Aquitanian Planktonic Foraminifera from Erben Guyot

Planktonic foraminifera occur in the limy sediment of a manganese-coated breccia from the top of Erben Guyot, a sunken island which is located about 800 miles west of San Diego, California. The fauna suggests an age of Early Miocene (Aquitanian Stage), which represents an absolute age of more than 25 million years. Bathyal foraminifera in the sample indicate considerable subsidence between the suggested time of truncation (Oligocene) of the seamount and the accumulation of the foraminiferal fauna.     

Planktonic Foraminifera: field experiment on production rate

In a study of the rate of production of four species of planktonic Foraminifera in the region of the California Current it was found that their life spans are of the order of 1 month. Reproduction seems to take place mainly in the upper hundred meters. Results are in contrast to previous evidence presented in favor of yearly life cycles and maturing at great depth in other species of planktonic Foraminifera.     

Culture of a Planktonic Calanoid Copepod through Multiple Generations

Acartia tonsa has been propagated through 12 filial generations during 1 year in small laboratory cultures. The mean generation time was 25 days at 17 degrees C on a slightly suboptimum, mixed algal diet. Body size, reproductive capacity, and generation time were unchanged during the culture period.     

Planktonic foraminifera of the California Current reflect 20th-century warming

It is currently unclear whether observed pelagic ecosystem responses to ocean warming, such as a mid-1970s change in the eastern North Pacific, depart from typical ocean variability. We report variations in planktonic foraminifera from varved sediments off southern California spanning the past 1400 years. Increasing abundances of tropical/subtropical species throughout the 20th century reflect a warming trend superimposed on decadal-scale fluctuations. Decreasing abundances of temperate/subpolar species in the late 20th century indicate a deep, penetrative warming not observed in previous centuries. These results imply that 20th-century warming, apparently anthropogenic, has already affected lower trophic levels of the California Current.     

Seasonal Oxygen Isotopic Variations in Living Planktonic Foraminifera off Bermuda

Seasonal variations in the oxygen-18/oxygen-16 ratio of calcite shells of living planktonic foraminifera in the Sargasso Sea off Bermuda are a direct function of surface water temperature. Seasonal occurrence as well as depth habitat are determining factors in the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera. These relationships may be used to determine the seasonal temperature contrast of oceans in the past.     

三北地区内陆盐水的浮游甲壳类

１９９０～１９９１年间在三北地区盐度０．５７～２１４ｇ／Ｌ的２８个内陆水体采集了浮游甲壳类水样．共检出４３种甲壳类,其中无甲类２种,枝角类２３种,桡足类１８种。根据出现率和平均密度,浮游甲壳类的主要种类有１２种,即无甲类：卤虫;枝角类：大型、蒙古裸腹、点滴尖额和矩形尖额;桡足类：细巧华哲水蚤、亚洲后镖水蚤、直刺北镖水蚤、近邻剑水蚤、短角异剑水蚤、扁平小剑水蚤和等刺温剑水蚤。结果表明,浮游甲壳类总种数随盐度增大而趋于下降,文中讨论了内陆盐水浮游甲壳类的种类组成、分布和盐度耐性以及种类多样性与盐度、碱度、ｐＨ、离子系数之间的关系等问题。     

三北地区内陆盐水的浮游甲壳类

１９９０－１９９１年间在三北地区盐度０．５７－２１４ｇ／Ｌ的２８个内陆水体采集了浮游甲壳类水样，共检出４３种甲壳类，其中无甲类２种，枝角类２３种，桡足类１８种。根据经和平均密度，浮游甲壳类的主要种类有１２种，邓无甲类：卤虫；枝角类：大型蚤、扁平小剑水蚤和等刺温剑水蚤。     

Secondary Calcification of the Planktonic Foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma as a Climatic Index

Oscillations in the ratio of two principal types of secondary calcification of the test surface in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma populations closely parallel paleoclimatic oscillations over the last 6 million years in a deep-sea core drilled in the temperate South Pacific. The nature of secondary calcification in fossil planktonic foraminifera represents a useful index in interpreting Cenozoic climates.     

汾河太原段水体浮游藻类群落DCCA研究

对汾河太原段19km的水体设8个采样点,采集62个浮游藻类进行除趋势典范对应分析(DCCA)排序,这8个样点可分为4组,分别指示水质属于清洁、β-中污带、α-中污带和多污带。DCCA第一轴可反映水体污染程度,第二轴反映水体中Fe的浓度。物种多样性研究采用6个多样性指数,采用DCCA排序。结果表明,COD与水体污染状况关系最大,对水生生物群落物种多样性影响最显著,各多样性指数随水体污染等级加大而呈显著下降的趋势。     

贵阳市小关湖浮游藻类调查及水质评价

2008年6～12月,对小关湖(黔灵二湖)浮游藻类的种类、数量进行了3次取样调查。结果表明,6月份的浮游藻类有57种,隶属于5个门,其中绿藻门占36.84%,蓝藻门占36.84%。10月份的浮游藻类共有49种,隶属于5门,其中绿藻门占40.8%,蓝藻门32.65%;12月的浮游藻类共有46种,隶属于4个门,其中绿藻门占50%,蓝藻门占15.22%。根据浮游植物优势种的分布和数量,结合生物多样性指数分析黔灵二湖的水质情况,表明该湖的营养状况属于贫营养型。     

