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为获得防除加拿大一枝黄花的有效药剂,揭示化学防治的主要特征,采用单一药剂、单一药剂+助剂、混合药剂及触杀型+内吸型药剂4种药剂处理方式进行田间药效试验。结果表明,25%环嗪酮可溶液剂7 500mL/hm~2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐水剂6 000mL/hm~2+有机硅300g/hm~2、20%氯氟吡氧乙酸乳油750mL/hm~2+20%草铵膦水剂8 740mL/hm~2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐水剂6 000mL/hm~2+20%草铵膦水剂8 740mL/hm~2对加拿大一枝黄花的防效显著。施药35d后,株防效均达到100.00%,地上部分鲜重防效分别达到80.2%、90.4%、83.0%和88.9%。除25%环嗪酮可溶液剂致植株根腐效果不佳外,其余3种药剂组合地下部分鲜重防效均达到70%以上,可作为加拿大一枝黄花防除的典型药剂进行推广。组合药剂喷施方式表明,内吸型和触杀型药剂喷施顺序不同,对加拿大一枝黄花的防除效果存在明显差异。以单一药剂最大剂量防除加拿大一枝黄花的效果显示,喷施大剂量单一药剂不一定能明显提高防治效果。 相似文献
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为明确防除春季加拿大一枝黄花的最佳除草剂及其剂量,于2018年4月19-21日在湖南省长沙县郭公渡加拿大一枝黄花集中暴发地,选用2017年7月加拿大一枝黄花防除试验中效果最佳的4种典型内吸性除草剂、1种触杀性除草剂和3种助剂开展了春季加拿大一枝黄花化学防除试验。结果表明,41%草甘膦异丙铵盐AS 1756.50 g/hm 2、25%环嗪酮SL 1718.50 g/hm 2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐AS 769.20 g/hm 2+农用有机硅增效剂600.00 g/hm 2、25%环嗪酮SL 1407.25 g/hm 2+农用有机硅增效剂600.00 g/hm 2、25%环嗪酮SL 1407.25 g/hm 2+乙基化和甲基化植物油1800.00 g/hm 2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐AS 2743.50 g/hm 2+48%三氯吡氧乙酸丁氧基乙酯EC 3000.96 g/hm 2和20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 150.00 g/hm 2+20%草铵膦AS 1049.40 g/hm 27组药剂处理对春季加拿大一枝黄花防效最佳,且用药量少。施药后30 d,试验小区内植株均出现根腐株,防效均达到100%,地上和地下鲜重防效分别达到78%、68%以上。这7组药剂组合可作为加拿大一枝黄花防除的典型药剂进行推广。与2017年夏季我们对加拿大一枝黄花化学药剂筛选结果相比,不仅提高了防效,还减少了用药量加拿大一枝黄花化学防治的最佳时期为春季。 相似文献
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Solidago canadensis is a noxious invasive species in China. We examined the influences of herbicides on pollen germination and pollen tube growth and the effects of cutting flowers and herbicides on seed production and quality. We also determined the seed production and resource allocation to different organs of S. canadensis after uprooting the plants during their reproductive periods. The main results were as follows: (i) 49% pollen of S. canadensis was able to germinate on an appropriate medium; (ii) compared with paraquat, ethephon and 2,4-D, glyphosate had an ideal inhibitory effect on pollen germination and the formation of seeds of S. canadensis ; (3) cut flowering branches, when placed in water or nutrient solution, were still able to produce viable seeds; (4) resources were allocated more to the inflorescences to facilitate seed maturation after plants were uprooted at the flowering stage. Uprooted flower branches were still able to produce viable seeds, especially those in full flower. Therefore, in order to reduce the seed production of S. canadensis and spread of the species we suggest: (i) apply glyphosate at the flower bud stage, (ii) completely destroy uprooted plants at flowering stages and (iii) avoid using the flowering branches as ornamental materials. 相似文献
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加拿大一枝黄花与相似种的区别及防除 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
本文就加拿大一枝黄花的特征特性以及与3个相似种的区别、在我国的分布和生境情况进行了描述,并对加拿大一枝黄花的防除方法和策略进行了总结。 相似文献