都市型薄皮甜瓜品种比较试验

为筛选出适宜在北京种植的优质都市型薄皮甜瓜品种,选取8个品种的薄皮甜瓜为试验材料,对比分析其田间长势及果实品质。结果表明:8个参试品种田间长势及果实品质均有显著差异,其中梨形瓜中丘比特果实大,外观好,果肉最厚,心糖最高,综合果实品质最优秀;长筒形瓜中博洋9号果实外观及品质较优秀,单果质量最大,果形指数好,心糖最高。综合看来,丘比特和博洋9号这2个品种可在北京地区进一步推广种植。     

早熟薄皮甜瓜品种比较试验

为了筛选适宜北京设施种植的早熟、高品质、高产量的薄皮甜瓜品种,以引进的4个早熟薄皮甜瓜品种为材料,以北京当地早熟品种京雪3号为对照,通过调查不同品种的田间性状、生育期,测定果实的横径、纵径、单果质量、可溶性固形物含量,比较分析品种间的差异。试验结果表明,组5果实发育期最短、早熟性好、口感酥脆、品质高,667m~2产量达2112kg,较高产,综合表现较优,可作为北京地区抢早种植品种。     

三种类型薄皮甜瓜品种比较试验

在海南试种的基础上,以精选的3种类型14个薄皮甜瓜品种为试材,通过调查不同品种的田间性状、各个生育期,测定果实的横径、纵径、单果质量、含糖量,比较分析了不同类型甜瓜品种间差异,以筛选适宜北京设施种植的高品质、高产量的薄皮甜瓜品种。结果表明:各品种在果实外观、单果质量、糖含量、口感等方面均存在一定差异;其中,绿皮类型综合表现良好的品种是"北农翠玉",口感好,果形好,产量高;白皮类型综合表现良好的品种是"蜜脆香园",口感好,产量高;花皮类型综合表现良好的品种是"花蕾",虽然产量没有较大的优势,但是口感较好。筛选的优良品种可进一步在北京地区推广栽培。     

北京地区“老口味”薄皮甜瓜品种比较试验

为了筛选出适宜北京设施种植的高品质、高产量的"老口味"薄皮甜瓜品种,收集了7个品种作为材料,调查不同品种的田间性状、生育期,测定果实横径、纵径、单果质量、含糖量等指标。试验结果表明,各品种在果实外观、单果质量、含量糖、口感等方面均存在一定差异,综合表现以口口脆最佳,其植株长势健壮、产值高、口感好,在北京地区有较大的推广前景。     

赣榆地区海蜜网纹甜瓜品种比较试验

为筛选适合连云港市赣榆地区栽培的网纹甜瓜品种,调查比较了 7个网纹甜瓜品种的田间性状、抗性、生育期、果实性状、产量、品质等.试验结果表明,海蜜9号生长势、果形较好,口感好、抗病性强、商品性好且高产,适合在当地进行推广.     

不同砧木嫁接对薄皮甜瓜生长和果实品质的影响

研究了不同砧木对嫁接后薄皮甜瓜植株生长、果实产量和品质的影响,以期筛选出适宜薄皮甜瓜嫁接的砧木品种。以薄皮甜瓜美浓为接穗,选取8个市场上常用的砧木品种作为嫁接砧木,以自根苗为对照,调查了不同砧木品种嫁接后甜瓜的植株茎粗、果实产量和果实品质等指标。结果表明,嫁接苗的综合性状优于自根苗;通过对嫁接苗综合性状的分析,结果显示,藤砧、京砧3号和青砧1号这3个砧木品种适宜作为美浓的嫁接砧木。通过对10个评价指标进行主成分分析,获得前3个综合因子,累积方差贡献率达到80.34%。研究结果可为薄皮甜瓜嫁接砧木选择提供参考。     

台州地区厚皮甜瓜品种筛选试验

为筛选出适宜浙江台州地区设施栽培的优质厚皮甜瓜品种,作者以东方蜜1号和玉姑为对照,以5个脆肉型、4个软肉型厚皮甜瓜品种为试验材料,开展了品种比较试验.试验结果表明,脆肉型厚皮甜瓜浙甜105早熟,植株长势较旺,抗性中等,果实一致性好,中心糖度高达18.1％,每667 m2产量为2673 kg,田间留果时间长且品质受影响小...     

