城市行道树的养护管理技术

<正>行道树对绿化城市、美化环境、挡阳遮荫、净化空气、隔离噪音、维持生态平衡等方面起着重要作用。邯郸市共栽植法桐、国槐、毛白杨、栾树等十几个品种,树龄从新植到几十年不等。为栽植养护好行道树,充分发挥其应有的功能,就必须采取适当的养护管理措施。     

油松移栽防治病虫害的几点意见

通过对本溪市峪明路油松在移植过程中由于多种原因造成病虫害侵染、生长不良和生理原因大量枯黄落叶等现象进行调查分析 ,总结出行道树移栽中把握好选苗、栽植和养护等环节 ,减少病虫害发生的几项措施 ,为今后城市行道树栽植提供切实可行的理论和实践依据     

银杏大树夏季移植的关键环节

银杏是我国特有的珍稀树种,在我国大部分省市都有自然分布,且生长良好。银杏大树在全国各地的园林建设中,被作为行道树和景观树广为栽植。由于园林工程施工经常要求大树移植在反季节里进行,我们在承建全椒县内环南路绿化施工时,要求5～6月份栽植胸径在15～18cm的大银杏作为行道树,共栽植519株,我们通过精心准备,科学施工,认真养护,取得了成活     

合阳林木落实产权管护好

去冬以来,合阳县把养护路面与管护林木结合起来,提出了购买、租赁、承包路段三种主要管护新方案,“谁投资,谁管理,谁受益”。其办法,一是准许经营者购买行道树栽植地段的使用权,每公里100元,自己栽树自己管,成材后归个人,期限10～15年。二是准许经营者租赁行道树栽植地段,自己栽树     

法桐行道树新品种替代改良初探

通过引进2个法桐少果新优品种,对南京城区内有补植需求的道路进行了小范围的点试与应用示范,观测新品种生长情况,总结了栽培管理经验。结果表明：2个少果法桐新品种在南京城区道路的总成活率为91.4%,均表现出叶片少毛的性状,在叶形、叶色、树皮、株型等方面表现出特色;栽植于街边绿地或分隔带绿地内的法桐新品种成活率、土壤营养均优于栽植于道路种植穴内的法桐新品种。提出了法桐新品种替代改良的栽植养护应注重行道树景观的一致性、对新栽法桐立地条件进行改善并落实重点管养、科学规划法桐行道树的栽植方式,这些措施有利于法桐新品种成活及健康生长。     

台风灾害视角下华南地区行道树的选择与应用

台风对于华南地区城市行道树的影响是不容忽视的。在分析台风所致行道树受损原因的基础上提出了有效防范台风灾害的城市行道树选择配置措施和种植养护策略,指出需要在规划设计、施工种植和绿化养护等层面加强行道树的选择和应用,才能切实提升行道树的抗风性能,保证城市景观的持续稳定。     

浅谈吴江地区行道树养护管理技术

指出了行道树相比其他绿地，生长环境条件较差、长势弱，且易发生病虫害，因此提高现有行道树的养护水平尤为重要。依据多年绿化养护工作实践，对行道树养护管理中施工因素、修剪和病虫害防治三方面的要点进行了探讨。     

游园行道树的栽植

城市道路及郊区公路的行道树基本上是等距离栽植的,一个树种可绵延几公里甚至几十公里。而游园里的行道树则不同,栽植效果要有一种使人步入花园的感觉。栽植游园行道树应注意下列问题:     

屏边县城行道树建设存在的问题及对策

通过对屏边县城行道树建设现状的调查,指出屏边县城行道树建设存在树种单一、地方特色不明显、种植和养护水平差等问题,并提出了相应的对策建议：结合屏边县的地方实际,加强本土树种的调查研究,选择和培育优良行道树种;重视行道树种的引种工作;提高行道树的养护和管理水平。     

古人重视行道树

在我国历史上,不少帝王将相,官宦权贵大力提倡栽植行道树,早有“治道立木”之说。他们把广植行道树看成是富国之必需,利民之盛事。几千年来,由他们竭力倡导所栽植的行道树,对我国的历史文明和环境保护起到了重要作用。     

厦门市行道树结构特征研究

对厦门市行道树的现状进行详细调查和分析,发现厦门市现有主要行道树种有61种,248 721株,平均密度达1 026.66株.km-1,总覆盖面积达1 860 974.78 m2,平均覆盖面积7 709.54 m2.km-1,具有较合理的配置格局和科学的养护措施,目前健康状况良好,较好地发挥了行道树种的绿化作用。     

佛山市禅城区行道树调查研究

通过对佛山市禅城区205条道路的调查,结果表明,禅城区共应用了58种(含变种)乔木作行道树,其分别属26科44属,其中乡土树种占65.52%,常绿乔木占74.14%;47种生长良好;细叶榕(Ficus microcarpa)、芒果(Mangifera indica)、大叶榕(Ficus virens var.sublanceolata)、大花紫薇(Lagerstroemia speciosa)、垂叶榕(Ficus benjamina)、木棉(Bombax ceiba)、高山榕(Ficus altissima)、阴香(Cinnamomum burmanii)、白兰花(Michelia alba)以及红花羊蹄甲(Bauhinia blakeana)等10种乔木是禅城区行道树种群的骨干树种。     

