谈谈园林植物配置

近年来 ,石家庄市的园林绿化工作成绩喜人 ,不仅绿化面积迅速扩大 ,而且绿地的设计水平不断提高 ,植物配置的形式丰富多彩 ,产生了良好的生态效益和景观效果。不过 ,笔者认为 ,有些绿地中的植物配置尚有待改进 ,以充分发挥其效益 ,因此 ,提出一些想法 ,供大家参考。1　绿篱的使     

绿色植物生长调节剂在南方主要栽培植物上的应用研究

根据南方的气候特点，对不同地区的不同环境和植物种类组织，在全省１４个市（州）开展了新剂型的应用研究。试验结果表明：绿色植物生长调节剂比原ＡＢＴ生根粉１～５号使用简便，效果更好。可大力应用。     

Effects and mode of action of some plant extracts on certain plant parasitic nematodes

Exposure to standard solution S extract ofPunica granatum, Thymus vulgaris andArtemisia absinthium for 72 h reduced the numbers of active nematodes by 100% forMeloidogyne incognita and by 95.7%, 71.4% and 42.9% forHelicotylenchus dihystera, respectively. Exposure to S/2 dilutions for 72 h reduced nematode motility by 100%, 77.3 and 72.7% forM. incognita, and by 92.9%, 37,1%, and 37,1% forH. dihystera, respectively. As exposure to S and S/2 extracts ofCitrullus colosynthis andRicinus communis reduced nematode motility by less than 32% forM. incognita and by less than 30% forH. dihystera. WhenM. incognita andH. dihystera were transfered to water for 72h, more than 85% of the individuals resumed normal movement at all extract dilutions except S ofA. absinthium andT. vulgaris and S and S/2 ofP. granatum. However, recovery ofM. incognita was more less than that ofH. dihystera. Exposure to S extracts ofP. granatum andT. vulgaris for 30 days reduced egg-hatching ofM. incognita by 100% and by 98.7% for S/2 dilutions. Also, 98.7% reduction in the egg-hatching was obtained by S ofA. absinthium. Extracts ofC. colosynthsis andR. communis gave less egg-hatching inhibition. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was suppressed by more than 75% inH. dihystera treated with S of each ofP. granatum, T. vulgaris andA. absinthium. However, the former extract gave the highest AChE inhibition (98.7%). When nematodes were treated with oxamyl (Vydate 24%), AChE activity was suppressed by 53.3%. The other extract dilutions suppressed AChE activity by less than 50%.     

深圳市植物物种指数与本地植物指数分析

以文献调研为主,结合野外踏查,对深圳市野生植物和常见栽培植物、建成区内本地植物和外来植物进行了统计分析,得出深圳市"植物物种指数"为0.789,"本地植物指数"为0.701;还分析了深圳植物的区系特点和外来植物的应用现状。       

植物种群的生殖分配

本文介绍了生殖分配的概念、测度方法和分配的通货，然后分析植物生活史特征、生境因子和植物生殖分配的关系，最后指出我国应加强该方面的研究，以与国际早日接轨。     

椿黄培育技术

椿黄在河南省汝南园林学校生产实验场首次培育成功。利用不透光容器，套在正在萌发的香椿芽上即可获得黄化香椿芽——椿黄。     

植物促生根圈细菌诱导植物系统抗性的研究进展

该文简要回顾了植物根圈促生细菌(PGPR)能够诱导植物系统抗病性(ISR)这一领域的研究历史,对ISR作用机理、研究法则、研究内容及其它相关问题进行了总结探讨,并展望其未来的研究方向。     

Nitrogen transfer between N2-fixing plant and non-N2-fixing plant

The transfer mechanisms, calculating methods and ecological significance of nitrogen transfer between legumes and non-legumes are briefly reviewed. There are three pathways of nitrogen transfer from legumes to neighboring non-legumes: (1) the nitrogen pass in soluble form from the donor legume root into the soil solution, move by diffusion or/and mass flow to the receiver root and be taken up by the latter; (2) nitrogen pass into the soil solution as before, be taken up and transported by mycorrhizal hyphae attached to the receiver roots; (3) if mycorrhizal hyphae form connections (bridges) between the two root systems, the nitrogen could pass into the fungus within the donor root and be transported into the receiver root without ever being in the soil solution. The mechanisms of nitrogen transfer between N₂-fixing plants and non-N₂-fixing plants are reviewed in terms of indirect and direct pathways. The indirect N-transfer process is related to the release of nitrogen from legumes (donor plants), the possible interaction of this nitrogen with soil, the decomposition and mineralization of legumes and turnover of nitrogen, the nitrogen absorbing and competing abilities of the legume and the non-legume (receiver plant). The direct nitrogen transfer process is generally considered to be related to the nitrogen gradient and physiological imbalance between legumes and non-legumes, and when the donor legume lies in stressful stage (i.e. removal of shoots or attacked by insects), the nitrogen transfer can be improved significantly. The methods of determining nitrogen transfer (indirect¹⁵N-isotope dilution method and direct¹⁵N determination method) are evaluated, and their advantages and shortcomings are shown in this review. Foundation Item: This paper was funded by National Science Foundation and Doctor Foundation of China. Biography: J{upang} San-na (1970-), male. Ph. doctor, engineer in Collage of Resource and Environment. Beijing Forestry University Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

