Slicing Algorithm Based on the New Laminated Object Manufacturing Process

To solve some key problems existing in the manufacturing of metallic functional part via Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), the new LOM process is presented. The requirements of the slicing data adapting new LOM process have been put forward, the corresponding calculating expressions have been deduced and the slicing processes of CAD model have been implemented     

猕猴桃加热与冷冻干燥中叶绿素和醌类物质的变化

阐明猕猴桃在加热干燥和真空冷冻干燥下的褐变情况,为猕猴桃的科学加工提供依据,对干燥过程中猕猴桃的叶绿素和醌类化合物含量变化进行了研究和分析。在加热干燥条件下,猕猴桃切片厚度为5mm和6mm,在温度60～65℃干燥时的叶绿素损失量较少,醌类化合物含量较低,样品褐变程度较轻;在温度-35℃真空冷冻干燥时,5mm厚度猕猴桃切片的叶绿素损失量较少,6mm厚度猕猴桃切片的醌类化合物含量最低,褐变程度较轻;真空冷冻干燥后的样品褐变程度明显低于加热干燥,以采取5～6mm猕猴桃切片厚度,在温度-35℃下真空冷冻干燥为宜。     

真空油炸马铃薯片加工工艺的研究

对以马铃薯为原料生产的真空油炸片的加工工艺进行了研究探讨。主要研究了切片厚度、油炸温度、油炸时间、真空度以及脱油条件对产品品质的影响,确定了最佳工艺参数。     

预应力CFRP布及预紧螺栓加固RC梁试验研究

为提高碳纤维布加固RC结构的效果及其可靠性,提出了预应力碳纤维布与预紧螺栓联合加固技术。结合在役RC梁的损伤特点及目前的RC梁加固方法,分别采用不同的碳纤维布加固技术对完整梁和破坏梁的抗弯性能进行了对比试验研究。针对目前碳纤维布张拉设备的缺陷,研发了便于现场应用的新型碳纤维布布张拉设备,分析了预应力大小对加固效果的影响。结果表明,预应力碳纤维布及预紧螺栓联合加固技术是一种更可靠的桥梁加固方法,不仅能够提高RC梁正截面的抗弯承载能力及正常使用阶段的截面刚度,而且螺栓预紧锚固碳纤维布能够很好地抑制其在混凝土表面的剥离,提高碳纤维布与混凝土表面之间粘结强度,对碳纤维布施加预应力能够充分发挥其高强性能,有效抑制混凝土裂缝开裂和开展。     

川贝雪梨脆片变温压差膨化干燥应用技术

以雪梨为主要原料,配以川贝母、百合、甘草等药典成方药食同源中药熏蒸,强化雪梨产品的食疗功效;在生产过程中利用真空膨化干燥设备,应用变温压差膨化干燥技术,形成了较完善的川贝雪梨脆片变温压差膨化干燥技术工艺。     

微波真空干燥处理对铁棍山药多糖得率和干燥特性影响

研究微波真空干燥处理操作参数(微波功率、真空度和切片厚度)对铁棍山药多糖得率及其干燥特性的影响。以多糖得率为试验指标,采用3因素3水平正交试验,对铁棍山药的微波真空干燥工艺参数进行优化。试验结果表明,铁棍山药微波真空干燥过程中干燥阶段特征明显。所获取的铁棍山药多糖的最佳微波真空干燥操作参数为:微波功率1 200 W,真空度0.04 MPa,切片厚度8 mm。此工艺条件下铁棍山药多糖实测得率为10.01%。     

