Energetics of caterpillar locomotion: biomechanical constraints of a hydraulic skeleton

Power input increased linearly with speed and was closely associated with changes in cycle frequency. Minimum cost of transport of gypsy moth caterpillars was 4.5 times as high as predicted for vertebrates and arthropods with jointed framework skeletons. Reduced locomotor economy was associated with stride length only one-third or less than that for animals with solid skeletons.     

团头鲂鱼体矿物质成分的初步分析

测定了团头鲂Ｍｅｇａｌｏｂｒａｍａａｍｂｌｙｃｅｐｈａｌａ夏花、一龄、二龄鱼种和成鱼的２０种化学元素，其在鱼体干物质中的总含量为５．２５％～８．０４％。其中约４０％分布在肌肉中，６０％分布在骨骼中。含量高的为Ｃａ、Ｐ，占２０种元素总量的７０．２９％～７８．６１％。Ｃａ：Ｐ为１：０．４７～１：Ｏ．７１。含量低于Ｃａ、Ｐ的依次为Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ｓ、Ｍｇ、Ａｌ等。随着鱼体长大，大多数化学元素相对含量减少，只有Ｋ、Ｓ、Ｐｂ的含量随之增加。     

Generating diverse skeletons of small molecules combinatorially

Lack of efficient access to collections of synthetic compounds that have skeletal diversity is a key bottleneck in the small-molecule discovery process. We report a synthesis strategy that involves transforming substrates with different appendages that pre-encode skeletal information, named sigma elements, into products that have different skeletons with the use of common reaction conditions. With this approach, split-pool synthesis can be used to pre-encode skeletal diversity combinatorially and thereby generate such small molecules very efficiently. A split-pool synthesis of more than 1000 compounds produced overlapping, combinatorial matrices of molecular skeletons and appended building blocks in both enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms.     

南京陶吴生态观光苗圃规划设计

南京陶吴生态观光苗圃景观规划在充分挖掘当地自然资源、人文资源、地理优势的基础上,确定了规划设计理念及规划设计原则.通过多种设计手法,设计形成了具有生产功能的苗木生产区、体现休闲功能的观光休闲区和充分体验"农家乐"的农趣体验区,从而展现了现代休闲农业园的规划设计特色及发展方向.     

Triploblastic animals more than 1 billion years ago: trace fossil evidence from india

Some intriguing bedding plane features that were observed in the Mesoproterozoic Chorhat Sandstone are biological and can be interpreted as the burrows of wormlike undermat miners (that is, infaunal animals that excavated tunnels underneath microbial mats). These burrows suggest that triploblastic animals existed more than a billion years ago. They also suggest that the diversification of animal designs proceeded very slowly before the appearance of organisms with hard skeletons, which was probably the key event in the Cambrian evolutionary explosion, and before the ecological changes that accompanied that event.     

三元交互视角下风景园林设计课程教学改革研究

针对高职院校学生在学习设计课程时自我效能感低的特点,引入社会认知理论的三元交互决定模型,通过从高职院校学生的“个人认知”、“行为模式”和“环境因素”三元视角重新梳理风景园林设计课程体系,在教学设计中融入思政元素,使课程思政和专业教学相互融合,使学生“术”与“德”更好融合,以实现“三全育人”的目标。具体措施包括:通过挖掘教学目标和内容的思政元素,塑造学生产生高效能感的“个人认知”;通过组织“项目沉浸式”教学过程,促使学生产生互为榜样的“行为模式”;通过完善课堂教学评价,营造学生良性互动的学习环境。     

Precambrian sponges with cellular structures

Sponge remains have been identified in the Early Vendian Doushantuo phosphate deposit in central Guizhou (South China), which has an age of approximately 580 million years ago. Their skeletons consist of siliceous, monaxonal spicules. All are referred to as the Porifera, class Demospongiae. Preserved soft tissues include the epidermis, porocytes, amoebocytes, sclerocytes, and spongocoel. Among thousands of metazoan embryos is a parenchymella-type of sponge larvae having a shoe-shaped morphology and dense peripheral flagella. The presence of possible amphiblastula larva suggests that the calcareous sponges may have an extended history in the Late Precambrian. The fauna indicates that animals lived 40 to 50 million years before the Cambrian Explosion.     

稀土对猪鸡生产性能影响的研究

通过将农用硝酸稀土以不同的浓度分别添加到不同种类、不同用途畜禽（肉猪、肉鸡和蛋鸡）日粮中进行饲养试验,研究测定稀土对其生产性能、动物血液生化指标和产品品质的影响,通过大量试验证明畜禽日粮中添加适量稀土可以有效促进畜禽生长,提高产肉、产奶、产蛋能力,降低饲料消耗,提高饲养效益,给出了不同畜禽的适宜添加量。。试验同时证明畜禽日粮中添加适量稀土对幼畜（禽）成活率、鸡蛋质量等无不良影响。目前许多国家动物饲养中限制使用抗生素,可以考虑稀土作为家畜安全、廉价的饲料添加荆用于动物生产。     

A Cretaceous scleractinian coral with a calcitic skeleton

It has been generally thought that scleractinian corals form purely aragonitic skeletons. We show that a well-preserved fossil coral, Coelosmilia sp. from the Upper Cretaceous (about 70 million years ago), has preserved skeletal structural features identical to those observed in present-day scleractinians. However, the skeleton of Coelosmilia sp. is entirely calcitic. Its fine-scale structure and chemistry indicate that the calcite is primary and did not form from the diagenetic alteration of aragonite. This result implies that corals, like other groups of marine, calcium carbonate-producing organisms, can form skeletons of different carbonate polymorphs.     

