共查询到13条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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【目的】以单胚性的二倍体柑橘品种为母本与异源四倍体体细胞杂种杂交培育三倍体植株。【方法】选择亲本配置杂交组合进行人工授粉,授粉后70—100 d采幼果进行胚挽救,以流式细胞仪结合根尖染色体压片对再生植株进行倍性检测,最后进行SSR分子标记鉴定。【结果】2009—2012连续4年,以8个二倍体为母本、以4个异源四倍体体细胞杂种为父本,共配置14个倍性杂交组合,授粉花数3 347朵,坐果数678个,平均坐果率20.26%。实施胚挽救的果实数505个,培养种子12 357粒,经生芽、生根诱导培养共获得1 022个株系。通过对再生植株的倍性检测,共获得三倍体植株755个株系,四倍体19个株系。对华农红柚 × NH组合的三倍体、四倍体后代进行分子鉴定,表明三倍体和四倍体全部为双亲的有性杂种后代。【结论】本研究通过杂交获得的三倍体为我国无籽柑橘品种选育奠定了材料基础;同时获得的四倍体后代也为未来的柑橘三倍体育种提供了优良的亲本材料。 相似文献
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三倍体葡萄胚培养、倍性鉴定及育种进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
综述了胚培养技术在三倍体育种上的应用 ,包括不同杂交组合、培养基的种类、培养时期及激素等的影响以及三倍体的鉴定方法和已育成三倍体无核葡萄新品种的特征特性。 相似文献
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MO Lan CHEN Jun-hao CHEN Fei XU Qiang-wei TONG Zai-kang HUANG Hua-hong DONG Ren-hui LOU Xiong-zhen LIN Er-pei 《农业科学学报》2020,19(8):2016-2026
Most Rhododendron species are ornamental flowering species widely distributed in Asia, North America, and West Europe. Rhododendron fortunei, one of the endemic Rhododendron species in China, has beautiful flowers with bright colors and is being exploited to meet the needs of the flower market. Polyploid plants usually show superiority in growth, disease resistance, and adaption over their diploid relatives. Here, we report the first case of polyploid induction in R. fortunei. In order to induce polyploidy in R. fortunei, germinating seeds were treated with different concentrations of oryzalin for 16 h. By evaluating ploidy level with flow cytometry, a total of 34 polyploid R. fortunei lines, including 27 tetraploid lines and seven octoploid lines, were obtained. A comparison of treatments indicated that 7.5 mg L–1 oryzalin was the optimal concentration for polyploid induction in seeds of R. fortunei. Compared with diploid plants, tetraploid and octoploid plants exhibited slower growth rates and had thicker and rounder curled leaves with more leaf epidermal hairs. Moreover, larger stomata at lower density were also observed in the leaves of polyploid plants. Chlorophyll contents were also significantly increased in polyploid plants, which leads to a darker green leaf color. Both small and large individuals exhibiting the same characteristics were observed among the obtained tetraploid plants. Overall, our study establishes a feasible method for polyploid induction in R. fortunei, thus providing a basis for breeding new R. fortunei varieties. 相似文献
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[目的]比较气象条件对台州和衢州柑橘生长的影响差异。[方法]利用2000~2010年台州市和衢州市的柑橘种植面积和产量,选取常山、龙游、三门、天台这4个亩产较高的城市作为研究对象;引用气象产量这一概念,并运用Pearson相关法分析了4个城市柑橘气象产量与平均气温、降水、日照时数之间的关系。[结果]不同的气象要素在不同生长时期对柑橘的气象产量具有不同的影响。[结论]柑橘的种植要结合各个城市的气象特点,这样才能提高柑橘的产量和品质。 相似文献
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利用胚挽救技术获得三倍体葡萄植株研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
对7个葡萄二倍体与四倍体杂交组合的胚珠进行离体培养研究。结果表明,多数组合在花后55d接种效果较好,胚珠萌发率较高。少数早熟品种为母本时,最佳接种时期以花后45d较好。组合不同胚珠萌发率有一定差异,其中以二倍体为母本的组合平均萌发率为22.54%,四倍体为母本的组合平均萌发率为19.64%,二倍体为母本的组合胚珠萌发率明显高于以四倍体为母本的组合。 相似文献