双季稻区长期不同施肥管理对大麦干物质积累及产量的影响

为探明双季稻区不同施肥制度对大麦干物质积累及产量的影响, 以 ‘通 0306’ 和 ‘蒙啤麦 1号’ 为材料, 采用田间小区试验方法, 系统比较研究了 30%有机肥+70%化肥、 60%有机肥+40%化肥和无肥 3种施肥制度对大麦干物质积累及产量的影响。结果表明, 大麦主要生育期, 单株根系、 茎干物质和地上部分干重均表现为 60%有机肥＞30%有机肥＞无肥; 分蘖期至成熟期, 各处理间大麦单株根系和茎干重差异均达显著水平。叶、 穗均表现为 60%有机肥＞30%有机肥＞无肥, 60%有机肥和 30%有机肥处理均显著高于对照。分蘖期到成熟期, 根系干重占总干物质量的比例为无肥＞30%有机肥＞60%有机肥, 穗干重比例为 30%有机肥＞60%有机肥＞无肥; 拔节期到成熟期, 茎的比例均以 60%有机肥处理最高; 叶干物质比例在成熟期为无肥＞60%有机肥＞30%有机肥。大麦主要生育期, 30%有机肥和 60%有机肥处理大麦叶片 SPAD值均显著高于无肥处理; 成熟期, 各处理间差异达显著水平。大麦各生育期, 各处理大麦单株叶面积表现为 60%有机肥＞30%有机肥＞无肥。各施肥处理大麦产量表现为 60%有机肥＞30%有机肥＞无肥, 分别比无肥增产 717.45~721.15 kg/hm²和 756.45~782.05 kg/hm²。说明不同施肥制度大麦干物质积累和产量有各自特征, 有机肥与化肥配施处理植株干物质总量大而且分配合理, 有利于改善产量构成因素, 增加大麦产量。     

Progress in Studies on Mechanical Alloying

Mechanical Alloying(MA),as one of the high techniques on preparing alloy power,made it possible to alloy some materials which can not be realized with the traditional melting craft in the past.Meanwhile,the quasi-stable state and non-equilibrium state which are far from thermodynamic equilibrium and the synthesis of new materials can be realized.The technique of MA caused extensive concern in the material science field.With MA technique,the research in recent years on theory models and solid-state reactions were summarized.The applying progress of the MA technique in preparing materials such as dispersion strengthened alloy,intermetallics,function material and metastable materials(including non-crystal,pseudo crystal,supersaturated solid solution and nano-crystal) are detailed,and the development trend of the MA technique is prospected.     

牛初乳液态奶和牛初乳粉的加工工艺探讨

在查阅大量资料的基础上,结合乳品厂工作的实践经验,探讨牛初乳液态奶和牛初乳粉的加工工艺,结果表明,牛初乳的加工工艺与常乳大体相同,只是由于牛初乳的热稳定性差,其杀菌、干燥、浓缩等工艺条件与常乳不同。通常条件下,牛初乳的杀菌温度为60℃,时间为30min,也可以用辐照等高科技技术手段杀菌,辐照杀菌采用~(60)Co,剂量≤8.4kGy;真空浓缩压力>81kPa,温度≤60℃,浓缩后的奶液干物质含量达到40%～60%;干燥可以采用冷冻真空干燥或低温真空喷雾干燥法,前者用小于规模干燥,真空度为0.3～0.8MPa,料液受热温度<65℃,热蒸汽温度控制在70～75℃。     

Assessment of drought tolerance among Algerian maize populations from oases of the Saharan

Maize (Zea mays L.) is severely affected by drought and this challenge is expected to worsen with climate change. One of the most promising solutions is breeding for drought tolerance that requires the identification of sources of drought tolerance. Eighteen maize populations from the Algerian Sahara were evaluated along with three European and two American checks in two Algerian locations under drought and control conditions. Under drought conditions, Algerian populations had large variability for most traits and the populations BTM and LOM out yielded most checks. The ratio yield under drought/yield under control conditions was 65.90, 65.33, and 53.23% for BTM, TAO and LOM, respectively. These populations maintained also yield components such as grain weight, ear length, number of kernel rows, ears per plant, and leaf area under stress conditions; furthermore, they have reduced leaf rolling. TAO and BTM presented the highest relative water content, and LOM had the highest proline content. Algerian populations can be considered as a novel source of favorable alleles for drought tolerance and show a wide variety of mechanisms of response to drought.     

