Prévalence des infections à Salmonella spp. chez les bovins et les équins de l'Hôpital vétérinaire d'enseignement de la Faculté de médecine vétérinaire de l'Université de Montréal.

Bacteriologic detection of Salmonella spp. from feces of animals admitted to Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montréal, in Saint-Hyacinthe was carried out during a 1-year period to estimate the prevalence of bovine and equine salmonellosis. Prevalence at the time of hospitalization was quite low: 1.4% in cattle and 1.7% in horses. Incidence was 15.1 cases/100 animal/year in cattle and 38.7 cases/100 animal/year in horses. Serotype typhimurium was the most prevalent in both species. In cattle, cases were evenly distributed over the year. In horses, a recrudescence of cases and a obviousness of transmission were apparent in April 1996.     

Approche directe pour la mise en évidence des phénomènes radicalaires lors de myopathie postanesthésique équine: étude préliminaire.

This preliminary study demonstrated the existence of a free radical generation during an experimental postischemic muscular reperfusion in a halothane anesthetized horse. The authors used alpha-phényl-N-tert-butylnitrone as a spin trap agent and the electronic paramagnetic resonance method to observe in vivo a free radical generation.     

Anesthésie du lapin de Nouvelle-Zélande utilisant les combinaisons tilétamine-zolazépam et kétamine-midazolam avec ou sans xylazine.

In this study, anesthesia levels obtained with tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) and ketamine-midazolam (KM) with or without xylazine (X) were compared in rabbits. Reflexes (corneal, palpebral and withdrawal), blood parameters (PaO2, PaCO2, pH and ions HCO3-), cardiovascular function (heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure) and body temperature were evaluated before and after the injections of the anesthetic combination in the same rabbits (n = 10). With KM and TZ, no suppression of reflexes occurred. The body temperature and pH decreased and HCO3- increased similarly to KMX et TZX. Some physiological and blood parameters were less (PAM, PaCO2) and not (PaO2) affected comparatively to KMX et TZX. These protocols were of short duration of action and did not offer any anesthesia or analgesia. Therefore, their utilization should be restricted to short procedures where no painful manipulations are performed. Ketamine-midazolam-xylazine and tiletamine-zolazepam-xylazine on the other hand are indicated for interventions that require anesthesia. With these combinations, all reflexes were absent for 30-45 and 60-90 min following injections of KMX et TZX, respectively. However, these combinations induce cardiac depression, as well as a decrease of all measured blood parameters and body temperature and a reduction of PaO2. Supplementation with oxygen is recommended with the introduction of xylazine in the protocol.     

La Stéatose Hépatique et la Cholestérolémie Chez le Caneton Domestique au Cours d'une Malnutrition Protéique en Régime Orizé

The object of this experiment was to study the influence of essential amino acids on the growth, fatty infiltration of liver and cholesterol level of the serum in ducklings.     

Electrolytes des sécrétions intra-utérines bovines lors d'infertilité sine materia

Serum and uterine secretions Na, K, Ca, Mg and P were studied in 15 normally reproducing and in 15 repeat-breeder cows. No cyclical variations were noted for these elements in the serum whereas the normal group showed cyclical and significant K, Mg and P variations (P <0.05) in the uterine secretions.

The concentration of the studied uterine elements, with the exception of P, correlated with the concentration of their homologue in the serum at different stages of the cycle. It is believed that the concentration of serum Na, K, Mg and Ca maintains the intrauterine concentrations at the physiological level for the survival of the gametes and the embryo.

Significant differences in the uterine concentrations of Na, K and P were noted between the groups at different stages of the cycle. These various concentrations as well as the nonsignificant variations of the uterine secretions might explain the infertility in the abnormal group.