JA1体外诱导HCC细胞凋亡的实验研究

采用噻唑蓝(MTT)还原法,测定了梯度浓度的某植物种子粗提物JA1对人肝癌细胞株HCC增殖作用的影响;同时采用流式细胞术、DNA凝胶电泳和透射电子显微镜技术,在体外观察了JA1对HCC细胞凋亡的诱导作用。结果显示,JA1可显著抑制肝癌细胞HCC的增殖,而且这种抑制有浓度依赖性和时间依赖性;流式细胞仪分析表明,经JA1作用后的肝癌细胞HCC检测标本中有明显的DNA低含量颗粒(“亚G1期”峰);凝胶电泳呈现出典型的DNA梯形条带;电镜下出现细胞凋亡典型的形态学改变。     

葛根提取物抗肿瘤作用的试验研究

采用动物移植性瘤株EAC腹水瘤、S180肉瘤、H22肝癌等，进行了根提取物体外抗肿瘤作用的观察和对S180肉瘤、Lewis肺癌、H22肝癌体内抗肿瘤作用观察；同时对瘤细胞DNA合成及脾淋巴细胞转化的影响进行了研究。结果表明葛根撮以物对多种移植性瘤株有显著的细胞毒作用或抑制作用；对瘤细胞的体外作用强度与药物浓度有正相关、与作用时间关系不大；体内抑瘤作用与剂量无显著的正相关。本次试验还初步表明葛根提取物对瘤细胞DNA有抑制作用；小剂量能增强ConA促进脾淋巴细胞增殖作用，大剂量则抑制。     

双峰驼自然发酵乳对小鼠腹水型肝癌细胞H22的影响

为了观察苏尼特双峰驼自然发酵乳在体内对小鼠腹水型肝癌H22细胞的细胞周期变化的影响,采取在给小鼠接种肿瘤前4天给予苏尼特双峰驼自然发酵乳,接种肿瘤后继续按预定剂量给予12d的方法进行试验,然后计算抑瘤率、脾脏指数、胸腺指数,检测增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达率,用流式细胞仪检测肿瘤细胞周期变化.结果表明苏尼特双峰驼自然发酵乳高剂量组的抑瘤率为35.83%,中剂量组为31.94%,低剂量组为15.56%;脾脏指数、胸腺指数都显著提高(P<0.01或P<0.05);苏尼特双峰驼天然发酵乳对小鼠H22肝癌肿瘤组织的PCNA表达有下调作用,可阻止肿瘤细胞的增殖,抑制其生长.流式细胞仪检测发现,苏尼特双峰驼自然发酵乳可使肿瘤细胞的细胞周期阻滞在S期.因此说明,苏尼特双峰驼自然发酵乳在体内有抑瘤作用,其机制与提高机体免疫力,使细胞周期阻滞并可能继而诱发凋亡有关.     

华蟾毒精对胃腺癌细胞MGC-803作用的研究

研究华蟾毒精（cinobufagin,CBG）体外对人胃腺癌细胞MGC-803的抑制作用,并初步探讨其抗肿瘤的作用机制。MTT法测定CBG对胃腺癌MGC-803细胞的生长抑制情况;采用光镜观察CBG对人胃腺癌细胞MGC-803形态的影响;流式细胞术检测CBG对MGC-803细胞的抑制作用、细胞周期及细胞早期凋亡的影响。一定浓度范围内CBG对MGC-803细胞的增殖有剂量、时间依赖性抑制作用;光镜下可见细胞形态明显发生变化,细胞变圆,分泌颗粒增多,细胞折光性下降,大部分细胞脱壁;流式细胞仪检测MGC-803细胞,G1期细胞减少,大量细胞停滞在G2/M期,凋亡细胞增多。CBG对MGC-803细胞的抑制作用与诱导其细胞阻滞及凋亡密切相关。     

