五种罗非鱼苗种在室内水族箱中的养殖效果比较

五种罗非鱼苗种在室内水族箱中的养殖效果比较李家乐李思发（上海水产大学，２０００９０）韩凤进（青岛罗非鱼良种场，２６６３１７）在我国北方地区现养殖有五种罗非鱼群体，其生长性能略有差异。在室内水族箱条件下，对常见的盐度为１６±１‰的半咸水中的成活率、生长...     

以渔农满意为标准 做好渔技推广工作

王少敦,水产养殖高级工程师,汕头市澄海区水产技术推广站站长,汕头市科协科技专家智库专家,汕头市农村科技服务团专家。自1992年毕业以来,便在澄海区从事水产技术试验示范推广和病害防治工作,不仅主持和完成了各级科研及推广项目,而且在澄海区引进南美白对虾、罗非鱼、湘云鲫等新品种,还使得对虾池塘生态养殖技术以及虾鱼混养养殖、青蟹半咸水健康养殖等新技术在澄海得到大力推广,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

罗非鱼养殖生产中质量安全管理存在的问题与对策

近年来,我市罗非鱼养殖发展较快,特别是吉富罗非鱼产业化生产技术、红罗非及吉奥罗非鱼养殖技术等在生产上的应用,大大提高其养殖经济效益,推动了我市罗非鱼产业发展。2008年,罗非鱼养殖面积4765公顷,产量2．46万吨,占全市养殖产量的33％。但是,罗非鱼在养殖生产中仍会出现这些或那些质量安全管理上的问题,给我市在罗非鱼养殖生产源头的质量安全管理工作带来很大困难。     

吉富罗非鱼加工出品达标养殖技术

为了有效降低罗非鱼出品风险，达到罗非鱼养殖产业健康发展的目标，现将在笔者技术指导与养殖专业户精心管理下由加工企业收购、经检验达到出口标准的罗非鱼养殖技术进行总结，与广大养殖者交流。     

2012年渔业主推技术(三)罗非鱼无公害养殖技术

技术概述:罗非鱼肉质细腻鲜美,肌间刺少,煎、焖、蒸、煮、炸皆可,深受广大消费者欢迎.罗非鱼生长快,食性杂,抗病力强,适应性强,易养好养,能在池塘、网箱中集约化养殖,所以罗非鱼养殖业发展很快,产量年年提高,出口量也逐年增加,罗非鱼已成为优势出口水产品之一.推广罗非鱼无公害养殖技术,规范罗非鱼养殖过程中的每个生产操作环节,进一步提高罗非鱼品质,对促进罗非鱼养殖业可持续发展意义重大. 增产增效情况:通过该技术的实施,能提高罗非鱼商品鱼的质量安全水平,提高养殖经济效益,减轻养殖对水域生态环境的污染.     

罗非鱼养殖技术

目前广东省养殖的罗非鱼品种主要有：奥尼罗非鱼、吉富罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼、红罗非鱼等，本主要针对在海丰县养殖的奥尼罗非鱼养殖技术的介绍。     

提高罗非鱼养殖效益的关键因素

近年来，福建沿海地区的罗非鱼养殖已得到大面积推广和普及，多数池塘已被罗非鱼所占领，产品也已充斥市场，售价逐年下跌，养殖效益低微，加上以饲料为主的养殖成本的上升，养殖病害的增多，养殖效益有不断下降甚至亏损的趋势，严重影响了渔农的生产积极性。如何提高罗非鱼的养殖效益已成为广大渔农及水产工作者普遍关注和亟待解决的关键性问题，对此，笔者就技术和管理方面分析了六个关键因素，今整理成文，供罗非鱼养殖生产者们参考。一、选择优质鱼种目前市面上罗非鱼很杂，比较多的是药物制种的变性单雄性鱼种，因制种技术的差异，雄性…     