果子狸全身骨骼形态特征的初步观察

观察结果表明，成年果子狸全身骨骼分为中轴骨骼（包括头骨、脊柱、肋骨和胸骨）和四肢骨骼（包括前肢骨和后肢骨）两部分；左右髋骨分开，不形成骨盆联合，为开放式骨盆；前脚骨有５指，后脚骨有５趾，属趾行动物     

饲料中添加不同水平的锌、硒、铜对奶牛奶量、乳品质及相关血清酶的影响

采用三因素,三水平,按L9(34)正交设计。进行了奶牛饲粮中添加不同水平(高、中、低)的Zn,Se,Cu饲喂试验。结果表明,补饲牛的健康良好,换毛提早,受孕率增高,日平均产奶量明显提高,乳品的乳蛋白。乳糖含量、乳脂率等乳品质量指标均有不同程度的增加。血清铜氧化酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,补饲牛比对照牛高,补饲后比补饲前高。     

安徽省主要育成水稻品种及其系谱分析

４０多年来,我省育成水稻品种的系谱组成中几个骨干亲本的血缘主要来自早籼广、陆矮４号、矮脚南特,中籼ＩＲ２６、ＩＲ２９、密阳２３,晚粳农垦５８等,占全部育成品种（不包括地方品种）的７０％。未来的育种策略,除以现有育成品种为基础外,还必须进一步开发和引进国内外优质稻种资源,拓宽遗传背景,不断丰富我省水稻育成品种的遗传基础,提高品种的增产潜力和适应能力。     

The initial domestication of goats (Capra hircus) in the Zagros mountains 10,000 years ago

Initial goat domestication is documented in the highlands of western Iran at 10,000 calibrated calendar years ago. Metrical analyses of patterns of sexual dimorphism in modern wild goat skeletons (Capra hircus aegagrus) allow sex-specific age curves to be computed for archaeofaunal assemblages. A distinct shift to selective harvesting of subadult males marks initial human management and the transition from hunting to herding of the species. Direct accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dates on skeletal elements provide a tight temporal context for the transition.     

圆柱形静载压缩螺旋弹簧的可靠性优化设计

机械零件优化设计均以保证零件的安全第数大于许用值作为设计依据，示考虑零件失效概率，使设计过于保守；而零件的可靠性设计又仅考虑了零件的失效概率，未考虑设计方案是否最优。试将可靠性分析与优化设计方法相结合，提出了机械零件可靠性优化设计的一般方法，建立了圆柱形静载压缩螺旋弹弹簧可靠性优化设计的数学模型，并给出了一个设计实例。     

QUANTUM MECHANICS: Enhanced: Schrodinger's Cat Is Out of the Hat

In 1935, Erwin Schr?dinger suggested his famous gedanken experiment of the cat that is simultaneously "dead" and "alive" inside its box until the box is opened. But as Tesche explains in her Perspective, such a macroscopic manifestation of quantum mechanics has remained elusive until recently. The experiments by van der Wal et al. are an important step toward demonstrating that quantum mechanics can describe macroscopic phenomena. The approach may be exploited in quantum computing and quantum cryptography.     

乡土植物营造地方特色园林景观探讨

本文提出了乡土植物营造地方特色园林景观的创作途径,归纳了"一本三元"的乡土植物营造地方特色园林景观的创作手法,同时以重庆地区乡土植物营造地方特色园林景观作了实例探讨。     

校园文化在大学校园绿化中的传承与表达

以沈阳医学院校园绿化改造项目为例,围绕办学校训和杏林文化进行园林设计,传承校园文化,以植物为设计表达要素,造就文化突出、特色鲜明的“两广场、六园、十二景”的校园景观新面貌.     

Origin of whales from early artiodactyls: hands and feet of Eocene Protocetidae from Pakistan

Partial skeletons of two new fossil whales, Artiocetus clavis and Rodhocetus balochistanensis, are among the oldest known protocetid archaeocetes. These came from early Lutetian age (47 million years ago) strata in eastern Balochistan Province, Pakistan. Both have an astragalus and cuboid in the ankle with characteristics diagnostic of artiodactyls; R. balochistanensis has virtually complete fore- and hind limbs. The new skeletons are important in augmenting the diversity of early Protocetidae, clarifying that Cetacea evolved from early Artiodactyla rather than Mesonychia and showing how early protocetids swam.     

下十里铺新村一期居住环境景观规划设计

在下十里铺新村居住小区总体规划的基础上,结合场地现状,通过空间布局及景观设计要素的设置,将"绿色、生态、人文气息、回归自然、回归家园"设计理念贯穿于整个设计内容中,为居民创造了一个充满情趣的,亲和、生态的家园。     

真菌研究进展

2018 年9 月13 日至14 日,“第一届国际真菌研讨会”举行。为期两天的研讨会汇集了来 自世界各地的真菌和植物科学家、生态学家、环保主义者,结合2018 年年初英国皇家植物园发布 的《2018 世界真菌现状报告》,真菌世界第一次较为系统地被呈现在了人类面前。面对它,我们 应当充满兴趣与谨慎,使其得到最佳的开发、利用和保护。