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多年生产实践证明,柑桔采果后须剪去八种枝,来年可增产20%以上,这八种枝是: 病虫枝 剪掉柑桔炭疽病、疮痂病严重为害过的枝条以及柑桔矢尖蚧虫口密度大的枝条。 徒长枝 剪去徒长枝能减少营养消耗,有利于花芽分化,增加来年的座果率。 相似文献
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沙糖桔常见病害的发生与防治技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
<正>危害沙糖桔的病虫害主要有疮痂病、炭疽病、黄龙病等,它们不仅危害叶片、新梢,而且危害花朵、果实,是沙糖桔生产的大敌。应注意及时加以 相似文献
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<正> 炭疽病是我省油橄榄最主要的病害,它导致芽腐、枯梢、落叶和烂果。贝拉因该病引起的枯梢率达60-90%,严重影响次年的生长和结实;中山24果实发病率可达86. 8%,克里可高达86. 5%。病果轻则形成溃疡或疮痂,经济价值降低,果实因严重感染炭疽病可使油的酸价高达20以上;重则腐烂脱落或形成僵果,据对未防治果枝的调查,仅一个月的病落果率可高达67. 87%,使生产遭到严重的损失。 相似文献
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<正> 几种主要的柑桔真菌与细菌性病害须要以药剂喷洒树冠防治。柑桔疮痂病(ELsnoefawcetti)在春季与夏季多雨地区侵害感病品种的果实;柑桔褐色蒂腐病(Diapor-the Citri),在幼果长期处于湿润状态又逢较高气温的地方造成危害;脂点病(Myc-osphaerella citri)。多发生于热带与亚热带的低湿地区;交链孢棕斑病(ALternaria citri)仅专化于某些柑的品种与杂种,葡萄孢疫病(Botrytis cinera)及枯萎病(Pseudomonus syringae),多发生于冷湿 相似文献
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苹果烂果病是果实轮纹病、炭疽病等多种果实病害的俗称 ,是果树生产中最重要的病害 ,一般果实损失不低于 10 % ,发生严重园片病果率高达 4 0 %。在每年的防治中专项喷药多达 10次 ,但效果一般。5 0 %轮纹宁可湿性粉剂是山东省农科院高效农药实验厂生产的高效低毒 ,内吸具保护性的广谱杀菌剂 ,为探讨其防治效果 ,我们进行了药效对比试验 ,以期为生产应用提供技术依据。1 试验方法1.1 试验地概况试验示范点设在嘉祥县嘉祥村 ,全园面积为0 .5hm2 ,示范区面积为 0 .2hm2 ,一般防治区面积 0 .2hm2 ,对照区面积 0 .1hm2 。主栽品种为红… 相似文献
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八角金盘疮痂型炭疽病是八角金盘炭疽病的一种新症状,可危害叶片、叶脉、叶柄和果柄。叶片病斑的典型症状为正面灰白色、疥癣状略增厚,背面圆形疣状突起明显,病斑中间开裂。根据柯赫氏法则获得的结果和形态学特征鉴定,该病原菌是Colletotrichum gloeosporioide。 相似文献
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《陕西林业科技》1981,(1)
油橄榄炭疽病是油橄榄果期主要病害之一,在陕西汉中地区普遍发生。该病危害油橄榄果实、叶片、枝梢、芽及花等不同器官,只在果实和叶片上呈现典型症状。严重发病植株造成落果、落叶、枝梢枯死,树势生长衰弱,病果含油率降低30.4—42.3%。油橄榄炭疽病病原菌 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.[异名 Gloeosporiumolivarum Alm.]在陕西汉中地区尚未发现有性世代。病菌初次侵染来源为在病枯枝、病叶和病落果的旧病组织中越冬的病原体,来年经春雨浸湿产生新分生孢子,借风雨、昆虫传布侵染危害。该病每年4月下旬在幼嫩叶尖端出现病状,5月中旬花有发病,6月中下旬果实发病,9、10月份果实进入转色成熟期,病害发生,蔓延迅速,11月上旬达到发病高峰;多雨高湿条件下有利于病害发生和发展。室内、外接种均能发病,潜育期2—7天。品种抗病性差异可能与果实表皮细胞层次及缀密度有关,爱桑、米扎的抗病性可能受此特性所决定。根据调查,该病随着树龄的增长,病害发生有加重之趋势。冬春剪除油橄榄病枯枝,清除病叶和病果,结合使用1%波尔多液和50%退菌特800倍液防治油橄榄炭疽病效果显著。油橄榄炭疽病是由 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.侵染所致。该病是油橄榄果期主要病害之一。国外 Almeda 和 Gorter 曾有过报导。我国湖北、四川等省均有发生,但尚无正式研究报导,对病原、病名叫法不一,更无有效防治办法。陕西省油橄榄定植区结果树普遍遭受炭疽病危害,城固县柑桔育苗场油橄榄严重感病株造成落果、落叶、枝梢干枯,树势生长衰弱,降低果实产量,病果含油率降低30.4—42.3%。油橄榄炭疽病已成为当前发展油橄榄生产的严重问题。因此,我们从1978—1980年与城固县柑桔育苗场协作,对油橄榄炭疽病的症状、病原、周年侵染循环和流行规律以及防治方法等方面进行了研究。兹将试验研究结果报告如下: 相似文献
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Fruit and nut weight in pecan tree canopies in relation to the severity of pecan scab at different heights 下载免费PDF全文
Fusicladium effusum is the cause of pecan scab, the most destructive disease of pecan in the south‐eastern USA. The aim of the study was to determine how scab severity at different sample heights in tall trees (14–16 m) affected fruit and nut weight at those same heights. Three experiments were performed in 2010‐2011 on trees of scab‐susceptible cultivars (cvs. Desirable and Wichita) and either received fungicide using an air‐blast sprayer or were non‐treated controls. Samples for measures of fruit and nut weight were taken at 0–5.0, 5.0+–7.5, 7.5+–10.0, 10.0+–12.5 and 12.5+–15.0 m (and were assessed for scab severity). A general linear mixed model analysis showed main effects of sample height, fungicide treatment and sample height × fungicide treatment