广西石灰岩山区土地可持续利用综合评价与诊断

为探究广西石灰岩山区土地可持续利用水平,协调区域科学发展,从社会可接受性、生产经济性、生态安全性3个方面选取15个指标构建土地可持续利用综合评价体系,并运用三角模型和熵权法等方法综合分析了广西石灰岩山区主要的32个县(区)土地利用可持续状态,识别各区县土地利用所存在的问题,找出了影响土地可持续利用的障碍因素。研究表明：兴宾区、金城江区、柳江区等11个县(区)为相对可持续状态,东兰县、平果县等10县(区)为弱可持续状态,而罗城仫佬族自治县、忻城县等11个县为不可持续状态。根据障碍因素诊断结果,结合广西主体功能区的发展规划要求,石灰岩山区各县(区)可探索进行土地差别化利用转型,以实现更好的土地可持续利用模式。     

福建省各县(市、区)经济发展实力评估与分类研究

为了研究福建省各县（市、区）经济发展水平的差异,对福建省各县（市、区）的经济实力进行评价,通过建立具有递阶层次结构的指标体系,运用层次分析-极差正规化综合评价方法、聚类分析法对福建省各县（市、区）的经济实力进行实证评价并分类。研究结果将福建省67个县（市、区）划分为经济发展实力雄厚、经济发展实力较强、经济发展实力较薄弱、经济发展实力薄弱四类地区,并为提升各类地区的经济发展实力分类提出相应的政策建议。     

GIS辅助下的城市土地集约利用评价——以黄三角城市群为例

为了研究县域的城市土地集约利用情况,选择开发较晚但代表性强的黄河三角洲城市群为研究区域,结合该研究区域的特点,采用改进的层次分析法,从土地投入水平、土地利用强度、土地产出效益和土地利用生态环境质量4个层面,对黄三角城市群的19个县（市、区）的土地集约利用情况进行了评价和分析,并在GIS的辅助下,绘制了这19个区（县）的土地集约利用程度专题图。结果显示：广饶县的综合评价分值最高,沾化县综合评价分值最低,分别为63.4539、8.6519;在土地投入水平上,广饶县最高,利津县最低,分别为88.3224、5.7364;在土地利用强度上,寿光市最高,河口区最低,分别为83.4258、3.7468;在土地产出效益上,广饶县最高,沾化县最低,分别为89.0062、1.9548;在土地利用生态环境质量上,莱州市最高,沾化县最低,分别为94.0085、11.9175。由此看出,黄三角城市群的城市土地集约利用水平整体偏低,县（市、区）之间差异较大,相关部门应结合各地区土地利用中存在的问题,给予针对性提高。     

农村集体建设用地集约利用面临的挑战与对策——以渝东北11区县为例

渝东北地区作为重庆市“一圈两翼”发展战略的重要组成部分,具有三峡库区的特殊性,该地区农村集体建设用地的集约利用将更加有效地显化农村土地资产、保护库区生态环境。基于此本文对渝东北地区丰都、忠县、垫江、梁平、万州、开县、云阳、奉节、巫山、巫溪、城口等11个区县展开实地调研,并综合运用问卷调查、专家咨询和文献资料等方法,解析了该地区“宅基地置换城镇住房保障”、“城乡建设用地增减挂钩”等多种土地集约利用创新模式,以及产权管理模糊、规划管理薄弱等面临的挑战,最后从完善农村集体建设用地产权、统筹城乡建设用地规划管理2个方面论述了农村集体建设用地集约利用的对策建议。     

重庆农村新型股份合作社发育动因研究——基于重庆500户农户和100位基层干部的调查数据

为了探索出适合城乡统筹区域的新农村股份合作社,基于重庆市12个县(市、区)的500户农户和100位基层干部的随机抽样调查数据,从制度经济学的角度研究重庆农村新型股份合作社的发育动因。结果表明:(1)农业经济效益低下,城乡居民收入差距大是合作社制度创新的根本原因;(2)作为农业的最直接生产和经营者的农户,认为通过组建或参与农村新型股份合作社,能够给他们带来较高的并且稳定的收益,因此农户便很容易地自愿组成一个个的初级行动团体,共同追逐更多的外部利润;(3)样本区大多数基层干部认为农村新型股份合作社是促进资源整合、提升农业产业化经营水平、加快新农村建设的有效途径。由此可见,无论是初级行动团体还是次级行动团体都对农村新型股份合作社表现出积极的参与意愿,农村新型股份合作社这种制度创新必将发生。     

基于GIS的重庆市耕地质量评价模型的建立与检验

借助GIS空间数据获取、分析与管理能力,基于农用地分等方法的应用和改进,建立了重庆市耕地质量评价模型。评价模型通过分功能模块从机理上实现评价质量控制,就光温/气候潜力加和算法,采用以能值为基础确定标准产量折算系数 ,引入光温潜力协调系数 ;就自然质量分模型,指标区之间因素－分级－分值进行了统一,但保留了因素权重的区域差异性。采用2004-2005年重庆市分区县统计的平均粮食播面单产对自然质量等和利用等进行独立检验,线性相关系数分别达83％和87％,相关性显著。研究得出结论,评价模型有效实现了重庆市耕地质量评价区域间的可比性。     

Soundscape Design of Old Urban Residential Districts

This paper introduced the concept of soundscape, investigated sound environment of old urban residential districts, and explored soundscape elements and soundscape designs. In view of current sound environment features of old urban residential districts and different population groups' preferences for different sound elements, this paper proposed soundscape design methods to improve sound environment of old urban residential districts.     

