屋顶绿化木本植物的抗旱性研究

为了筛选出适宜屋顶绿化需要的节水抗旱木本植物,在2010年4-6月,以石家庄市的气候条件为基础,测定自然干旱胁迫条件下16种屋顶绿化木本植物的叶片面积、相对含水量、质膜相对透性、可溶性糖含量等指标,综合分析16种木本植物树种的抗旱性。结果表明,柳树、小叶杨、白榆、杠柳抗旱性最强,推荐用于屋顶绿化;金叶女贞、桑树、紫叶小檗、棣棠、红瑞木、珍珠梅、金银木、臭椿、大叶黄杨的抗旱性中等,通过精细管理也可用于屋顶绿化;金叶榆、构树、火炬的抗旱性弱,建议选用时应加强灌溉措施。     

8种屋顶绿化木本植物的耐热性比较

筛选适应屋顶特殊环境的木本植物,对于丰富屋顶绿化植物种类、发挥屋顶绿化的生态和美化功能具有重要的现实意义。高温胁迫是植物正常生长发育的限制因子,为了探索屋顶绿化木本植物的耐热性,研究其在屋顶高温环境下的适应能力,笔者以屋顶上生长的白榆、柳树、构树、杠柳、小叶杨、金银木和较适宜屋顶绿化的金叶榆、珍珠梅8种木本植物为试验材料,测定不同梯度热处理条件下叶片相对电导率,配合Forstst2.1统计分析,对8种木本植物耐热性进行了研究,结果表明：叶片经梯度高温处理后,处理温度与细胞伤害率之间呈“S”形曲线。通过Logistic拐点确定半致死温度LT50,由高到低依次为：杠柳65.30℃、金银木63.80℃、小叶杨57.85℃、柳树56.84℃、白榆55.87℃、珍珠梅49.94℃、构树44.81℃、金叶榆43.98℃。8种植物材料中,杠柳、金银木的耐热能力最好,柳树、白榆、小叶杨次之,珍珠梅、构树、金叶榆耐热性较差。     

Developmental Application of Roof Greening against the Background of “Sponge City”: A Case Study of Ningbo City

In view of the problems of architectural eco-civilization in Ningbo City against the background of "sponge city", this paper proposed that development of roof greening in the city met the development concepts of sponge city, summarized six basic countermeasures and four cooperation mechanisms for the developmental application of roof greening in Ningbo City by analyzing practical experience of roof greening construction in foreign countries.     

云南高原特色农业比较优势研究

为找到云南高原特色农业凸显优势和发展空间,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,定性以毗邻云南的四川、重庆、贵州、广西以及“桥头堡”开放重点的东南亚国家为参比对象,定量以除香港、澳门外的全国32个省份为参比对象,共选取4类定性和6类含44项具体定量指标,对云南省高原特色农业比较优势进行综合评价。结果表明：云南省高原特色农业综合比较优势系数为1.55,具有多样性、生态安全性、时差互补性3个综合比较优势。研究结果为云南以及其他高原地区农业发展提供参考。     

小麦发育温光效应的模拟研究

在室内人工控制条件下,对17个不同类型的小麦品种进行低温春化处理(0,10,20,30,40,50,60,70天)和光长处理(6,10,14,24小时)试验.初步揭示了温、光对供试品种的单独效应规律.提出了高温与光长对小麦品种的离析作用,解释了不同品种的自然生态适应性,进一步明确了品种对温光反应是一种数量累积效应,并根据数量变化的量与质的关系进行了断截分类.     

Numerical taxonomic studies of mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties in Nigeria

Summary The major characters which account for the variation among the mango varieties in Nigeria were studied using PCA and SCLA. Thirty-one varieties were collected in all ecological zones of the country. Altogether 64 characters were observed and coded for analysis. The results from both methods divided the varieties into two or four groups. The PCA showed that the combination of qualitative and quantitative data as well as combination of few vegetative characters with many reproductive characters are important for mango classification. The primary and secondary characters in classification of mango varieties are discussed.     

冬季自然条件下12种屋顶绿化木本植物抗寒性分析

为探索屋顶绿化木本植物的抗寒能力,筛选出耐寒强的屋顶绿化木本植物,在2010年12月、2011年1月和2月冬季自然降温条件下,结合实地观测屋顶和地面温度、风力、相对湿度等气象因子,采用电导法,分别对12种木本植物1年生休眠枝条细胞膜透性进行测定。结果显示,石家庄冬季屋顶比地面温度高、风速大、相对湿度低。构树、柳树、金银木抗寒能力强,‘金叶’榆、桑树、杠柳、白榆、小叶杨、‘金叶’女贞抗寒能力较强,珍珠梅、棣棠、红瑞木抗寒能力较弱。运用电导法评定屋顶绿化木本植物抗寒性是可靠的,为快速筛选抗寒性强的屋顶绿化木本植物提供了参考依据。     