顺铂诱导体外犬乳腺肿瘤细胞凋亡影响

为研究顺铂诱导体外犬乳腺肿瘤细胞CHMp凋亡影响,本试验采用不同浓度的顺铂以不同作用时间处理细胞,用MTT法检测细胞活性,通过透射电镜观察CHMp细胞形态学变化,用流式细胞仪研究CHMp细胞凋亡和周期。结果显示,CHMp细胞生长受浓度和时间双重依赖,浓度越高,时间越长,抑制越明显,在电镜下观察细胞出现明显的凋亡形态,同时5μmol/L顺铂作用24 h后细胞阻滞于G1/S期,比例高达75.12%。结果表明,顺铂能抑制CHMp增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,阻滞细胞G1/S期。     

树突状细胞和抗原负载树突状细胞诱导特异性CTL抗肿瘤效应的形态学观察

为了给肿瘤的生物学治疗提供形态学基础,试验分离和培养树突状细胞(DC),制备B16黑色素瘤细胞抗原并进行共培养,即为抗原负载树突状细胞(ADC);建立B16黑色素瘤小鼠模型,于瘤周围皮下注射DC和ADC,测量注射前后各组小鼠的瘤体积,比较其抑瘤作用;应用光镜和透射电镜观察DC和ADC诱导特异性CTL抗肿瘤效应的形态学表现。结果表明:试验组DC和ADC诱导机体抗肿瘤效应显著,与对照组相比差异显著(P0.05);光镜下DC和ADC主要分布在皮下组织、癌组织周围,特别是癌巢周边;透射电镜下与ADC接触的淋巴细胞形态不规则,淋巴细胞与肿瘤细胞密切接触,大量肿瘤细胞凋亡、坏死。     

云南松松塔提取物对H22肝癌小鼠的作用研究

观察云南松松塔乙醇提取物(PEA)、碱水提取醇沉物(PED)对H22肝癌小鼠的影响。将H22腹水瘤模型小鼠随机分组,灌胃给药,1次/d,治疗10 d。观察各小鼠一般状况及20 d内的死亡情况,计算生命延长率。建立H22实体瘤模型,分组及给药同前。给药第1天开始,隔天测量1次各小鼠肿瘤直径(mm),计算肿瘤体积;末次给药24 h后,取脾脏观察T细胞和B细胞刺激指数(SI)、NK细胞和CTL细胞杀伤活性;取瘤块,HE染色观察肿瘤细胞形态学变化。结果表明,PEA、PED各剂量组小鼠的生存质量较模型组提高,生命延长率最大分别为40.71%和51.33%;平均肿瘤体积较模型组显著减小,最大抑瘤率分别达50.06%和61.58%;T细胞和B细胞SI、NK细胞和CTL细胞杀伤活性较模型组显著升高。PEA、PED各剂量组正常肿瘤细胞减少,坏死面积增大,脂肪细胞增多。结果表明,PEA、PED可以提高H22肝癌小鼠的生存质量,延长生存期,抑制肿瘤生长,其机制与增强T细胞和B细胞转化能力,提高NK细胞和CTL细胞杀伤活性有关。     

DSS诱导血管内皮细胞ECV304凋亡及机制研究

为了研究葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导血管内皮细胞:ECV304增殖和凋亡的影响。体外培养血管内皮细胞ECV304,采用不同浓度DSS诱导细胞,流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡、活性氧(ROS)、线粒体膜电位(MMP)、细胞周期;WST-1法检测细胞增殖抑制率。结果显示,随着DSS浓度的增加细胞凋亡率增加,并导致细胞GOG1期阻滞,细胞内活性氧含量减少,同时线粒体膜电位下降,细胞增殖抑制率明显升高。结果表明,DSS可以抑制血管内皮细胞ECV304增殖并诱导细胞凋亡。     

