体外培育抗苏拉灭伊氏锥虫克隆

将３个苏拉灭敏感的伊氏锥虫原种的克隆连续培养于改良Ｂａｌｔｚ无细胞培养系统中，通过逐步提高培养基中苏拉灭的含量，培育了３个抗苏拉灭的伊氏锥虫克隆─ＪＧｃ１－１６０、ＪＸ－１ｃ１－１６０和ＺＪｃ１－１４０。它们体外药敏试验的ＩＣ５０依次为３５８．５、４１２．３和２４６．４μｇ／ｍＬ，是各自亲本克隆的１２９２．５、１８７４．１和１７６０．ｏ倍；小鼠治疗试验的ＣＤ１００，对免疫功能正常小鼠依次为８０、１２０和３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，为各自亲本克隆的５．３、８．０和３．０倍，对免疫抑制小鼠为２５０、３００和１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ，分别是相应免疫正常小鼠的３．１、２．５和３．３倍。试验结果表明，抗锥虫药治疗剂量不足和宿主免疫功能不全是导致产生抗药虫株的重要因素，各自既可单独发挥作用，又可相互协同。本文报道了体外培育伊氏锥虫抗药虫株的方法，这一方法对研究锥虫抗药性具有重要作用。     

体外培养对布氏锥虫伊氏亚种药敏性的影响

用小鼠治疗试验和体外药敏试验观察了4个布氏锥虫伊氏亚种虫株在长期体外培养条件下药敏性的稳定性.各虫株的原始群体、连续培养30d和90d的群体对贝尼尔、苏拉灭、安锥赛和硫胂聚氰胺的敏感性基本相同,说明连续培养90d各虫株对上述4种抗锥虫药的敏感性无明显改变.     

伊氏锥虫对安锥赛抗药性机制的初步探讨

选用克隆伊氏锥虫的安锥赛敏感株 C0 1、C0 3和 5个不同程度抗药株 C1、C2、C4、C6、C7,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离它们的己糖激酶 (HK)、6 -磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶 (G6 PDH)、丙氨酸转氨酶 (AL AT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶 (ASAT)同功酶 ,并测定胆碱酯酶活性。结果 ,这 5种酶与伊氏锥虫对安锥赛产生抗药性无关。用 SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离和测定这 7个样品的粗蛋白质 ,结果相对分子质量为 15 790带在抗药株 C1、C2、C4、C6和 C7含量较高 ,这表明它可能与安锥赛抗药性的产生有一定关系 ;相对分子质量为 1976 0带在高抗药株 C4、C6和 C7的含量很高 ,这表明它可能也与抗药性的产生有一定关系     

纳豆芽孢杆菌对饲料中常用药物的敏感性和抗药性研究

纳豆芽孢杆菌由于具有芽孢保护,可以抵抗外界不良环境和酶降解,但是关于抗生素和化学药物对其影响的研究较少.试验通过检测纳豆芽孢杆菌对饲料中常用的一些化学药物和抗生素的敏感性,确定了纳豆芽孢杆菌在使用中需要注意的禁忌与配伍,同时对纳豆芽孢杆菌的耐药性进行了检测.     

A biochemical and immunological comparative study on Trypanosoma equiperdum and Trypanosoma evansi

Trypanosoma equiperdum and Trypanosoma evansi were purified by three or four cycles of low-speed centrifugation and final filtration through DEAE cellulose. The purified trypanosomes were used in comparative biochemical and immunological studies. Comparative polypeptide pattern analysis revealed that T. equiperdum showed 21 polypeptide bands, whose M _r ranged from >200 to 14.8 kDa. T. evansi showed 25 polypeptide bands in the M _r range 97–14.8 kDa. The main differences were associated with the presence of secondary bands, relative intensity and the number of bands. Both species gave seven glycoprotein bands; those of 97 and 68 kDa were present in T. equiperdum but absent in T. evansi. Bands of 61 and 28 kDa were present in T. evansi but not in T. equiperdum. Anti-T. equiperdum sera recognized four homologous antigens and cross-reacted with three antigens of T. evansi. Anti-T. evansi sera recognized three homologous antigens and cross-reacted with four T. equiperdum antigens. Four identical proteolytic protease bands were present for both species, while only one surface protein was detected for each species: 66 kDa for T. equiperdum and 62 kDa for T. evansi.     

