日粮添加复合植物营养素对小尾寒羊生长性能和血清指标的影响

试验旨在探究日粮中加入复合植物营养素对舍饲小尾寒羊生长性能和血清指标的影响.试验选取体重(24.18±0.31) kg、健康的4月龄小尾寒羊母羊16只,分为2组,每组8个重复.对照组小尾寒羊饲喂基础日粮,试验组小尾寒羊饲喂在基础日粮中添加3％‰复合植物营养素的试验日粮.试验期97 d,预试期7d,正式试验期90 d.结...     

中草药王枣子对1～21日龄淮北麻鸡生产性能、血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响

试验旨在探究日粮中添加不同剂量的中草药王枣子对淮北麻鸡生产性能、血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响。选用1日龄淮北麻鸡500只,随机分成5组,每组5个重复。空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1%、2%王枣子超微粉,正对照组在基础日粮中添加50 mg/kg金霉素,试验期为21 d。结果表明:与空白对照组相比,1%和2%超微粉组麻鸡平均体重、平均日增重均增加(P<0.05),耗料增重比降低(P<0.05),其中1%超微粉组麻鸡平均体重、平均日增重、日采食量、耗料增重比与正对照组无显著差异;1%超微粉组麻鸡血清转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶活性和血清尿酸、甘油三酯、丙二醛含量均降低(P<0.05),血清蛋白含量、抗氧化酶活性及总抗氧化能力均提高(P<0.05)。可见,饲粮中添加王枣子超微粉能够提高21日龄淮北麻鸡生长性能和抗氧化能力,改善血清生化指标,添加量为1%效果最佳。     

植物精油对广西灵山土鸡生长性能、养分消化率和血清抗体指标的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加植物精油对广西灵山土鸡生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清抗体指标的影响.将1800只30日龄、体重(284.09±1.18)g、体况良好的广西灵山土鸡,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复200只鸡,空白对照组饲喂基础饲粮,混合植物精油组、抗生素组分别在基础饲粮中添加100 mg/kg混合植物精油、3...     

日粮中添加蓝藻粉对崇仁麻鸡的毒理作用研究

为了研究日粮中添加蓝藻粉对崇仁麻鸡生长性能的影响以及对肝脏和肾脏组织的病理毒理作用,试验选择34日龄的崇仁麻鸡140只,以蓝藻粉替代基础日粮中不同比例(0、10%、20%、50%)的豆粕,分别在饲喂第7,14,21,28,35天称量鸡的体重并采用H.E.染色研究鸡肝脏和肾脏组织的病理变化。结果表明:蓝藻粉替代基础日粮中的豆粕会对崇仁麻鸡的生长产生抑制作用,其抑制效应与蓝藻粉的添加量存在一定的剂量关系;蓝藻粉替代基础日粮中一定比例的豆粕饲喂崇仁麻鸡,鸡的肝脏和肾脏都出现了不同程度的病理损伤。说明蓝藻粉中微囊藻毒素对鸡的生长有病理毒害作用。     

益生素、甜叶菊提取物对鸡生长、屠宰、免疫性能及血清尿素氮的影响

试验旨在探讨饲料中添加益生素、甜叶菊提取物对青脚麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫性能及血清尿素氮含量的影响。将160只青脚麻鸡随机分为四组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只。A组日粮添加0.2%益生素;B组日粮添加0.2%甜叶菊提取物和0.2%益生素;C组日粮添加0.2%甜叶菊提取物;D组为空白对照组饲喂基础日粮。饲养试验时间为8周。结果表明:与空白对照组(D组)相比,在生长性能方面,A、B组的体重在第6周和第8周时显著增加(P<0.05);在屠宰性能方面,A、B组青脚麻鸡的宰前活重、屠宰率、全净膛率和半净膛率均显著增加(P<0.05);在免疫器官指数方面,B组青脚麻鸡的法氏囊指数显著增加(P<0.05);在血清尿素氮含量方面,A、B、C三组青脚麻鸡血清尿素氮的含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲料中添加益生素可以改善青脚麻鸡的生长性能和屠宰性能,并降低其体内血清尿素氮的含量,当与甜叶菊提取物一起添加时,还可提高其法氏囊指数。     

胍基乙酸对川藏黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响

为研究胍基乙酸对川藏黑猪断奶仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响,试验选择30日龄体重(7.37±0.23)kg的585头健康川藏黑猪商品代断奶仔猪,按体重相近原则随机分为3组:对照组饲喂基础饲粮,T1组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加胍基乙酸0.5 kg/t的饲粮,T2组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加胍基乙酸1.0 kg/t的饲粮.每组3个重复...     

