辣椒有机生态型无土栽培基质配方试验

以炉渣、玉米秸秆、发酵牛粪、食用菌栽培废料、沼渣、糠醛渣为材料,研究了辣椒有机生态型无土栽培基质的最佳配方。结果表明:炉渣∶玉米秸秆∶牛粪∶菌棒∶糖醛=0.6∶0.6∶1∶1∶0.6(V/V)配方较为适宜辣椒有机生态型无土栽培。     

不同配比复合基质用于辣椒育苗对比试验

在温室内开展辣椒无土育苗及栽培试验,结果表明,辣椒无土育苗最佳基质配方为50%体积比的稻壳、河沙混合基质和纯稻壳基质。同时,确定了适宜本地水质的最佳营养液配方和不同基质材料及组合的增热保温方案,为无土栽培新技术的全面推广普及提供了科学依据。     

不同基质对温室辣椒无土栽培效果的研究

以配方基质和进口泥炭为试验材料,从植株各时期长势、产量等方面研究不同基质在温室辣椒无土栽培上的效果,同时对比分析不同基质持水持肥能力对辣椒生长发育的影响.结果表明:以农业废弃物为原料的配方基质由于其本身具有一定肥力,在栽培辣椒过程中不但可以明显促进辣椒的生长发育,还能在一定程度上增加产量,但其存在容重大、紧实度高、通透性差、持水持肥力过强的缺点,还有待进一步的改善.     

木薯茎秆复合基质对辣椒生长和产量的影响

以全椰糠为对照,研究发酵木薯茎秆与椰糠不同复配比例(体积比)对辣椒各项生长指标及产量的影响,筛选适合辣椒生长的最佳基质配方。研究结果表明:木薯茎秆腐熟后与椰糠按一定比例复配可作为辣椒无土栽培基质,其最佳配比为40%和60%。相比全椰糠基质,添加60%木薯茎秆的复合基质栽培的辣椒植株略矮化,前期叶片数量增长快,分支、开花、结果数量也显著提高;而添加40%木薯茎秆的复合基质配方与对照全椰糠相比单果重显著增加。所以,在生产上建议发酵木薯茎秆与椰糠复合基质的配比为40%~60%。     

辣椒无土基质栽培配方筛选试验

以威狮11号辣椒为试验材料,在日光温室秋延后茬口无土基质栽培条件下,选择3种配方开展配方优选试验,探讨各配方对辣椒的生长发育的影响,为辣椒无土基质栽培提供依据。试验设3个处理,采用随机区组设计。结果表明:在配方1:沙子、蛭石、花生糠、鸡粪(6︰2︰2︰1)栽培下辣椒基础养分含量最高,较大幅度高于配方3(C K);对辣椒品质的影响,除配方1水分略低于对照外,果实VC含量、可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖均大于对照,但只可溶性总糖的处理间有显著差异;株高、茎粗、坐果数、产量也明显高于其他两个处理,尤其是产量达到4 193.51 kg,较对照增产33.30%,达极显著性差异,综合分析认为配方1适宜作为辣椒的无土栽培基质。     

牛耳朵无土栽培基质的优化筛选

以牛耳朵为试材,泥炭、蛭石、珍珠岩、河沙、炉渣为栽培基质材料,选用HoaglandArnon全营养液浇灌,进行无土栽培试验。采用完全随机设计方法,研究了22种基质配方对牛耳朵生长及开花的影响,以期筛选出适合牛耳朵生长的无土栽培基质。结果表明:牛耳朵无土栽培基质以处理T21(泥炭+蛭石+珍珠岩=1∶1∶1)最佳,其次为处理T12(河沙)、T20(泥炭+蛭石+珍珠岩=3∶1∶1)。     

无土栽培基质对辣椒产量及品质的影响

为探讨克服蔬菜栽培中土壤盐渍化、连作障碍、辣椒单产低、品质相对较差的问题,以具有代表性的蔬菜辣椒作为研究对象,采用草炭、河沙与珍珠岩不同比例的栽培基质对辣椒进行栽培比较试验,结果表明,无土栽培和土壤栽培对辣椒植物的农艺性状、产量和品质有显著性差异,无土栽培其生长势更强、开花更早、产量和品质显著提高,草炭：河沙：珍珠岩1：1：1是增强植株生长势,提高辣椒产量和品质的最佳基质配比。     

非洲菊有机生态型无土栽培基质的筛选

 以非洲菊为试材, 炉渣、香菇渣、平菇渣、泥炭、锯末等为栽培基质材料, 消毒有机肥代替营养液, 进行有机生态型无土栽培试验。采用类旋转排列试验设计方法, 分析比较8 种基质配方与两种肥料配方组合对非洲菊生长及开花生理的影响, 并设土壤栽培对照区。结果表明, 非洲菊无土栽培基质以炉渣!香菇渣( 3! 1 ) + ( 5 kg 消毒鸡粪+ 1 kg 复合肥) / m³配方为最佳; 其次为炉渣!香菇渣!锯末!泥炭( 2!5!4!2 ) + ( 5 kg 消毒鸡粪+ 1 kg 复合肥) / m³。     

棉花秸秆为蔬菜栽培基质的可行性研究

为探索棉秸秆作为无土栽培基质原料的可行性,开展了棉花秸秆的前处理,包括粉碎、发酵、棉秆基质的配方筛选,配方组合物理性状测定。并以棉秆为主要有机基质,配合菌糠、稻壳、玉米秸、河沙、炉渣等,采用多个配方组合进行栽培试验,以西葫芦、番茄作为试验作物,确定了最佳配方组合。结果表明:棉花秸秆可以作为基质栽培的有机原料在生产上应用。     

盆栽富贵籽基质配方筛选试验研究

以泥炭、珍珠岩、蛭石、谷壳、松针土等为主要材料,根据国内外市场的不同需求,设计了12种不同的有土和无土栽培基质配方处理试验。研究结果表明:无土栽培基质配方以泥炭︰珍珠岩︰蛭石=4︰1︰1较为合适;富贵籽在有土栽培基质配方中以配比为黄泥︰谷壳︰松针土=1︰2︰2或谷壳︰松针土=1︰1的长势好,挂果枝多,经济效益增高。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Ergebnisse der Leistungsprüfungen der Süßkirschensorte ‚Stella‘ auf Gisela- und Weiroot-Unterlagen in Bulgarien

Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.