基于TOPSIS原理的石灰岩山地不同树种景观与生态效益分析

为解决石灰岩山地荒山绿化遴选景观与生态效益优良的树种问题,以鲁中南山地典型石灰岩山地的9种10年生树种为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内相结合的方法,从树种的季相变化、观赏价值、树形、植物种类、绿视率、郁闭度、通透距离、冠幅、植株高度9个方面研究景观效益,从枯落物总蓄积量、土壤容重、土壤总孔隙度、增加的贮水量、渗透速率、减蚀量、有机质、碳汇量8个方面研究生态效益。基于TOPSIS原理,对不同树种之间的景观与生态效益进行综合评定,筛选出适合石灰岩山地栽种的优良树种。研究表明,9种树种中,五角枫的景观与生态效益最好,刺槐和黄连木次之。该研究有助于提升石灰岩山地森林质量,更好地发挥森林的多功能效益。     

Problems of Shoal Wetland and Riverfront Greening in China and Solutions:A Case Study of Zhejiang Province

Shoal wetland and riverfront greening are important contents of "afforestation for flood control",in addition to increasing shoal wetland biodiversity and waterscapes,they can also restore and improve coastal ecological environment,and broaden the green area on the plain effectively. Through analyzing problems of shoal wetland and riverfront greening in Zhejiang Province,this paper took successful cases for example to propose the ideas for implementing plain greening effectively,such as "afforestation for flood control","landscaping construction is an ecological infrastructure project","plan wetland greening according to actual conditions","promote wetland greening by enhancing the cooperation among relevant departments","adopt multiple measures to enhance riverfront greening".     

京珠高速公路（衡阳段）乡土植物数量分类及其在生态绿化中的应用

为了研究京珠高速公路（衡阳段）乡土植物数量分类及其在生态绿化中的应用,笔者对京珠高速公路（衡阳段）的乡土植被类型及植物种类进行全面调查,应用模糊聚类方法对其数量进行分类,并结合植物本身的生物学、生态学及生理学特征,筛选出适合衡阳段高速公路两侧绿化带、边坡绿化的乡土植物种类以及生态绿化模式。结果表明：衡阳路域共有维管束植物352种,隶属于99科232属,且可分为4个植物群丛类型,它们分别是：Ⅰ.杉木+马尾松-夹竹桃+山茶花-假俭草+淡竹叶群丛;Ⅱ.黧蒴+乌桕-夹竹桃+紫薇-类芦+臭牡丹群丛;Ⅲ.黧蒴+深山含笑-八角枫+香叶树-积雪草+佛甲草群丛;Ⅳ.构树+女贞-芒+鹿蹄草群丛,筛选出50种生态绿化的乡土植物,并根据不同的生境条件,按照群落学的原则设计3种生态绿化模式,它们分别是Ⅰ.草本+藤本模式（位于公路外0~10 m）;Ⅱ.灌木+草本+藤本模式（位于公路外10~15 m）;Ⅲ.乔木+灌木+草本+藤本模式（位于公路外15~20 m）。这将丰富该区域植被生态学与恢复生态学的内容,为京珠高速公路（衡阳段）的生态绿化提供一定的理论依据。     

Application and Development of Vertical Greening in Urban Landscaping

Major contents, application value and material selection of urban vertical greening were elaborated, current situation and problems of vertical greening in foreign and domestic cities discussed, application prospects of vertical greening in urban landscaping were analyzed against the background of ecological civilization.     

Development Trend of Vertical Greening in China and Countermeasures

Current situation of urban green spaces was analyzed, vertical greening, elevated floor and roof garden were effi cient ways of expanding urban green coverage area. The signifi cance of expanding green areas, improving soil, renovating and maintaining green plants was discussed.     

Design of Landscape Ecological Restoration for “Five Mining Areas” of the Laoqing Mountain in the Dianchi Lake Basin

Through analyzing basic conditions of the "five mining areas" in the Laoqing Mountain of the Dianchi Lake Basin, in Kunming City, South China, the ecological restoration design of "integrating engineering protection and biological restoration, building the landscape ecological security pattern of the Laoqing Mountain" was proposed. Considering the different ecological functional areas, varying engineering measures, greening patterns, and irrigation means were selected for the ecological restoration, including site management, vegetation restoration, management and utilization etc.. These ecological restoration measures will produce favorable ecological benefits, and also take landscape effect and sustainable development into consideration, which will contribute to the ecological restoration of the "five mining areas", and provide a scientific and feasible reference for the ecological restoration in China.     

Investigation of Village Greening in the New Countryside Construction of Xinyu City,Jiangxi Province

On the basis of field investigation in 13 typical villages in Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, and questionnaire survey over 45 local residents, this paper analyzed rural production and living environment, greening conditions, and villagers' consciousness about greening in the local area, and proposed 5 major principles for village greening: government plays the leading role, rural households are subjects; adopt unifi ed planning and coordinated development; choose suitable species for suitable land according to actual conditions; put ecology on the top priority, balance economic and ecological development; facilitate operation and management. In addition, the paper highlighted 5 characters in village greening, namely, cultural, ecological, practical, concise, and lifeconcerned.     