日粮添加黑水虻虫粉对肉鸭生长性能、羽毛生长和屠宰性能的影响

试验旨在研究日粮中添加黑水虻虫粉对肉鸭生长性能、羽毛生长和屠宰性能的影响.试验选取900只21日龄体重相近的公番鸭,分为3个组,每组5个重复,每个重复60只番鸭.对照组为基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加3％和5％黑水虻虫粉.结果显示:①日粮黑水虻虫粉对肉鸭各阶段体重、平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比无显著影响(P＞...     

中草药、植物单宁对断奶仔猪生长性能和腹泻的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加中草药或植物单宁对仔猪生长性能和腹泻的影响.选取(7.67±1.21)kg左右的仔猪360头,按照体重一致、公母各半的原则随机分为3个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复24头仔猪,试验期28 d.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,中草药组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加中草药1000 mg/kg的饲粮,植物单宁组饲喂在基础饲...     

发酵辣木叶对广西麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

试验探究日粮中添加不同水平发酵辣木叶对广西麻鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取360只40日龄广西麻鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只肉鸡。对照组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验A、B、C组肉鸡分别饲喂基础日粮+10%发酵辣木、基础日粮+14%发酵辣木、基础日粮+18%发酵辣木。试验期49 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验B组广西麻鸡4 w末重显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验A组广西麻鸡的半净膛率显著降低(P<0.05),左胸肌率显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验A组、B组广西麻鸡的胸肌剪切力显著降低(P<0.05),试验组广西麻鸡的胸肌肌内脂肪极显著降低(P<0.01)。试验C组广西麻鸡的胸肌系水力极显著高于对照组、试验B组(P<0.01);试验A组、B组广西麻鸡的胸肌蒸煮损失显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,日粮中添加10%发酵辣木能够提高肉鸡的左胸肌率和前4 w的生长速度,降低鸡肉剪切力、蒸煮损失和肌内脂肪,从而改善肉品质。     

微量元素铜和硒对肉牛生长和脂质代谢的影响

文章旨在探讨日粮单独或联合补充微量元素铜和硒对肉牛生长性能、肌肉脂肪酸组成及血清抗氧化的影响.试验将平均体重为(389.98±1.67)kg的80只肉牛随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头.对照组饲喂基础日粮,T1组在基础日粮中以亚硒酸钠形式添加1.5?mg/kg硒,T2组在基础日粮中以硫酸铜的形式添加25?mg/...     

Effect of Dietary Picriafel-tarrae Lour Extracts on Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Guangxi Partridge Chickens

This trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary Picriafel-tarrae Lour extracts on serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Guangxi Partridge chickens. 500 Guangxi Partridge chickens with 1 day old were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 20 chicks per replicate.Groups A,B and C were treatment groups and fed diets with 0.70%,0.35% and 0.175% Picriafel-tarrae Lour extracts,respectively,group D was a medical control group fed a diet with 0.01% colistin sulfate premix,and group E was control group fed basal diet. Serum samples were collected from 10 chicks in each group at 21,35 and 49 days old to analyze the biochemical and immune indexes. The results showed that compared with group E, the contents of GLU and TP were not significantly affected by the Picriafel-tarrae Lour extracts (P>0.05).However, in 21 and 35 days old, the TBILI content of groups A,B and C were extremely significantly or significantly reduced (P<0.01;P<0.05);At 35 days old,the activity of serum AKP of groups A,B and C were extremely significantly higher than that of group E (P<0.01),and the activity of serum GOT of group C at 21 and 35 days old were significantly higher than that of group E (P<0.05);At 49 days old,the serum IgG content of groups A,B,C and IL-2 of groups B and C were extremely significantly or significantly lower than those of group E (P<0.01;P<0.05);At 49 days old,the T-AOC of group B was significantly higher than group E (P<0.05);The GSH content of groups A,B and C at 49 days old were significantly increased than group E (P<0.05).In conclusion,the dietary Picriafel-tarrae Lour extract could significantly decreased the TBILI content,reduce the contents of IgG,IL-2 and IL-6, improve the activities of AKP and GOT,and the contents of T-AOC and GSH in some degree. The 0.35% additive amount had the better effects.     