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[目的]研究湖南柑橘生产区划与发展对策。[方法]以2002~2011年《湖南农村统计年鉴》为数据来源,以种植面积和产量为主要指标,在明确湖南2001~2010年柑橘生产集聚优势区、次优势区和非优势区的基础上,结合湖南柑橘避冻区划、生态区划和品牌战略实施,划定柑橘带,进行优势区域布局,并提出了着力打造"三带"的柑橘生产发展对策。[结果]湘西柑橘带应重点建设宽皮柑橘鲜食与加工基地,冰糖橙、安江香柚等特色基地,产品以鲜食为主,以橘瓣罐头和橙汁为辅;湘中柑橘带重点建设鲜食加工兼用温州蜜柑产业带;湘南柑橘带力争建成全国最大的优质鲜食脐橙和加工甜橙产业带,提高单产,改善品质。[结论]该研究结果为政府及相关部门决策、优化柑橘生产区域结构和推进柑橘产业发展提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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《农业科学与技术》2013,(10):1513-1516
With the development of precision agriculture, the research that applies Remote Sensing technology, especially hyperspectral remote sensing, to realize crop management, monitoring and yield estimation, has been concerned. Nowadays, the growth-monitoring and yield-estimating methods in rice, wheat and other annual crops develop rapidly with some achievements having already been put into service. But the yield estimation research on perennial economic crops is few. Taking peren- nial citrus trees as the research object, using ASD spectrometer to collect citrus canopy spectral, this article studied and analyzed the citrus of veget&tion index and its relationship on yield, synthetically considered the influence of the agriculture pa- rameters on crop yield, and finally constructed the citrus yield estimation model based on the spectral data and agronomic parameters. Through the Significance Test and Samples' Test, olutained that the model's fitting degree was R=0.631, F= 13.201, P〈0.01 and the error rate of estimating accuracy was controlled in the range 3%-16%, proving that the model has statistical signification and reliability. It concluded that hyperspectral acquired from citrus canopy has substantial potential for citrus yield estimation. This study is an application and exploration of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing technology in the citrus yield estimation. 相似文献
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[目的]基于生态位理论,对柑橘生境适宜性评价研究现状及思路进行分析。[方法]对生境适宜性评价、生态位理论在作物生境选择方面的研究现状进行综合分析。[结果]提出了借助生态位理论开展品质约束的柑橘生境适宜评价的研究思路,包括3方面,即柑橘生态环境及品质因子的采集与表达、柑橘生态环境与品质的交互响应研究、基于品质约束的柑橘生境适宜评价与适应机制研究。[结论]为促进柑橘产业化发展提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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【目的】研究葡萄玫瑰香味性状,为无核香味葡萄育种提供重要的材料基础,探究亲本基因型、胚发育形态以及生长调节剂对胚萌发的影响,进一步优化无核×玫瑰香味组合胚挽救体系,并结合分子标记技术初步对杂交后代进行无核性状鉴定。【方法】利用顶空固相微萃取结合气质联用方法,对10个玫瑰香味和无玫瑰香味葡萄品种的果实香味物质含量进行测定,从中筛选出浓香型品种作为亲本;结合课题组前期研究结果,以6个玫瑰香味品种为父本,5个欧洲无核品种为母本,配置13个杂交组合;无菌条件下,从幼果中剥离杂种胚珠,离体黑暗培养8周,随后将发育的杂种幼胚接种于添加不同激素浓度和比例的胚萌发培养基中,通过优化胚萌发培养基配方,提高幼胚萌发率和成苗率。幼苗经温室炼苗后,将成活的F1代移栽至大田。利用分子标记早期辅助选择具有无核性状的F1代杂种株系。【结果】萜烯类物质是玫瑰香味的主要呈香物质,8个玫瑰香味品种均能检测到萜烯类物质,其总含量为0.0246—1.3824。筛选出‘亚历山大’‘阳光玫瑰’‘玫瑰香’等玫瑰香味物质含量相对较高的品种,可作为杂交亲本,用于创制兼具无核和玫瑰香味新种质;利用胚挽救技术从13个杂交组合获得杂种株系1... 相似文献
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基于R语言的中国柑橘主要病虫害空间分布图 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用R语言的G IS功能包生成了中国柑橘主要病虫害的空间分布图,结果发现:中国柑橘主要病虫害呈现出各种不同的空间分布规律,其形成的原因除了病虫害本身的生物学特性外,还与气候因子的空间规律有关;R语言生成的病虫害空间分布图直观明显,作图质量较佳。 相似文献