疏勒河中游绿洲生态功能分区研究

生态功能分区是区域生态系统保护与综合管理的基础,可为区域生态系统恢复与社会经济协调发展提供科学依据。基于疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境存在主要问题的分析,确定了疏勒河中游绿洲生态功能分区目标、分区原则与依据。运用RS和GIS技术,采用定性和定量以及计算机图形空间迭置法等方法,将疏勒河中游绿洲划分为绿洲农业、荒漠戈壁、防风固沙、平原绿洲植物、盐渍化防治和平原绿洲湿地6个生态功能区和34个生态功能亚区,并对各个功能区生态服务功能、生态保护方向、生态保护以及生态功能恢复措施等特征进行了分析。研究结果对促进《敦煌水资源合理利用与生态保护综合规划》的顺利实施具有一定借鉴与参考作用,同时对促进干旱内陆河流域绿洲生态环境保护与恢复、水资源综合管理和有效配置、区域产业布局与生态经济系统协调可持续发展具有重要意义。     

The Ecological Value and Feasibility of Composting Technology for Garden Soil Improvement

Soil quality of garden plants is an important factor for good growth of garden plants.Based on the analysis of the current situation of garden soil,the ecological value and feasibility of composting technology applied in garden soil improvement were discussed.This study provided a basis for strengthening the quality management of garden soil,improving the standard of garden soil improvement,and helping the healthy and sustainable development of modern garden greening.     

A tutorial on the statistical analysis of factorial experiments with qualitative and quantitative treatment factor levels

Agronomic experiments are often complex and difficult to interpret, and the proper use of appropriate statistical methodology is essential for an efficient and reliable analysis. In this paper, the basics of the statistical analysis of designed experiments are discussed using real examples from agricultural field trials. Factorial designs allow for the study of two or more treatment factors in the same experiment, and here we discuss the analysis of factorial designs for both qualitative and quantitative level treatment factors. Where treatment factors have quantitative levels, models of treatment effects are essential for efficient analysis and in this paper we discuss the use of polynomials for empirical quantitative modelling of treatment effects. The example analyses cover experiments with a single quantitative level factor, experiments with mixtures of quantitative and qualitative level factors, polynomial regression designs with two quantitative level factors, split‐plot designs with quantitative level factors and repeated‐measures designs with correlated data and a quantitative treatment response over time. Modern mixed model computer software for routine analysis of experimental data is now readily available, and we demonstrate the use of two alternative software packages, the SAS package and the R language. The main purpose of the paper is to exemplify standard statistical methodology for routine analysis of designed experiments in agricultural research, but in our discussion we also provide some references for the study of more advanced methodology.     

Functions and Plant Configuration of Wuhan Jiangtan Park

With the rapid development of social economy, and constant improvement of living standards, modern people have had higher requirements on neighboring environment. Park green space is an important component of urban ecosystem, it improves quality of urban ecological environment, reduces urban heat island effect, and beautifies city environment. By studying plant configuration in Jiangtan Park, Hankou District, Wuhan City, functional areas were regarded as a whole to collect data, AHP was applied to investigate the sample plots, garden plant landscape evaluation system was established, and landscapes in all units were evaluated. From the perspectives of site type, functional area, plant configuration, landscape composition, this paper analyzed site conditions of Jiangtan Park, provided scientific theoretic support and case reference for the plant configuration of park green spaces, which would play an extremely important role in improving urban ecological environment and enhancing urban landscape effect.     

北京地区轻型屋顶绿化植被毯多植物配植模式初探

屋顶绿化是构建海绵城市的重要措施之一,轻型屋顶绿化植被毯有着建坪速度快、绿化效果好,便于快速推广等优势,但北京地区目前屋顶绿化植被毯存在植物种类单一、景观效果差等问题。以筛选出的适合屋顶绿化的蒙古百里香(Thymus mongolicus)、垂盆草(Sedum sarmentorsum)、‘胭脂’红景天(Sedum spurium‘Coccineum’)、反曲景天(Sedum reflexum)和白花点地梅(Androsace incana)5 种植物材料,运用对比试验法,以椰丝垫作为基底材料,进行多种植物配植的植被毯试验,通过2、4 cm 2 种基质厚度对比试验,发现4 cm厚基质的5种植物组合大约在施工后47天左右成坪,57天左右成毯。     

柳州市主城区滨水绿地植物景观效益数量化研究

园林植物景观效益的数量化是今后园林绿化的一个发展趋势。在抽样调查的基础上,借鉴唐东芹等人的AHP模型与方法,采用定量与定性指标相结合的方法对柳州市主城区滨水绿地植物景观效益进行数量化分析。结果表明,绿化树种丰富,以乡土树种为主,植物群落多样化,观花和其他观赏特征并存,季相变化明显,植物配置将美观与实用结合起来,真正实践了“以人为本”的植物景观设计理念。但地方文化树种、特色树种有待进一步的挖掘和应用,滨水绿地的养护管理与生态建设有待进一步的加强。