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Cultures on Growth Performance and Immunity Function of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of inactivated lactic acid bacteria cultures on growth performance and immunity function of broilers.A total of 300 one-day-old AA broilers with similar weight were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate (half male and half female).The control group was fed a basal diet;The antibiotic group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.01% chlortetracycline;The lactic acid bacteria cultures groups (L1, L2, L3) were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.16% lactic acid bacteria cultures L1, L2, L3, respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days, including two phase of days 1 to 21 (starter period) and days 22 to 42 (finisher period).The results showed as follows:From 1 to 21 days of age, ADFI of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L1 was extremely significant higher than that in control and antibiotic groups (P<0.01), the serum content of IL-2 was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), the indexes of spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The indexes of spleen and thymus of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L2 were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05);ADG of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L3 was extremely significant higher than that in control and antibiotic groups (P<0.01);The serum content of IFN-γ of broilers in antibiotic group was significantly higher than that in lactic acid bacteria cultures groups (P<0.05).From 22 to 42 days of age, ADG of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L1 and group L2 were extremely significant higher than that in control and antibiotic groups (P<0.01);The serum content of IgG was significantly higher than that in antibiotic group (P<0.05), Newcastle disease antibody titers in serum and the indexes of spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius of broilers were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05);The serum content of IgA and the thymus index of broilers in lactic acid bacteria cultures group L3 were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).Therefore, supplementing inactivated lactic acid bacteria cultures in a diet could improve growth performance and immunity function of broilers to some extent.Among them, adding L3 was better during starter period for improving growth performance of broilers, while add L1 and L2 during finisher period.Adding L1 was better during starter period for improving immunity function of broilers, while add L2 during finisher period.     

有机酸化剂对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响

本研究旨在探讨不同有机酸化剂组合对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及肠道微生物菌群的影响.试验采用单因子随机区组试验设计,选用540头28日龄平均体重为(8.23±0.40) kg的断奶“长×大”二元杂交仔猪,随机分成6个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复15头猪.对照组饲喂基础饲粮,有机酸化剂组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组)在基础饲粮中分别添加0.3％的有机酸化剂A、有机酸化剂B+C、有机酸化剂A+C、有机酸化剂A+仙人掌提取物(CE)、有机酸化剂A+C+CE.试验全期28 d.结果表明:在试验全期,与对照组相比,添加有机酸化剂A和B+C极显著提高仔猪平均日增重(P＜0.01).添加有机酸化剂A、A+CE和A+C+CE显著改善仔猪料重比(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与对照组比较,添加有机酸化剂A、B+C、A+C均可显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)降低腹泻率;各组有机酸化剂对大肠杆菌和产气英膜杆菌均有显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)抑制作用.在38和45日龄时,添加有机酸化剂A、B+C和A+C对金色葡萄球菌均有显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)抑制作用.在35、38和45日龄时,对照组与各有机酸化剂组间乳酸杆菌数量无显著差异(P＞0.05).上述结果提示,在仔猪饲粮中添加有机酸化剂A和B+C组合能够有效地改善断奶仔猪的生长性能和肠道健康,降低肠道有害菌总数.     

茶叶渣菌酶协同发酵饲料对青脚麻鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肌肉风味的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平茶叶渣菌酶协同发酵饲料对肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能和肌肉风味的影响.1080只25日龄青脚麻鸡随机分成5个组,每组6个重复,每重复36只.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组在基础日粮基础上添加5％的菌酶协同发酵饲料,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组添加1％、3％、5％的茶叶渣菌酶协同发酵饲料,试验期为28 d.结果 ...     