Nitrogen transfer between N2-fixing plant and non-N2-fixing plant

IntroductionNitrogenisanelementthatcyclesthroughanecosyst6mandneedstobepresentatacertain'minimumIeveItosust8inthatsystem.lnaninterspe-ciesconteXt,thebeneficiaIeff6ctsofN2-fixingpIantsinecosyst6ms,duetOtheirc0ntributionofnitr0gen,havebeenobservedbysucceedinggenerationsofagronomists,f0rest6rs,andecoIogists.Thein-terpIantsofN2-fixingplantsandnon-N2-fixingplantsarepraCticedtoincreasetotaIyieldandreducetheneedfOrf6Ftilizersinput,andithasbeenshownthatpartoftheassimiIatedNinthenon-N2-fixingpIa…     

植物病原真菌毒素

植物真菌病害是植物的主要病害，毒素作为引发病害的重要因子之一而受到广泛的注意。已有不少学者对病原真菌毒素作了深入而详尽的研究。本文综述了近年来有关植物病原真菌素的种类及特点，并对毒素的应有前景作了简要的分析和展望。     

比利时Oprins植物公司访记

2003年3月初,我应邀访问了位于比利时安特卫普的Oprins植物公司。该公司成立1976年,是世界领先的竹子和观赏植物生产者。它在法国和西班牙设有子公司,在南非及印度尼西亚设有合资企业。该公司在比利时共有员工50人,年产值 700万欧元,现拥有 100 hm~2生产基地,括 4 hm~2温室,4hm~2盆栽区。目前该公司大量生产800个品种的观赏植物。公司总裁Oprins先生陪同我参观了很先进的竹子组培试验室,温室和苗圃。竹子组培苗从开始到出圃上市需2a时间。在     

观赏植物与旅游

从旅游资源开发的角度看待观赏植物花卉 ,并通过时令花卉及各地举办的花节、花卉食品、花卉类旅游纪念品三个方面论述了开发花卉旅游资源。     

Antioxidant activity of medicinal plant polysaccharides

Eleven polysaccharides have been isolated from the leaves of Arctium lappa var. herkules, Aloe barbadensis, Althaea officinalis var. robusta, Plantago lanceolata var. libor, aerial parts and roots of Rudbeckia fulgida var. sullivantii, stems of Mahonia aquifolium, and peach-tree (Prunus persica) gum exudates. The polysaccharides were investigated for their ability to inhibit peroxidation of soyabean lecithin liposomes by OH radicals. The highest inhibition was found with glucuronoxylans of A. officinalis var. robusta and P. lanceolata var. libor, aerial parts. Their antioxidant activity accounted for approximately 69% of the activity of the reference compound alpha-tocopherol. The activity of eight polysaccharides ranged from 20 to 45%, while the fructofuranan from P. lanceolata var. libor roots was practically inactive.     

植物种质资源的超低温保存

植物种质资源是最重要的自然资源之一,因此研究植物种质资源保存技术对维持物种多样性具有重要的现实意义.超低温保存作为离体保存技术的重要组成部分,具有多种优点,是植物种质资源长期保存的理想方法.本文从超低温保存的基本原理、常用方法、影响因素和作用机理等几方面进行简要的阐述,期望超低温保存技术能在植物种质资源保存中得到更为广泛的应用.     

浅析药用植物与绿化

述叙了药用植物在园林绿化中的作用、应用方式以及品种的选择。     

Antioxidant activity of Paraguayan plant extracts

The antioxidant properties of six medical herbs used in the traditional Paraguayan medicine were studied using free radical-generating systems. The methanol extracts from Aristolochia giberti, Cecropia pachystachya, Eugenia uniflora, Piper fulvescens, Schinus weinmannifolia and Schinus terebinthifolia protected against enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation in microsomal membranes of rat. C. pachystachya, E. uniflora, S. weinmannifolia and S. terebinthifolia showed the highest scavenging activity on the superoxide and DPPH radicals.     

地被植物在园林设计中的应用

总结了园林设计中地被植物的几种应用手法：暗示空间边界、稳固土表、覆盖地表、吸引注意力，并提出园林中地被植物应用设计的原则，对地被植物在园林设计中广泛地、科学地应用具有现实意义。     

植物组织培养中的专家系统

参考各种专家系统的设计方案,将植物组织培养的有关知识与专家系统相结合,提供创立植物组织培养专家系统的一些思路。