伊氏锥虫体外培养株的建立及其HGPRT活性测定

用带虫培养法和带虫传代法建立了伊氏锥虫体外培养株，无论有、无饲养细胞，虫体均能快速增殖。培养７０ｄ以上，虫体仍保持原有生物学特性，对小鼠有感染性，活力旺盛，在体外能连续培养传代。虫数最高达２．４８×１０６／ｍＬ，群体增倍时间为８．８６～１０．８ｈ。液氮保存、复苏后的虫体可在饲养细胞上立即增殖。培养中发现由巨噬细胞转化的巨核母细胞对虫体生长有促进作用，经胰酶消化能与虫体一道连续传代。通过ＨＡＴ选择性培养液测定，伊氏锥虫对氨基喋呤不敏感，试验组虫体与对照一样生长良好，证明伊氏锥虫具有次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转化酶（ＨＧＰＲＴ）     

伊氏锥虫和布氏锥虫动基体DNA酶切电泳比较

限制性内切酶ＭｂｏＩ，ＤｄｅＩ，Ｈｉｎｆｉ和ＴａｑＩ对布氏锥虫ＫＤＮＡ进行酶切后，电泳中均显示出多条ＤＮＡ区带，其总Ｋｂ数约等于２０ｋｂ，而各限制酶对伊氏锥虫ＫＮＤＡ消化后均显示出１至２条区带，总和约１ｋｂ明显区别于布氏锥虫。     

Enzootiology of Trypanosoma evansi in Pantanal, Brazil

In order to better understand the enzootiology of trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in the Brazilian Pantanal we examined domestic and wild mammals by microhematocrit centrifuge technique (MHCT), immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). T. evansi infection was detected in all species sampled with exception of the sheep and the feral pig. High parasitemias were observed in capybaras (5/24), coatis (18/115), horses (31/321) and dogs (3/112). Among these species, only the capybaras did not develop anemia. Low parasitemias, only detected by PCR, were found in buffaloes (18/43), bovines (29/331), marsupials (1/4), small rodents (14/67), bats (7/18), and one armadillo (1/8). The highest prevalence of T. evansi infection was recorded in horses (73%), although no neurological signs in infected horses were observed. Diagnosis through standard parasitological tests and IFAT should be used with caution since they may overlook comprovedly infected horses. The relationship between ranch management and T. evansi infection in horse was investigated. The importance of other transmission mechanisms apart from the tabanids and reservoir hosts are discussed.     

抗伊氏锥虫变异表面糖蛋白单克隆抗体的初步研究

应用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术制备了2个抗伊氏锥虫变异表面糖蛋白的McAb。特异性实验结果表明,2个McAb只与伊氏锥虫同一变异型表面抗原发生特异反应,而不与同种异株或同株不同变异型伊氏锥虫发生交叉反应,亦不与路氏锥虫等不同种抗原反应。运用正辛酸与硫酸铵二步沉淀法纯化了腹水MeAb,纯化后的McAb活性没有明显降低。应用2个McAb,以ELISA抑制试验检测了4份伊氏锥虫血清,结果均未出现明显的抑制作用,表明血清样本间很少或完全没有与McAb相类似的抗体,进而说明伊氏锥虫存在多个血清型亦即变异抗原型。     

Prevalence and distribution of Trypanosoma evansi in camels in Somaliland

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The prevalence and distribution of Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi) infection on camels in Somaliland were studied using the card agglutination test (CATT/T....     

Biometrical observations on different strains of Trypanosoma evansi.

Biometrical studies on buffalo, bovine and canine strains of Trypanosoma evansi isolated from species in Madras, India, were carried out. The buffalo, bovine and canine trypanosomes varied significantly in total length and width. The buffalo strain had a greater free flagellum, total length and width compared with the canine strain.