青贮杂交构树对杜湖杂交肉羊生长性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响

本研究旨在探讨青贮杂交构树对肉羊生长性能、血清生化指标、免疫指标、肉品质及肌肉氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响.选用健康、体重(24.2±0.65)kg相近的杜泊×湖羊F1代公羔36只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复3只.对照组(CG)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(LG、MG、HG)在基础饲粮中分别添加6％、12％和18％的青贮...     

无氮饲粮对肉鸡盲肠微生物菌群结构及内源氨基酸基础损失量的影响

本试验旨在研究无氮饲粮对14日龄和35日龄肉鸡盲肠微生物菌群结构及内源氨基酸基础损失量的影响。分别选用10日龄和31日龄罗斯(Ross)308雄性肉鸡,随机分为2个组:常规饲粮组和无氮饲粮组,每组5个重复,其中10日龄时每个重复12只鸡,31日龄时每个重复6只鸡,试验期均为4 d。结果表明:肉鸡14日龄和35日龄时,收粪法所得大多数氨基酸内源基础损失量均显著或极显著高于回肠食糜法(P<0.05或P<0.01)。相对常规饲粮,无氮饲粮改变了14日龄和35日龄肉鸡盲肠微生物16S rDNA V3高变区变性梯度凝胶电泳图谱的优势条带,其中14日龄和35日龄发生变化的优势条带灰度值占其整个优势条带总灰度值的比例分别为72%、39%。与常规饲粮相比,无氮饲粮对14日龄肉鸡盲肠食糜重、氨态氮浓度没有显著影响(P>0.05),但极显著降低了盲肠食糜中丁酸浓度(P<0.01),显著降低了异丁酸和戊酸浓度(P<0.05),极显著增加了丙酸浓度(P<0.01)。无氮饲粮组35日龄肉鸡盲肠食糜重极显著高于常规饲粮组(P<0.01),盲肠食糜氨态氮、乙酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸浓度则极显著降低(P<0.01)。综上所述,采用无氮饲粮测定内源氨基酸基础损失量时,收粪法所得大多数氨基酸内源基础损失量显著高于回肠食糜法。饲喂无氮饲粮4 d后,肉鸡盲肠食糜原有微生物优势菌群发生改变。     

丁酸梭菌和枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鹅生长性能、消化酶活性、抗氧化功能和肠道形态的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌和枯草芽孢杆菌对1～70日龄扬州鹅生长性能、消化酶活性、抗氧化功能和肠道形态的影响.选择1日龄健康、体重相近的扬州鹅公鹅288只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鹅.A组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,B组在基础饲粮中添加250 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(有效活菌数为3.0×106 CFU/...     

Effects of Dietary Picria felterrae Lour Extracts on Serum Biochemical Indexes and Immune Function of Guangxi Partridge Chickens

[Objective] This trial was to investigate the effect of dietary Picria felterrae Lour extracts on serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Guangxi Partridge chickens. [Method] Totally 500 individuals of 1-day-old Guangxi Partridge chickens were randomly divided into five groups, five replicates each group and 20 chicks each replicate. Groups A, B and C were treatment groups supplemented with 0.70%, 0.35% and0.175% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet, respectively; group D was a medical control group supplemented with 0.01% colistin sulfate premix in the basal diet; and group E was a control group with basal diet. Serum samples were collected from 10 chickens in each group at 21, 35 and 49 days of age, to analyze the biochemical and immune indexes. [Result] It had no significant impact on serum TP and GLU contents of chickens by adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet(P 0.05). However, at 21 and 35 days of age, the TBILI content of chickens in groups A, B and C were extremely lower or significantly lower than that in group E( P0.01; P0.05). At 35 days of age, the serum AKP activities in groups A, B and C were extremely higher than that in group E(P0.01), and the serum GOT activities at 21 and 35 days of age in group C were significantly higher than that in group E(P0.05). At 49 days of age, the serum Ig G content in groups A, B and C and the IL-2 content in group B and group C were significantly lower or extremely lower than that in group E( P0.05; P0.01); the T-AOC content in group B was significantly higher than that in group E(P0.05); the GSH content in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than that in group E( P0.05). Adding different levels of P. felterrae extracts in the diet significantly decreased the TBILI content, reduced the Ig G, IL-2 and IL-6 contents, and improved the AKP and GOT activities and the T-AOC and GSH contents of Guangxi Partridge chicken. [Conclusion] Adding 0.35% P. felterrae extracts in the basal diet received the best effort.     