重组新城疫病毒HN基因乳酸菌抑制结肠癌作用评价

为评价重组新城疫病毒(NDV)血凝素-神经氨酸酶(HN)基因植物乳杆菌对鼠结肠癌(CRC)潜在的抑制作用,试验以前期构建的可表达NDV HN基因的植物乳杆菌(简称重组菌HN/Lab)为研究对象,通过肿瘤诱导建立小鼠CRC皮下移植瘤模型,通过腹部手术建立小鼠原位移植瘤模型,并在肿瘤诱导前后给荷瘤鼠灌胃重组菌和不表达HN基因的植物乳杆菌(L.p),通过监测肿瘤体积、荷瘤鼠的存活率以及肿瘤组织的病理学来评价重组菌对CRC的抑制作用。结果表明,试验分别成功建立了小鼠CRC皮下移植瘤和原位移植瘤模型;重组菌(CT26+HN/Lab组)能明显抑制荷瘤鼠皮下肿瘤的生长,分别在肿瘤诱导后25,30 d差异显著(P0.05),重组菌组小鼠的存活率和生存时间也显著高于CT26组(P0.05);重组菌对小鼠原位移植瘤模型抑制效果明显,在肿瘤诱导7 d后即能明显抑制肿瘤的生长(P0.05),抑瘤率为43.13%,与植物乳杆菌(CT26+L.p组)23.03%抑瘤率相比有了明显的提高;病理组织学观察结果显示,重组菌诱导肿瘤坏死明显,浸润的淋巴细胞数量增多,能够抑制肿瘤细胞向黏膜层转移。因此,NDV HN基因重组乳酸菌对鼠CRC模型具有较好的抑制作用。     

活性氧参与脂多糖诱导小鼠巨噬细胞RAW 264.7活化诱导凋亡

研究活性氧(ROS)与脂多糖(LPS)诱导后巨噬细胞活化诱导凋亡的关系。体外培养小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7,采用不同浓度LPS诱导细胞,添加100μmol/L H2O2增加细胞内ROS,或用姜黄素(7.5μmol/L)降低细胞内ROS;流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡、线粒体膜电位(MMP)和ROS。结果显示,RAW264.7细胞凋亡和细胞内ROS水平均随LPS浓度增加而增加,高浓度的LPS导致MMP下降;与LPS(8μg/m L)单独作用组比,H2O2增加ROS,并导致凋亡细胞百分率增加;姜黄素降低LPS诱导的细胞凋亡,同时减少细胞内ROS。表明活性氧参与LPS诱导小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7活化诱导凋亡。     

黄曲霉毒素的细胞毒性及机制

以正常人肝细胞（L-02细胞）为研究对象,根据细胞增殖率、活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）含量、丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量等指标的变化研究黄曲霉毒素B1（aflatoxin B1,AFB1）的毒性作用及氧化应激损伤,选用VC作为AFB1损伤肝细胞的保护剂,通过比色法测定细胞的相对存活率,从细胞周期的变化和细胞凋亡率研究AFB1引起L-02细胞凋亡的程度及机制。结果表明：根据AFB1的半数细胞抑制率（inhibition of cell,IC）（IC     

Photodynamic hyperthermal therapy with indocyanine green (ICG) induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in B16F10 murine melanoma cells

We examined the effects of photodynamic hyperthemal therapy (PHT), which is a combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and hyperthermia (HT), on the apoptosis and cell cycle progression of murine melanoma B16F10 cells. The percentage of apoptotic cell was determined by flow cytometry using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) double staining. The cell cycle analysis was performed by PI staining with flow cytometry. The expression of cyclins and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were examined by a Western blotting analysis. PHT induces death in B16F10 cells, and PHT-mediated apoptosis occurred acutely and persistently in vitro. Our study demonstrated that PHT using indocyanine green (ICG) and near infrared (NIR) light source induces apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in the B16F10 cells.     