Microcomputer Controlled Resistance Welding Power Source

A new tape resistance welding power source based on 80C196KC single-chip microcomputer was developed.The MOSFET group worked at linear state was used as current adjuster.Arbitrary control of current waveform was achieved first in the moment of resistance welding.So that it is possible to weld with optimal current waveform in resistance welding.The power source was used in the welding of bridge band,that solved the problem occurred at traditional welding means,and met the strict requirement of the welding quality of bridge band.The practice shows that it is an ideal power source in the precise welding of minisize metallic workpiece.     

Research and developments of manufacturing technology onwind turbine gearbox

The manufacturing quality and technology of gearbox, which is a core component, is the key guarantee for the superior performance of wind turbine. Wind turbine gearbox manufacturing is a comprehensiveness technique involved multiple disciplines. To realize the digital lean manufacturing, the in-depth research on the fundamental process theory and the process control method should be carried out by taking full advantage of the existing techniques. Also, some new technologies, new processes and new materials should be investigated and applied. By considering the structural features and the actual operational condition for wind turbine gearbox and combining production practices, the requirements and characteristics of the process techniques are summarized. The research state, existing problems, applications and development tendency of high-performance wind turbine gear manufacturing, housing manufacturing and planet carrier manufacturing are analyzed. Then some methods are proposed to improve the manufacturing efficiency and control the heat treatment deformation. Finally, the test techniques for wind turbine are introduced. It has project practical significance for the manufacturing of wind turbine gearboxes.     

多点锚固体外无粘结CFRP预应力加固RC梁的抗弯性能

在梁侧或梁底用波形齿横向张拉CFRP片材并锚固的体外预应力加固混凝土结构技术,对3根完全相同的7 m跨T形截面梁进行加固：其中2根梁侧面加固;1根梁底部加固。试验表明：多点锚固体外无粘结CFRP预应力可以依据构件的弯矩来调整各段的加固量从而更有效的利用CFRP材料的高强性能;梁底与梁侧加固对提高构件的抗弯刚度差别不大;波形齿能彻底解决预应力CFRP片材的锚固问题。以该3根加固梁的试验结果为基础,提出了梁体极限状态下塑性绞区长度的体外无粘结预应力碳纤维加固受弯构件的抗弯承载力公式,以及考虑二次效应的有效惯性矩法的挠曲变形的计算公式,通过与试验值的对比分析可知,所提出的方法可供设计参考使用。     

Measuring the flux of oxygen to a muddy sediment with a cylindrical microcosm

We have examined the effects of changing the flow velocity and the oxygen concentratin in the water overlying a muddy sediment on the flux of oxygen across the sediment-water interface and on the distribution of oxygen within the pore water. The experiment was carried out on an intertidal sediment from the western Wadden Sea, using a cylindrical microcosm with a calibrated flow regime. Steady-state and transient-state models were used to estimate the values of the effective diffusion coefficient for oxygen in the pore water.Increasing the flow velocity caused a significant though small increase in the oxygen concentration in the pore water, but had little effect on the concentration gradient at the sediment-water interface. The concentration gradient in the boundary layer was too small at any of the flow velocities to account for the oxygen flux into the sediment via molecular diffusion. This is ascribed to a pressure gradient which exists in rotating flows, disrupting the diffusive boundary layer and augmenting the flux via advection. Model calculations indicate that about 25% of the flux can be attributed to irrigation by burrowing organisms, but in contrast to previous results with sandy sediments, irrigation of the pore water caused by the radial pressure gradient can be considered to be negligible. The effective diffusion coefficient ranged from 4·10⁻⁹ m²·s⁻¹ at a depth of 1 mm below the sediment-water interface to 1·10⁻⁹ m²·s⁻¹ deeper in the sediment. These estimates are within a factor of 1 to 3 of the modelular diffusion coefficient for oxygen, which is suprisingly close in view of the high numerical densities of meiofauna and macrofauna in this sediment.     