薄皮甜瓜嫁接砧木亲和性研究

分别将3个常用砧木品种与3个薄皮甜瓜品种进行嫁接,以研究薄皮甜瓜嫁接砧木与不同品种薄皮甜瓜嫁接亲和性与共生亲和性差异、嫁接苗与自根苗的果实性状差异。试验结果显示,同一砧木与不同接穗间的嫁接成活率、成苗率、有效苗率差异不明显;与自根苗比较,各接穗品种果实的折光糖含量有所下降,但差异不明显;平均单果质量、单株瓜数、单株产量差异明显,说明薄皮甜瓜嫁接砧木的嫁接亲和性、共生亲和性相对稳定,不因接穗品种而异。     

不同甜瓜砧木品种对薄皮甜瓜生长及品质的影响

以引进的6个甜瓜砧木为试材,采用插接法,研究了不同砧木嫁接后薄皮甜瓜嫁接成活率、植株性状、果实性状、产量及品质,以期为选择高产、优良、耐低温的薄皮甜瓜砧木品种提供参考依据。结果表明:通过嫁接提高了甜瓜植株抗性及产量,筛选出了"圣砧一号"和"青雪甜砧"适合作为薄皮甜瓜优良、高产、耐低温的砧木。     

甜瓜新品种‘新甜1号’周年高效栽培技术

<正>‘新甜1号’是河南省新乡市农业科学院最新育成的兼具薄皮甜瓜特性的中早熟厚皮甜瓜杂交新品种,该品种全生育期85~120 d,果实发育期33d左右,植株长势强,综合抗性好,田间表现高抗病毒病,中抗枯萎病与白粉病。果实高圆形,果皮白色,果肉橙红色,肉厚3.5~4.0 cm,可溶性固形物含量16%~18.5%,口感好,风味佳。平均单果质量1.8 kg,每667 m2产量3 500~4 000 kg,适宜河南保     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Ergebnisse der Leistungsprüfungen der Süßkirschensorte ‚Stella‘ auf Gisela- und Weiroot-Unterlagen in Bulgarien

Zusammenfassung Die Leistungsprüfungen wurden im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2003 mit den Unterlagen Gisela 4 und 5, den Klonnummern 195/20 und 497/8 aus der Gisela-Serie sowie Weiroot 10, 13, 53, 72 und 158 durchgeführt. Dabei dienten Sämlinge von P1 (bulgarische Selektion aus Prunus mahaleb) als Kontrolle. Alle Unterlagen waren mit der Sorte Stella veredelt und im Dezember 1996 in der Versuchsanlage der Agraruniversität in Plovdiv, Bulgarien, im Abstand von 6 m×4,5 m gepflanzt worden. Dabei erfolgte ein Pflanzschnitt. Nach Abschluss der natürlichen Kronenentwicklung wurde jedes Jahr ein Winterschnitt vorgenommen. Der Boden wurde durch mechanische Bearbeitung offen gehalten und nach dem 4. Standjahr wurden die Baumstreifen mit Herbiziden behandelt. Die Wasserversorgung erfolgte durch eine dem natürlichen Gefälle folgende Überflutung, allerdings nicht immer zum optimalen Zeitpunkt, da keine eigene Wasserquelle zur Verfügung stand.Basierend auf den Ergebnissen bis zum Anfang des 7. Standjahres können die untersuchten Unterlagen in zwei Gruppen differenziert werden: starkwüchsig—Weiroot 10, P1 und Weiroot 13; mittelstarkwachsend bis schwachwüchsig—Gi 497/8, Gisela 4, Weiroot 53, Weiroot 158, Gi 195/20, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 5. Letztere zeichnete sich durch besondere Schwachwüchsigkeit aus. Die meisten Wurzelschosser bildeten Gisela 4, Weiroot 10 und Weiroot 13. Weiroot 53, Weiroot 72 und Weiroot 158 entwickelten deutlich weniger und P1, Gisela 5, Gi 195/20 sowie Gi 497/8 keine Wurzelschosser. Den frühesten Blühbeginn induzierte Gisela 4. Die anderen Unterlagen führten, in Abhängigkeit von den Temperaturbedingungen des jeweiligen Jahres, zu einer Verspätung der Blüte: P1 und Weiroot 10 um 1–2 Tage; Gi 497/8, Weiroot 13 und Weiroot 158 um 2–4 Tage; Weiroot 72 um 2–7 Tage; Gi 195/20 um 3–6 Tage; Weiroot 53 um 3–8 Tage und Gisela 5 um 3–10 Tage. Die Reifezeit der Früchte war bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 im Vergleich zu den anderen Varianten um 2–3 Tage verspätet. Gisela 5, Weiroot 72 und Gisela 4 induzierten bei der aufveredelten Sorte die höchsten Ertragsleistungen, P1 die geringsten. Bei den Bäumen auf Gisela 5 war die Fruchtgröße geringer als bei den anderen Unterlagen. Bäume auf Gisela 5 brauchen intensive Pflege. Nur wenn alle Produktionsfaktoren und kulturtechnischen Maßnahmen optimiert werden, kann das hohe Ertragspotenzial dieser Unterlage ausgeschöpft werden.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.