新吉富罗非鱼幼鱼盐化养殖初步研究

罗非鱼俗名非洲鲫鱼，在鱼类分类学上属于鲈形目、鲈形亚目、鲡鱼科、罗非鱼属，是一种中小型鱼类，它的外形、个体大小有点类似鲫，鳍条多棘似鳜。属广盐性鱼类，大部分罗非鱼经驯化均能在一定盐度的咸水中养殖。关于罗非鱼的耐盐驯化研究，国内报道还比较少。     

罗非鱼半咸水池塘养殖技术

罗非鱼是广盐性鱼类,在淡水、半咸水(盐度0.3‰～24.7‰)甚至咸水中都能够正常生长,可适应不同盐度水体养殖。山东省沿黄及黄河三角洲地区有广阔的盐碱地半咸水资源,适宜于罗非鱼养殖开发,推广利用微     

2013年渔业主推技术（三）：罗非鱼健康养殖技术

技术概述：罗非鱼肉质细腻鲜美,肌间刺少,煎、焖、蒸、煮、炸皆可,深受广大消费者欢迎。罗非鱼生长快,食性杂,抗病力强,适应性强,易养好养,能在池塘、网箱中集约化养殖,所以罗非鱼养殖业发展很快,产量年年提高,出口量也逐年增加,罗非鱼已成为优势出口水产品之一。推广罗非鱼无公害养殖技术,规范罗非鱼养殖过程中的每个生产操作环节,进一步提高罗非鱼品质,对促进罗非鱼养殖业可持续发展意义重大。     

Tilapia polyculture: a global review

Tilapia are the second most farmed fish worldwide and their production has quadrupled over the past decade due to ease of aquaculture, marketability and stable market prices. Tilapia aquaculture must adopt sustainable practices (such as polyculture) for continuing increased production and improved sustainability. This article reviews tilapia polyculture around the world and discusses its benefits, strategies and practices. Tilapia polyculture improves feed utilization, enhances water quality, increases total yield and profit. Further investment will increase these gains. Research on tilapia polyculture in China was also summarized and addressed that polyculture in semi‐intensive systems was a way of improving sustainability for tilapia aquaculture.     

Consumer preferences for farmed tilapia in Tanzania: A choice experiment analysis

ABSTRACT

This study used a choice experiment to analyze the preferences of consumers for the attributes of tilapia (price, mode of production, product form, and size), a major aquaculture product in Tanzania. The results showed that consumers were willing to pay a price 665.020 Tanzanian shillings (TZS) lower for farmed tilapia than for wild tilapia; a price TZS 833.210 and TZS 1799.110 higher for medium-size and large-size tilapia respectively than for small-size tilapia; and a price TZS 1214.090 higher for fresh tilapia than for smoked tilapia. Consumers’ willingness to pay less for farmed tilapia than for wild tilapia is mainly attributed to issues related to taste and availability. It was also found that consumers were heterogeneous in their preferences for all the tilapia attributes (mode of production, size, and form) considered in this study.     

奥尼罗非鱼水库网箱养殖技术

2008年4月～10月,在福建尤溪水东水库开展奥尼罗非鱼水库网箱集约化养殖试验,结果表明：投放平均体重为27g的奥尼雄性罗非鱼,经过190d的饲养,鱼体平均体重1062g,产品符合水产品质量安全要求,平均成活率达98．0％,饲料系数为1．7,平均盈利244元／m^2,创造了良好的经济效益。本文从水源条件、养殖设施、养殖密度、饲料和饲养管理等方面,总结了福建尤溪水东水库罗非鱼网箱健康养殖的技术要点,为福建溪流型水库开展罗非鱼网箱健康养殖提供参考。     