Retinoic acid induces apoptosis in activated canine neutrophils

Activated neutrophils live longer, produce toxic metabolites and cause considerable tissue injury, which is central to the pathogenesis of many inflammatory conditions. Retinoids are a class of lipophilic compounds with anti-inflammatory effects. We examined the effect of retinoic acid on apoptosis in normal and activated neutrophils. Our results showed that treatment with 1 μg/ml Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 12 and 36 h delayed the spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis compared to untreated cells. But exposure of LPS-treated cells to retinoic acid (1 and 5 μM) abolished the inhibitory effects of LPS on neutrophil apoptosis in a concentration-dependant manner based on annexin V staining, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, light and electron microscopy. These results show that retinoic acid increases apoptosis in activated canine neutrophils and this effect could enhance the resolution of inflammation in vivo.     

Inhibitory effects of 22-oxa-calcitriol and all- trans retinoic acid on the growth of a canine osteosarcoma derived cell-line in vivo and its pulmonary metastasis in vivo

Pulmonary metastasis is a major cause of death and a major obstacle to the successful treatment of canine osteosarcoma. However, the residual capacity of the neoplasia for differentiation and its susceptibility to undergo apoptosis may be used to suppress its growth and metastatic properties. The highly metastasizing POS (HMPOS) canine osteosarcoma cell line which preferentially metastasize to the lungs was used to test the possible efficacy of 22-oxa-calcitriol (OCT) and all- trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to inhibit growth and pulmonary metastasis of the subcutaneously grown osteosarcoma in nude mice. Treatments in vitro, morphologically elongated and increased alkaline phosphatase activity and staining of cells. Tumour growth in vivo was inhibited significantly and the combination treatment of OCT and ATRA (OCT + ATRA) exerted a synergistic and stronger suppression at concentration of 1.0 microg kg(-1)body weight when given subcutaneously three times a week for 5 weeks. The subcutaneous tumours of the control mice consisted of osteoblast-like cells and isolated chondroblast-like cells, but formed several areas of osteoid and increased amount of collagen tissue in all treated mice. Pinpoint macrometastatic nodules developed only in all control mice. Micrometastatic nodule developed only in two of six mice treated with ATRA. However, nodule size and number, and lung wet weight were all reduced significantly. Metastasis were not seen in the mice treated with OCT or OCT + ATRA. This study demonstrated that inhibition of growth and pulmonary metastasis was induced by subcutaneous treatment with these drugs and suggest that both its differentiating and apoptotic inducing activities may be responsible for the antitumour effects. These drugs may be useful in the clinic as an adjunct for the treatment of canine osteosarcoma.     

Study on the Structure of Two New Bioactive Peptides from Rana catesbeiana and their Antitumor Effects in vitro

The study was aimed to research the growth inhibitory effects of two new bioactive peptides Temporin-Lb and Catesbeianin-1a from Rana catesbeiana on human lung cancer NCI-H446 cells, breast cancer MCF-7 cells and mice leukemia K562 cells, and provide the basis for selecting the new peptide antitumor drugs.The second structures of two bioactive peptides were tested by circular dichroism spectrum (CD), and the effects of the two new bioactive peptides on human lung cancer NCI-H446 cells, breast cancer MCF-7 cells and mice leukemia K562 cells were examined with MTS cytotoxicity assay.The circular dichroism spectrum results showed the secondary structure of Temporin-Lb was PPⅡ, and the secondary structure of Catesbeianin-1a was random coil.Using MTS cytotoxicity assay, it was found that given Catesbeianin-1a, the sharp of the three cancer cells above had little changed after culturing for 24 h, and the three cancer cells promoted normal.Given Temporin-Lb, the cell morphology of three cancer cells had changed after culturing for 24 h, the growth of the three cancer cells above had been inhibited, especially the bioactive peptide Temporin-Lb had a sharp antitumor effect to mice leukemia K562 cells between the concentration of 4 and 40 μmol/L.Bioactive peptide Catesbeianin-1a had no obvious effect on proliferation of the three cancer cells above.Bioactive peptide Temporin-Lb had a certain inhibitory effect to tumor cells.     

