的等位基因数（N）a为6~22（平均15）,杂合度（H）为0.4063~0.9333（平均0.7851）,多态信息含量（PIC）为0.7164~0.9198（平均0.8536）。强壮红点鲑微卫星引物在花糕红点鲑中具有很好的通用性,花糕红点鲑的鸭绿江种群具有较高的遗传多样性水平。本研究结果为我国花糕红点鲑种质资源保护和管理提供遗传学理论依据。     

花羔红点鲑种群生态学特征及资源保护

本文根据1994－1995年对黑龙江、图们江、缓芬河和鸭绿江的支流的生态学调查资料，报道了花羔红点鲑的地理分布，性状变异，年龄，食性，繁殖等生态学特征；分析了群体结构；研究了个体年龄生长；讨论了花羔点鲑资源保护和利用问题。     

Long-term shifts in the growth and maturation size of Miyabe charr <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salvelinus malma miyabei</Emphasis>

Overfishing can affect life history traits, resulting in population collapse and oftentimes a decrease in length-at-age and maturation size in fish populations. However, little is known about the recovery mechanisms and time scales of these traits in exploited wild populations. In the study reported here, we documented long-term shifts in growth and mature size in Miyabe charr Salvelinus malma miyabei associated with a history of recreational fishing in Lake Shikaribetsu for approximately 80 years. Downsizing in the charr was observed when the charr population collapsed due to intensive recreational fishing. However, subsequent moratoriums and the introduction of fishing regulations, especially the implementation of a catch-and-release policy, during the following 10–30 years facilitated the recovery of population size, length-at-age and mature fish size. This study provides important insights into the biological changes and required recovery time scales of a heavily harvested population and supports management and conservation strategies.     

Salmonid colonization of new streams in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

Abstract. Following the rapid recession of a neoglacial ice sheet within the last 250 years, colonization of recently deglaciated streams by salmonid fishes was investigated in Glacier Bay National Park, south-eastern Alaska. The primary factors governing the establishment, species diversity composition and abundance of salmonids in Glacier Bay streams were water temperature, sediment loading and stream discharge. No salmonids were found in the turbid meltwater streams emerging from retreating ice. Coho, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), and sockeye, Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum). salmon and Dolly Vardcn, Salvelinus malma (Walbaum), charr were the first salmonids to colonize the youngest clearwater stream. Juvenile Dolly Varden were more abundant than juvenile coho salmon in the most recently formed clearwater stream because of the characteristic absence of pool habital. Densities of juvenile coho salmon were six times greater in a stream with a series of lakes compared with a stream of similar age without lakes. Future advancement of salmonid stocks will probably depend upon the rate and extent of the development of riparian vegetation and inputs of large woody debris from the developing forest to provide further instream cover, habitat variation and channel stabilization.     

Recreational fishery as a conservation tool for endemic Dolly Varden <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salvelinus malma miyabei</Emphasis> in Lake Shikaribetsu,Japan

Recreational angling is a popular leisure activity globally and can be a threat or useful conservation tool depending on the management strategy. Miyabe charr Salvelinus malma miyabei is an endemic fish that inhabits Lake Shikaribetsu, and a management program was established to harmonise recreational fishery and conservation. To examine the suitability of this program, population assessment was conducted with the cooperation of anglers. The population size in 2014 as assessed by tag-and-release angling was estimated to be 105,300 [95% confidence interval (CI) 37,300–178,600], much higher than the reported estimate in 1995. Further, angling mortality was estimated to be quite low. Moreover, no decreasing population trend was detected on analysing 8 years of anglers’ catch data. Consequently, angling has facilitated stock assessments of Miyabe charr under the current program. This case is a good example of recreational angling acting as a conservation tool under appropriate management.     

Size-related factors causing individual variation in seasonal reproductive success of fluvial male Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma)

Abstract– Reproductive activities of individually identified fluvial Dolly Varden ( Salvelinus malma ) were observed during a breeding season in a small stream. Males and females both established dominance hierarchies based on body size. Females spawned from late October to late November, with no apparent peak, and larger females spawned earlier than small ones. Males competed for access to females by adopting two types of mating tactics: pairing and sneaking. The tactic used depended on the male's position in the dominance hierarchy of the breeding group. Seasonal reproductive activity and mating success of males were positively correlated with body size, with only the largest male monopolizing most of the mating opportunities, and the small males were rarely successful in mating. Smaller males, however, lost as much weight as large males during the breeding season. Females preferred the largest male in the breeding group as a mate, while males courted females of any size. It is suggested that the polygynous mating pattern is a consequence of size-related differences in competitive ability among males, and the degree of monopolization is affected by both the temporal distribution and the spawning tactics of the females.