不同鱼类和采样时间的养殖池塘环境微生物群落研究

微生物群落是养殖池塘生态系统的重要组成部分,了解环境微生物群落结构和功能,可有针对性地进行养殖环境微生态调控。在不同季节采集尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）和斑点叉尾鮰（Ictalurus punctatus）池塘水样,分析硝酸盐氮(NO3-N)、亚硝酸盐氮(NO2-N)、氨氮(NH4-N)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)等理化指标,利用Biolog-Eco微平板技术分析水体中微生物对各类碳源代谢的平均颜色变化率,利用高通量测序技术分析其菌群结构。结果表明,1月淡水养殖池塘水质和菌群结构不同于其他采样时间,养殖鱼类种类对池塘理化指标和微生物菌群结构影响不大。不同采样时间的池塘理化指标差异显著,同一采样时间不同养殖鱼类池塘的理化指标之间无显著差异。其中,1月尼罗罗非鱼池塘中的NH4-N含量高于其他月份,且显著高于4月和7月（P<0.05）;1月TP含量显著高于4月、7月和10月（P<0.05）。1月斑点叉尾鮰池塘的TP和NO3-N含量显著高于其他3个月份（P<0.05）。Biolog-Eco微平板技术检测到尼罗罗非鱼和斑点叉尾鮰池塘中的微生物群落对碳...     

Profitability and technical efficiency of aquaculture systems in pampaanga,philippines

Abstract

We evaluate the profitability and technical efficiency of aquaculture in the Philippines. Farm‐level data are used to compare two production systems corresponding to the intensive monoculture of tilapia in freshwater ponds and the extensive polyculture of shrimps and fish in brackish water ponds. Both activities are very lucrative, with brackish water aquaculture achieving the higher level of profit per farm. Stochastic frontier production functions reveal that technical efficiency is low in brackish water aquaculture, with a mean of 53%, explained primarily by the operator's experience and by the frequency of his visits to the farm. In freshwater aquaculture, the farms achieve a mean efficiency level of 83%. The results suggest that the provision of extension services to brackish water fish farms might be a cost‐effective way of increasing production and productivity in that sector. By contrast, technological change will have to be the driving force of future productivity growth in freshwater aquaculture.     

Improving Water Use Efficiency in Semi-Arid Regions through Integrated Aquaculture/Agriculture

Two experiments were performed in the Bekaa plain in Lebanon to evaluate the feasibility of integrating aquaculture with established agriculture production in order to increase water productivity. Both experiments consisted of four plant management treatments: 1) Aquaculture effluent irrigation and no fertilizer; 2) aquaculture effluent irrigation and inorganic fertilizer; 3) well water irrigation and no fertilization; and 4) well water irrigation with inorganic fertilizer. In the first experiment, tilapia growth and radish production using aquaculture effluent were evaluated. All fish survived and grew, and radish production was improved by irrigating with aquaculture effluent. In the second experiment, maize (Zea mays) in large plots was irrigated with aquaculture effluent. Irrigation with effluent water improved maize production and improved soil nitrogen availability. In both experiments, fish production improved water value index and water use efficiency. Results suggest that aquaculture effluent can supplant inorganic fertilizers and could actually yield better crop production.     

池塘循环水槽养殖模式下吉富罗非鱼的生长及生理响应变化

为探讨在池塘循环水槽养殖模式下吉富罗非鱼不同养殖密度的生长特性和生理指标变化,评估吉富罗非鱼在池塘循环水槽养殖模式下的适宜养殖密度,以吉富罗非鱼为实验对象,设计传统池塘养殖模式放养密度5尾/m² (SD1组),池塘循环水槽养殖模式放养密度180尾/m² (SD2组)和270尾/m² (SD3组),比较各组吉富罗非鱼的生长性能,分析血液生化指标和肝脏HSP70 mRNA表达量的变化规律。结果显示,经过120 d的养殖,SD2组吉富罗非鱼终末体质量、特定生长率和绝对生长率显著高于SD1和SD3组。SD2和SD3组存活率、体质量差异系数和饵料系数低于SD1组。SD2组血清皮质醇、血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、溶菌酶水平和肝脏HSP70 mRNA的相对表达量在30 d时显著高于SD1组。SD3组血清皮质醇和葡萄糖水平在60 d后持续上升,120 d时显著高于SD1组,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、溶菌酶水平和肝脏HSP70 mRNA的相对表达量在60、90 d时显著高于SD1组,甘油三酯在整个实验期显著低于SD1组。SD2组吉富罗非鱼在...     

