加快发展职业教育培养高技能人才

发展职业教育,可以促进社会经济,推进我国走新型工业化道路,解决“三农”问题。本文对我国职业教育的发展目标、人才培养模式以及发展面临的若干问题进行了探讨。     

职业导向下农机类中职生职业素养培养的研究

中职教育是我国职业教育体系的基础部分,其教育情况直接影响到我国整个职业教育发展.从当前中职教育实际情况看,存在过于看重专业知识、技能培养,忽视学生职业素养培育的情况,不利于学生顺利就业,所以在中职教育中,应该以职业为导向,强化对学生职业素养的培育.根据现阶段中职生职业素养培养情况,就农机类中职生职业素养的培养进行分析.     

数控铣工实训教学质量提升路径探索

数控铣工实训教学质量对高职数控技术高质量人才的培养及学生未来的就业有着直接的影响.文章对我国现阶段职业教育中数控铣工实训教学的现状进行分析,探索提升数控系统实训教学质量的有效路径.     

实现乡村振兴战略下我国农村职业教育的优化发展

阐述了乡村振兴战略下我国农村职业教育的时代价值,分析了乡村振兴战略下我国农村职业教育存在的问题,探讨了实现乡村振兴战略下我国农村职业教育优化发展的策略。     

农村学生应成为职教发展的重点

针对我国职业教育面临生源减少,高等院校扩招,职业教育的生存和发展受到很大制约的突出问题,指出职业教育发展的出路重在创新,要把重点转向农村,以农村学生为重点对象进行职业教育,从而促进职业教育的新发展。     

美国高等职业教育办学模式的借鉴研究

我国的职业教育发展已经迈入新的历史阶段,文章从美国高等职业教育现状出发,提出了美国职业教育办学模式可供我国高等职业教育借鉴的经验,对我国高等职业教育发展具有一定的启示作用。     

职业教育中实验教学的应用、改革与发展

2002年全国职业教育工作会议以来,各地区、各部门认真贯彻《国务院关于大力推进职业教育改革与发展的决定》加强了对职业教育工作的领导和支持.在职业教育实验教学中,教学模式的改革与创新、教学方法的突破与转变都对职业教育中的实验教学提出了很大的挑战,文章就实验教学对职业教育的应用、改革及发展提出简单的构思与建议.     

黄炎培"做学合一"思想对地方高职院校发展的启示

2019年1月,国务院印发《国家职业教育改革实施方案》通知明确指出,职业教育与普通教育是两种不同教育类型,具有同等重要地位。国家对职业教育发展达到前所未有的重视。我国近现代职业教育是伴随着民族资本主义产生和发展起来的,从洋务运动兴办学堂开始,涌现出不少救国救民实业家和教育家,特别是黄炎培先生的职业教育思想及其早期实践,对我国近现代职业教育的开端与发展,产生过极为重要的影响,被公认为是我国本土化的现代职业教育思想之源[1]。     

我国职业教育信息化的研究现状与对策

受信息技术不断发展的影响,人类社会的通信模式也随之发生变化,社会各方面也在逐渐信息化。与此同时,信息化同样推动着教育的进步,加速各类教育的变革,而职业教育作为教育中重要的组成部分也受到了信息技术冲击带来的便利。职业教育作为我国培养高素质型人才与技能型人才兼备的教育,在借助现代信息技术的基础上,对人才培养观念、教育教学方式、教师综合素养、教育资源及质量、教育管理模式、教学实践活动重新提出了要求,因此,我国职业教育在信息技术的基础上大胆探索,以信息技术推动职业教育信息化既是教育发展的大势所趋,也是职业教育发展的必由之路。通过研究我国职业教育信息化的现状,有助于我国职业教育更好地发展。     

强化农业职业教育的实践教学以培养应用型人才

当前，我国对农业职业教育重视程度逐渐加深。农业职业教育致力于培养具有较高素质和专业技能的农业应用型人才。为实现对农业应用型人才的有效培养，必须采取有效措施强化农业职业教育的实践教学。该文简述了实践教学在农业职业教育中的地位和作用，浅析了农业职业教育应用型人才的培养重点，探究了强化农业职业教育实践教学的有效措施，以期为农业职业教育提供借鉴。      

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。