发酵菜籽粕对肉鸡生长性能、营养物质消化吸收及肉品质的影响

本试验以发酵菜籽粕等氮替代不同比例豆粕,研究其对肉鸡生长性能、营养物质消化吸收及肉品质的影响。选取200只7日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,每组设置5个重复,每个重复10只鸡(公母各占1/2)。A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;B、C、D组为试验组,分别用发酵菜籽粕等氮替代基础饲粮中15%、35%和50%的豆粕进行饲喂。试验从7日龄开始,至42日龄结束。结果显示:1)7~42日龄阶段,C、D组平均日增重均极显著低于A组(P0.01),料重比均极显著高于A组(P0.01),同时C组的平均日采食量极显著高于A组(P0.01);B组的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比与A组差异不显著(P0.05)。2)42日龄时,B、C、D组肠道食糜pH较A组分别下降1.57%(P0.01)、1.41%(P0.01)、0.16%(P0.05);B、C、D组肠道食糜黏度较A组分别下降4.17%(P0.05)、4.17%(P0.05)、1.67%(P0.05)。42日龄时,与A组相比,B组蛋白质表观消化率、能量表观消化率、脂肪表观消化率显著或极显著上升(P0.05或P0.01),而C、D组蛋白质表观消化率、脂肪表观消化率则显著或极显著下降(P0.05或P0.01)。3)与A组比,各试验组胸肌的pH_(45 min)、pH_(24 h)出现不同程度的下降,但B组pH_(24 h)与A组差异不显著(P0.05);与A组相比,B组胸肌的亮度(L~*)值极显著提高(P0.01),红度(a~*)、黄度(b~*)值则极显著降低(P0.01);各试验组胸肌的滴水损失极显著低于A组(P0.01);B、C组胸肌的剪切力极显著低于A组(P0.01);B、C、D组胸肌的肌苷酸含量较A组分别提高2.55%(P0.01)、0.66%(P0.05)、0.21%(P0.05)。综上,发酵菜籽粕等氮替代肉鸡饲粮中15%的豆粕对生长性能无负面影响,同时还可促进肉鸡对营养物质的消化吸收并改善肉品质。     

辣木梗叶对奶牛生产性能及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在探究辣木梗叶替代基础饲粮中50%苜蓿对泌乳奶牛生产性能及血浆生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。选取8头产后100~150 d,经产,体重、胎次、产奶量相同或相近的健康的荷斯坦奶牛,每4头为1组分为2组进行交叉试验。试验(A)组饲喂用辣木梗叶替代基础饲粮中50%苜蓿的试验饲粮,对照(B)组饲喂基础饲粮。试验分2期进行,每期18 d,其中前15天为预试期,后3天为试验期。采集血样及奶样,并记录干物质采食(DMI)量和产奶量。结果表明:1)与B组相比,A组奶牛的DMI显著增加(P0.05),产奶量有升高的趋势(0.05≤P0.10),且显著提高了乳蛋白率、乳蛋白产量和乳总固形物含量,有降低乳体细胞数的趋势(0.05≤P0.10);2)A组奶牛血浆中胆固醇(CHOL)和甘油三酯(TG)的含量显著低于B组(P0.05),碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性与游离脂肪酸(NEFA)含量有下降的趋势(0.05≤P0.10);3)与B组相比,A组显著提高了奶牛血浆中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)以及抑制羟自由基能力(P0.05),显著降低了血浆中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05),显著提高血浆中免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)的含量(P0.05)。因此,辣木梗叶在一定程度上可促进奶牛生产性能的提高,预防乳房炎的发生,改善奶牛血浆生化指标,提高奶牛机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能,可作为优质粗饲料应用于奶牛的生产实践。