Multi-criteria evaluation approach to GIS-based land-suitability classification for tilapia farming in Bangladesh

Site selection is a key factor in any aquaculture operation, because it affects both success and sustainability. It can, moreover, solve conflicts between different activities, making rational use of the land. This study was conducted to identify suitable sites for development of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farming in Sitakunda Upazila (sub-district), Bangladesh, using GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation of water and soil quality, topography, infrastructure and socio-economic factors. ASTER image and eighteen thematic layers were analyzed using ENVI and ArcView software to identify the suitable areas for tilapia farm development. A constraint layer was used to exclude areas from suitability maps that cannot be allowed to implement tilapia farming. A series of GIS models were developed to identify and prioritize the most suitable areas for tilapia farming. The output of the model clearly indicates the location and extent of tilapia farming areas on different suitability scales, i.e. most suitable (7,744 ha), moderately suitable (2,479 ha), and not suitable (838 ha). Model outputs were assessed against field verification data, and were consistent. Because existing aquaculture covers only 1,540 ha of land in the study area, the potential for expanding tilapia farms should take into consideration socio-political and environmental issues. The results are encouraging in terms of tilapia culture development and suggest that grassland–agriculture areas could be used for sustainable development of tilapia farming to diversify the economic activities of rural communities.     

Tilapia fisheries in Guangdong Province,China: Socio‐economic benefits,and threats on native ecosystems and economics

Tilapia is one of the groups of fish species most widely cultured globally. China has been the largest producer of tilapia in the world since 1990s. Guangdong Province produces almost 40% of all tilapia in China because of its suitable geography and weather conditions, and tilapia culture has brought considerable economic benefits. Unfortunately, many of the biological traits that make tilapia popular for culture also contribute to its success as an invader. Tilapia has invaded natural waters and has become the dominant fish in many rivers of Guangdong Province, causing economic loss in capture fisheries, and affecting native fish species, biodiversity and aquatic ecosystems. Poor fishery management, water quality degradation and biodiversity loss have all facilitated the tilapia invasion. Tilapia have filled the niches left vacant by now locally extinct native species resulting from environmental changes in freshwater ecosystems of the province. The introduction of tilapia has both advantages and disadvantages, which should be managed to use effectively the various tilapia species in aquaculture while controlling their spread in natural waters.     

Tilapia recirculating aquaculture systems as a source of plant growth promoting bacteria

A recirculating aquaculture system with farmed tilapia is the most popular combination in aquaponics, an integration of aquaculture and hydroponics. Despite nutrient‐rich fish‐rearing water being regarded as a valuable resource for aquaponics, the quality and value of inhabitant microorganisms are certainly understudied. Our present research illustrates the feasibility of the tilapia‐rearing water as a valuable source of beneficial microorganisms called plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). Microbial communities were examined with a combination of culture‐independent high‐throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and cultivation methods. Microbial communities determined using high‐throughput sequencing indicated the usefulness of Bacteroidetes and Alphaproteobacteria as beneficial microbial indicators to assess the health condition of recirculating aquaculture systems. Siderophore production, ammonia production and phosphate solubilization assays were used for screening and 41% of isolates were identified as plant growth promoting bacteria. These bacteria were classified as Actinobacteria (eight strains [32% in total], Dietzia, Gordonia, Microbacterium, Mycobacterium and Rhodococcus), Bacilli (six strains [24%], Bacillus and Paenibacillus), Flavobacteriia (one strain [4%], Myroides), Betaproteobacteria (two strains [8%], Acidovorax and Chromobacterium) and Gammaproteobacteria (eight strains [32%], Aeromonas, Plesiomonas and Pseudomonas). We found that the tilapia‐rearing water naturally contained various lineages of PGPB and could be esteemed as a worthy seed bank of PGPB. Because aquaponics is a difficult system to use pesticides and herbicides, the role of PGPB to prevent plant pathogens and maintain healthy root system may be more important than traditional agricultural settings.