interactions in all experiments on fruit and nut weight and on disease severity. Control trees had significantly more severe disease on fruit lower in the canopy, while fungicide‐treated trees either had similar disease severity at all heights or slightly more severe disease in the upper canopy. On control trees, where there was a linear relationships between fruit or nut weight and sample height, it was invariably positive (R2= .85–.94). On fungicide‐treated trees, fruit or nut weight most often had a negative linear relationship with sample height (R2=.69–.89). When significant, in control and treated trees, there was invariably a negative linear relationship between fruit or nut weight and scab severity (R2=.66–.94). Gradients in fungicide coverage and scab severity impact fruit and nut weights that can have ramifications on yield for a tree as a whole. Understanding the distribution of scab in pecan and other tall tree canopies provides a basis for developing management strategies and fungicide application methods to uniformly minimize disease. 相似文献
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脐橙炭疽病发生及其与环境因子关系调查初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
脐橙炭疽病首次在吉州区林业局果木试验场和兴桥镇长岭果园发现,对脐橙危害极大。该病主要危害脐橙的花、叶、枝、果。脐橙受害后,会引起落叶,枝梢枯死,枝干开裂,树势衰退,蒂枯落果,轻则影响果株生长发育,重则会造成秃株,甚至整株死亡。本文报道该病的症状、生物学特性、发生及其与气候、土壤、肥料、林龄及栽植方法等环境因子的关系,并提出对该病的防治意见和技术措施。 相似文献
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栀子主要病害发生特点及综合防治 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
栀子在我地主要病害有褐斑病、炭疽病、煤污病、根腐病、黄化病等,病害从3~11月份在我地都可发生,严重时植株落叶、落果或枯死。在病害发生初期或发生期施用多菌灵、退菌特等可有效地防治病害。 相似文献
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Auricelia Sousa Carvalho Maruzanete Pereira Melo Juliana Pereira Silva Kedma Silva Matos Jos Evando Aguiar Beserra 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Plants of the genus Spondias are commonly cultivated in northern and north‐eastern Brazil for fruit production. Severe leaf anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is frequently observed in several species of Spondias. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterize Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose in species of Spondias by using the concept of morphological and phylogenetic analyses. Leaves with symptoms of anthracnose were collected from orchards in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Morphological identification; sequencing analysis of ACT, ITS and GS gene regions; and a pathogenicity test confirmed three Colletotrichum spp. (C. dianesei, C. siamense and C. brevisporum) were able to cause the disease. This is the first record of these species of Colletotrichum causing anthracnose in Spondias spp. in Brazil. 相似文献
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为探究湖北省油茶炭疽病感病情况,调查分析了油茶长林系列CL3、CL4、CL23、CL40、CL18五个无性系品种和鄂油系列EY102、EY151、EY63、EY81、EY54 五个无性系品种的不同植株方向、不同植株部位及不同无性系品种间的炭疽病感病差异。结果表明:油茶植株东西向及植株上层、下层更易发生炭疽病;10个无性系品种间炭疽病感病率存在极显著差异,CL18、CL23、CL4 3个无性系品种更易发生炭疽病,感病率为6.97%~9.66%,达到感病2级,其余无性系品种均为感病1级,感病率仅为0.58%~2.74%;长林系列比鄂油系列无性系更易发生炭疽病,CL3、CL40和鄂油系列5个无性系品种对炭疽病的感病性较弱。 相似文献
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云南高原香蕉的冬季管理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
云南植蕉区多分布于北回归线附近海拔500~1000m的山地,冬季的12月至翌年1月受寒冷天气影响,易造成果穗寒害,严重影响了云南春蕉的质量。因此,云南植蕉区应改进栽培管理措施,通过有效地控制施肥、灌水;增加地膜覆盖和实施果穗套袋等技术措施,能减少寒害影响,提高云南高原香蕉的品质。 相似文献