麒麟菜养殖区海域浮游桡足类种类组成与多样性

[目的]研究麒麟菜养殖区海域浮游桡足类种类组成与多样性。[方法]于2011年1～12月对麒麟菜养殖区海尾镇海域进行生态环境调查,分析麒麟菜养殖海区浮游桡足类种类组成与多样性,并对其与季节及麒麟菜养殖的关系进行了初步探讨。[结果]此次调查期间共出现了浮游桡足类56种,其中有13种是全年出现的,以夏、秋季较多,春、冬较少;四季共出现优势桡足类9种,出现的生态类型有近岸低盐型、广温广盐型、高温广盐型,其中以近岸低盐类型占主导。麒麟菜丰富区域浮游桡足类种类多样性高于麒麟菜不丰富区域。[结论]麒麟菜养殖和季节变化对浮游桡足类多样性有一定的影响。     

丹江口水库不同支流浮游藻类和附石藻类的比较研究

为研究河流生境差异对微型藻类生物多样性的影响,揭示指示藻类在河流生态系统健康评价中的地位,于2010年8月对丹江口水库的典型支流汉江库神定河和丹江库淇河进行了浮游藻和附石藻比较研究。结果显示,在神定河鉴定到浮游藻类7门98属193种(含变种),附石藻类3门36属61种(含变种);淇河浮游藻类为7门82属165种,附石藻类为4门10属48种(含变种)。从采集的样品中共鉴定出污染指示种15属21种(含变种),其中淇河贫营养型指示种(7种)多于神定河(6种),而其富营养指示种均低于神定河。从生物学角度判定淇河水质优于神定河。     

白花丹素体外抗细菌、真菌及其生物被膜活性研究

白花丹素是传统天然药用植物白花丹的主要活性成分之一,近年来对其所具有的抗癌活性研究较广,但对其抗菌活性研究较少,尤其是对菌类生物被膜的抗性研究国内外还未见报道。为了进一步了解白花丹素的生物活性,本研究不仅分别考察了白花丹素抗金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌以及白色念珠菌悬浮菌的活性,同时还考察了其对上述三种菌所形成的生物被膜的作用活性。依据临床实验室标准化协会提出的M27-A标准,本研究采用96孔板进行微量稀释法检测白花丹素对三种菌悬浮菌的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度;然后通过96孔板对上述三种菌分别建立生物被膜模型,最后考察白花丹素对三种菌的生物被膜最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度。结果表明,白花丹素对上述三种菌的悬浮态和生物被膜态均具有一定的抗菌活性,白花丹素具有抑制细菌和真菌生物被膜的潜在开发价值,实验为进一步研究其抗细菌和真菌生物被膜活性提供了实验基础和依据。     

ggr-Aminobutyric Acid, a Neurotransmitter, Induces Planktonic Abalone Larvae to Settle and Begin Metamorphosis

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (a simple amino acid and potent neurotransmitter in human brain and other tissues of higher animals) and certain of its congeners rapidly and synchronously induce planktonic larvae of the red abalone, Haliotis rufescens, to settle and commence behavioral and developmental metamorphosis. These naturally occurring inducers of algal origin apparently are responsible, in part, for the substrate-specific recruitment, induction of settling, and the onset of metamorphosis of abalone and other planktonic larvae upon specific algae which provide naturally favorable habitats for the young of these species in coastal waters. These observations provide a convenient experimental model for further analysis of the basic molecular mechanisms by which environmental and endogenous factors control the recruitment and development of planktonic larvae. Halogenated organic pesticides significantly interfere with larval settling, as quantified in a new bioassay based upon these findings.     

基于浮游藻类生物完整性指数的永安河小流域健康评价

[目的]根据2018年夏季对常州市永安河小流域10个样点进行浮游藻类及环境因子的监测,运用生物完整性的方法和理论,构建夏季永安河小流域浮游藻类生物完整性指数,评价夏季永安河小流域水生态健康状态.[方法]采用文献调查法筛选确定参照河流及参照点,对20个候选指标进行分布范围筛选、判别能力分析、参数间相关性分析等.[结果]获得了永安河小流域丰水期P-IBI指数的5个核心指标:藻类属的总数、硅藻属数量比例、小环藻属密度百分比、细小平裂藻属细胞密度和蓝藻门密度百分比.采用比值法统一各参数的量纲,累加后得到丰水期太湖P-IBI分值,并划分健康评价标准.[结论]应用P-IBI对研究区域水生态进行评价,1个样点评价结果为健康,7个样点评价结果为亚健康,2个样点评价结果为一般.     

云南昭通鲁甸县浮游藻类多样性研究

对昭通市鲁甸县人工湖、砚池山水库、桃源水库等不同水体中的藻类植物进行采集、观察及分类学鉴定,确定了8门43科105属440种.昭通市鲁甸县藻类植物丰富度比较高,其中绿藻门(16科53属204种)和硅藻门(12科24属148种)占优势.调查区无论是从属的数量还是从种的数量来分析,优势科(13科)多种属(21属)现象都比较明显,构成了昭通市鲁甸县藻类植物的主体.对昭通市鲁甸县的藻类植物进行研究,可补充昭通市藻类植物资源,为地方藻类研究提供可靠数据和资料.     

海棠湾近岸海域冬季浮游甲藻初步调查

2020年12月,在海棠湾近岸海域采集了浮游生物样品,显微分析结果表明,海棠湾近岸海域浮游甲藻共9种,其中有害种4种,均为赤潮生物,分别为渐尖鳍藻(Dinophysis acuminata)、倒卵形鳍藻(Dinophysis fortii)、海洋原甲藻(Prorocentrum micans)、微小原甲藻(Prorocentrum minimum).渐尖鳍藻和倒卵形鳍藻是腹泻性贝毒种,微小原甲藻是蛤仔毒素种,海洋原甲藻则是常见赤潮种.