A New Method for Parameterized Design of Metallic Doors and Windows

According to the graphics characteristics of metallic doors & windows design and based on the research of graphics dimension restriction problems. This paper provides a new method for parameterized design of metallic doors & windows in virtue of expression solution. In this method, the restrictions of graphic elements have been changed into the parameter expressions of sizes and positions of graphic elements. Through the calculation of such expressions, the parameter driven method has been reached. Thus the parameterization of graphics can be easier and quicker than before. It can be used to setup the open parameterized graphics libraries.     

红麻对短光钝感材料的发掘及其研究

为解决我国长江、淮河流域红麻主产区春播能留种，大面积夏播不早花且纤维相对高产问题，在我国拥有的红麻育种材料中发现了１５份现蕾开花期对光长变化钝感的材料。纯感材料在短光下第一朵花节位在１９￣３７节之间，播种至始花在８０￣１０５天之间，变异丰富。其中１份材料在正常生长季节表现早熟，其余晚熟。敏感材料在短光下的始花节位在８￣１１节之间，始花时间比钝感材料提前２８￣５８天。经遗传分析，钝感对敏感表现为隐性     

农杆菌介导贵州平塘黑糯茎尖转化获得转McCHIT1基因水稻研究

为了提高农杆菌介导的水稻茎尖遗传转化效率,笔者以贵州特有的地方水稻品种‘平塘黑糯’茎尖为材料,以含有Ubiqutin 启动子驱动苦瓜几丁质酶基因McCHIT1 表达的植物表达载体pCambia-Ubi-McCHIT1 为转化载体,采用正交试验设计,系统研究了菌液OD600值、真空处理时间和真空渗透压强对水稻茎尖遗传转化效率的影响。结果表明：在3 个因素中,真空处理时间是影响水稻转化效率和死亡率的最关键因素。农杆菌介导‘平塘黑糯’茎尖遗传转化的最优条件为农杆菌菌液浓度OD600为1.0、真空处理时间为7 min、真空渗透压强为15 kPa。GUS组织化学染色和PCR分子鉴定表明,通过本研究优化的农杆菌介导水稻茎尖遗传转化体系,已将苦瓜的几丁质酶基因McCHIT1 已整合到水稻基因组中,获得转McCHIT1基因‘平塘黑糯’新种质。     

山楂真空干燥特性及动力学模拟

为了探求山楂真空干燥过程中失重率的变化情况和失重动力学,提高干燥速率,实现山楂规模化干燥,对不同真空干燥条件（山楂切片厚度、温度、真空度）下山楂干燥特性进行了研究。对厚度分别为0.15、0.30、0.50 cm的山楂切片的失重率进行计算机拟合,建立了山楂干燥数学模型,并进行拟合验证对比检验。结果表明：干燥温度越高、真空度越低、山楂切片厚度越小,山楂的干燥速率越快;山楂干燥失重的动力学模型为Page模型,模型的拟合验证表明该拟合在误差范围内。     

微波膨化技术在食品中的应用研究

膨化技术作为一种新型食品生产技术,正逐步在食品工业中得到广泛的应用。微波膨化是利用微波的加热特性,使物料产生蒸气压梯度,当物料压力大于它所承受能力时瞬间出现膨化现象。由于微波的低温高效作用,使食品能较好地保留其营养成分,保持食品原有的色、香、味,保证食品的品质。介绍了微波技术的机理及应用,着重讨论了微波膨化技术的作用机理、特点及在食品中的应用,详细论述了影响淀粉微波膨化效果的主要因素。     

Parameters design of powertrain system of electric vehicle with two-speed gearbox

The Brilliouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) is a newly developed technique adopted to measure and monitor the strain and temperature generated along optical fibers. The BOTDA has the characteristics of distributed measurement, long distance, high precision and durability, so it is suitable to structural health monitoring. Then a new optical fiber sensor embedded method based on air-blowing and vacuum grouting is introduced. It can lay the long distance distributed optical fiber into the concrete easily in short time. An experiment has been set up to study the validity of the new method, which shows that the embedded optical fiber can measure the concrete strain accurately, and it can realize the comprehensive, long-term, stable and real-time health monitoring to the civil structure.