两种牛蛙活性肽结构及体外抗肿瘤细胞增殖作用的研究

试验旨在研究新发现的两种牛蛙活性肽对人肺癌细胞NCI-H446、人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7及小鼠白血病细胞K562 3种肿瘤细胞体外增殖的影响,为新的多肽抗肿瘤药筛选提供依据。本试验利用圆二色谱(CD)法检测两种新牛蛙活性肽的二级结构,通过MTS细胞毒试验测定不同浓度的两种新牛蛙活性肽对人肺癌细胞NCI-H446、人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7及小鼠白血病细胞K562 3种瘤细胞体外增殖的影响。圆二色谱法结果显示,Temporin-Lb的二级空间结构为聚脯氨酸Ⅱ型螺旋(PPⅡ)结构,Catesbeianin-1a的二级空间结构为无规则卷曲。MTS细胞毒试验结果显示,给予Catesbeianin-1a的3种瘤细胞培养24 h后,瘤细胞形态无明显变化,正常增殖,而给予Temporin-Lb的3种瘤细胞培养24 h后,瘤细胞发生皱缩、细胞变圆、脱落甚至死亡,增殖受到抑制,其中对Temporin-Lb在4~40 μmol/L浓度范围内对小鼠白血病细胞K562的抑制效果最为明显。结果表明,新牛蛙活性肽Temporin-Lb具有一定的抑瘤作用,Catesbeianin-1a对瘤细胞的体外增殖没有明显影响。     

Antitumour effects of Liporaxel (oral paclitaxel) for canine melanoma in a mouse xenograft model

Paclitaxel, a member of the taxane family, exhibits antitumour effects by targeting the microtubules in cancer cells. Recently, oral paclitaxel has been developed to overcome the side effects of intravenous paclitaxel administration in human patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the antitumour effects of oral paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo. Three weeks after inoculation, oral paclitaxel (25 and 50 mg/kg) or saline was administered every week for three consecutive weeks. To explore the underlying mechanism, tumour angiogenesis was examined by immunohistochemistry with an anti‐CD31 antibody. Tumour cell apoptosis was detected by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick‐End Labeling assay, and cell cycle arrest was confirmed by western blot analysis. Oral paclitaxel treatment of canine melanoma cells exerted mediated antiproliferative effects and mediated cell cycle arrest in vitro. In animal experiments, after oral paclitaxel administration, the average tumour size decreased to approximately 30% of that in the control. Histologically, oral paclitaxel showed anti‐angiogenic effects and induced the apoptosis in tumour tissues. Oral paclitaxel also downregulated the intratumoural expression of cyclin D1 and inhibited cell proliferation. The study findings support potential application of oral paclitaxel as a novel chemotherapeutic strategy to treat canine melanoma. This is the first study to investigate the potential of oral paclitaxel as a therapeutic drug against canine tumours.     

环境激素阿特拉津对家蚕卵巢培养细胞(BmN)凋亡的影响

为探讨利用鳞翅目昆虫对环境激素进行生物学评价和监测的方法,用2,3-二苯基溴化四唑(MTT)、4’,6二乙酰基-2-苯基吲哚(DAPI)荧光染色和单细胞凝胶电泳(SCGE)、流色细胞仪检测(FCM)等技术,分析检测了环境激素阿特拉津(AT)对体外培养家蚕卵巢细胞(BmN)细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。结果显示：AT浓度超过0．0625mmol/L,显著抑制了BmN培养细胞48h的存活率(p＜0．001),LC_(50)为0．0703mmol/L;0．0625～0．5000mmol/L AT处理24h后,BmN细胞核出现明显的凋亡现象;0．5000mmol/L的AT处理48h后,BmN细胞DNA链发生断裂。AT对BmN细胞增殖和凋亡的影响有明显的时间-剂量效应。长期处于AT污染的环境中对鳞翅目昆虫可能有严重的细胞毒性。