珠海市区道路绿化应用植物调查

应用踏查法,于2004年11～12月调查了广东省珠海市区主要道路绿化植物的种类、观赏效果及其配置特点。调查统计结果表明,珠海市区主要道路绿化植物共有144种(含变种),隶属于51科,114属。种数6种以上的植物科有棕榈科、桑科、大戟科、桃金娘科、苏木科等,主干树种有大王椰子、榕树、南洋杉、假槟榔、垂叶榕等;常见的灌木种类有黄金榕、变叶木和黄叶假连翘等。分析了珠海市区主要道路绿化植物的地理成分、观赏特点及抗性树种应用情况。针对珠海市区道路绿化植配置现状,提出了存在问题和改善道路绿化效果的建议。     

莆田城市行道树特征分析

用统计学的方法,对莆田市建成区行道路进行全面的调查分析,结果表明:九里香等5种灌木占较大优势,观花灌木较少;与灌木相比,乔木树种占有明显优势,观花、观叶、观果树种较为多样;人行道多为乔木单层结构,树体多为10 m以下低矮乔木;近郊树种分布单一。针对分析结果提出设想和建议。     

榕城与榕树文化

榕树是福州市树,因城市广布榕树,别称榕城。榕城民众在同榕树的相处中,敬榕、崇榕、植榕、护榕,榕树进入社会生活的方方面面,形成具有闽台特色的榕树文化。榕树、榕城、榕树文化已融成一个整体,榕树文化既是森林文化的一部分,又融进城乡社会生活,成为社会主义先进文化的一部分。     

Long-term impact of de-icing salts on tree health in the Lake Tahoe Basin: Environmental influences and interactions with insects and diseases

Lake Tahoe, on the boundary of California and Nevada, is world renown for its natural beauty and is also a popular location for winter-sporting activities. De-icing compounds, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), are used to maintain safe winter driving conditions. Sodium chloride, however, can damage roadside vegetation and affect surface and ground water quality. Our objectives were to: investigate the relationship among salt damage to trees and other damage (from insects, diseases, and other biotic and abiotic factors), examine the effects of vegetation characteristics and environmental factors on salt damage to trees, and to quantify the long-term impacts of de-icing salts on roadside conifers in the Tahoe Basin. From 2006 to 2008, 442 square plots (0.1 ha) were established and surveyed throughout the Lake Tahoe Basin, including 176 control plots > 300 m from roads, and 137 plots originally established in 1990 that were used for long-term trends. Both incidence and severity of salt damage, diseases, insect pests, and other abiotic damage were recorded on all trees within plots (more than 10,000 trees). Soil and vegetation samples were collected from a subset of plots and analyzed for salt content. At least 15% of roadside trees were damaged by salt every year. Very large year-to-year variation in the incidence of salt damage was observed, but the severity of salt damage has decreased since 1990. A clear roadside effect on roadside conifers existed because symptoms of salt damage were only observed on trees in roadside plots and never in control plots, and foliage from trees in roadside plots had more sodium and chloride content than those in control plots for both salt symptomatic and asymptomatic foliage. Incidence of salt damage decreased with increasing distance from roads, was more frequent on rocky soils, and increased with downhill slope steepness and tree density. Pines (Pinus spp.) were more frequently and severely damaged by salt than firs (Abies spp.). Trees were more likely to be damaged by something other than salt, and the relationship among salt damage and other damages was antagonistic rather than synergistic. The results from this study have important implications for the ecology and management of conifer forests in relation to salinity and road maintenance.     

中国林业传统与林业文化

本文用两分法，将中国林业传统分为保护森林、合理利用森林资源的传统和破坏森林、大量消耗林木的传统。前者是以对动、植物的图腾崇拜为开端；后者是以火的使用为开端。在两种传统的形成与发展中，产生了丰富多彩并具有中国特色的林业文化，包括各类树木及竹文化、花卉文化、园林文化和岩栖山居与森林游乐文化等。     

Status of urban vegetation in Guangzhou City

According to a survey for the urban vegetation of Guangzhou, urban vegetation has a significantly difference from natural vegetation because of intense human impacts. The research was conducted in a synthetic survey for soil, species diversity, roadside trees and ecological function of urban vegetation in Guangzhou City. The results showed that: (1) soil densities of urban roadside and park forests were higher than mean density of natural forest soil. The pH values of soil in urban roadside were higher too, and the content of organic matter and the concentration of nitrogen were lower. (2) Species diversity of urban vegetation was lower. The most number of species was only 16 species in tree layers of urban forest. (3) Tree growth was limited by narrow space in high-density urban area, where the trees with defects and disorders were common. (4) Comparing with mature natural forests, the productivity of urban vegetation was lower. The effect of urban vegetation on balance of carbon and oxygen were influenced by the low primary production of urban vegetation. Therefore, the growth condition for urban vegetation should be improved. Biodiversity, primary production and ecological function should be increased for urban vecletation in order to improve urban eco-environment.     

生态园林绿化中乡土树种的应用分析

针对乡土树种在城市园林景观中的特有功能,结合福州市特定的历史条件和环境,考察福州市乡土树种的应用现状和问题,对福州园林绿化中乡土树种资源的应用提出建议。     

濒危植物油杉种群生命表与生存分析

通过调查福州市长乐区珍稀植物油杉(Keteleeria fortunei(Murr.)Carr)种群,探讨其种群生命表和生存曲线,研究油杉种群数量动态变化。结果表明:长乐市油杉种群中树个体数最多,大树其次,幼树最少。油杉种群存活曲线为凹型曲线,属DeeveyⅢ型,表现为衰退型种群。油杉种群的个体死亡率和种群消失率曲线变化趋势相似,表现为油杉种群早期死亡率较高,生长到Ⅵ龄级时,其种群死亡率呈现逐步下降趋势。油杉种群生存函数曲线表现出该种群前期数量锐减、中期种群稳定和后期种群出现衰退的特征。