Conceptualization of Art and Architecture

Western modern and contemporary architecture and art is a conceptual architecture and art, change in human concept promotes the development of modern and contemporary architecture and art, presents us a new look. Evolvement of concept is the core force that pushes forward the unceasing development of art and architecture, art and architecture as concept always influence and interact with each other and create a new dimension. Both architects and artists try to express their opinions using the individualized works and practices in the context of changing values in social transformation, which has become the significance of contemporary architectural design and artistic creation.     

Contextual Relations between Modern Architecture and Science,Art and Technology in Social Changes

Modern architecture has been not only influenced by political, economic, cultural and social factors in its development history, but also related to the development of science, art and technology. By taking the time sequence of modern architecture development in social changes as the longitudinal axis, and the influence of the three technological revolutions, science and technology (physics, chemistry, biology), art development on modern architecture as the horizontal axis, this study through the overlay analysis elaborated the correlation between modern architecture and the development of science, art and technology in social changes, and summarized five characteristics and laws of modern architecture. It provided a theoretic reference for knowing the history of architecture, and creating the future architecture, and also for the future development of local and national architecture.     

Resource Flows and the Decomposition of Regional Inequality in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Metropolitan Region, 1990–2004

This paper introduces a new way of decomposing regional inequality. It divides the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei metropolitan region into three sets of districts in terms of the urban–rural resource flows: urban, peri‐urban, and peripheral areas. Unlike the administrative divisions, these three sets of districts show how resource flows and agglomerates at the regional level. The paper decomposes regional inequality according to the three sets of districts. The paper's findings show that regional inequality decreased between 1990 and 1994, after which it remained steady. The study, for the first time, brings peri‐urban areas into a regional decomposition analysis, and contributes to the understanding of urban–rural resource flows and inequality changes at the regional level.     

白银市低丘缓坡土地建设开发适宜性评价

为了拓展城市用地发展空间,解决城市用地紧张问题,逐步提高低丘缓坡土地为各类建设的供地能力,通过采用级差正规化法和熵值法,研究白银市三县两区低丘缓坡土地开发成建设用地的适宜性程度。结果表明,景泰县和靖远县的低丘缓坡土地建设开发适宜性为高度适宜,平川区和白银区为中度适宜,会宁县为低度适宜。通过研究最终得出景泰县、靖远县、白银区和平川区的低丘缓坡土地开发成建设用地的整体条件较好,适宜性程度较高,在当前条件下适宜开发成建设用地;会宁县低丘缓坡土地现有条件较差,不适宜开发成建设用地,但通过一定的生物措施和工程措施后,可改善区域条件,在未来条件下可进行开发。     

区域城市化阶段划分与粮食播种面积变化

为了明确三峡库区（重庆段）各区（县）城市化阶段与粮食播种面积变化驱动力分区,并明确对应城市化阶段与粮食播种面积变化驱动力分区之间的关系,笔者运用了统计分析法、层次分析法、模糊综合评价法进行研究。研究结果表明：（1）研究区城市化率增长速度快,根据城市化率确定了不同时期各区（县）所处的城市化阶段;（2）粮食播种面积总体上呈现下降趋势与“适度增加—急剧减少—小幅增加—小幅减少”的状态,并且区（县）差异明显;（3）粮食播种面积驱动力空间分区可分为最优型经济福利—生态安全驱动区、最优型经济福利—粮食安全驱动区、生存型经济福利—粮食安全驱动区;（4）确定了研究区城市化阶段与粮食播种面积变化驱动力分区的对应关系。此项研究有利于缓和粮食安全保障与经济发展的矛盾,也可为研究区制定差异化的粮食安全保障措施提供参考。     

Status Quo and Development Prospects of Vertical Greening in Urban Districts of Chongqing City

On the basis of investigating vertical greening in urban districts of Chongqing City, major problems were analyzed, dominant greening patterns were summarized, and major plant species suitable for the vertical greening of urban districts in Chongqing City were given. On this basis, key technologies and development prospects of the vertical greening were explored.     

现代艺术在城市园林设计中运用的讨论

摘要：随着当今社会的发展,大众的生活水平、文化水平、对艺术的认识水平不断提高,人们的审美水平在日益的增长。现代艺术设计是新时代的产物,而设计与艺术是无法分隔开的。城市园林设计是现代最为综合的艺术,它与现代艺术形式之间有着必然的联系。如今,城市园林设计飞速发展,艺术设计在艺术学领域也在蓬勃兴起。本文简要对城市园林设计的内涵做了界定,阐述了城市园林设计与现代艺术之间的关系,从园林中的小品、雕塑、植物造景等多个方面,分析了现代艺术影响下的城市园林设计。     

基于NC-DEA模型长株潭耕地利用经济效率的视窗分析

笔者利用长株潭地域15个县市区1996—2012时段面板数据,采用非控制变量数据包络模型视窗分析方法研究耕地利用效率的变化。结果发现:长株潭市区县地域单元耕地利用经济效率时间变化相对稳定,市域耕地利用经济效率高于其他地域,表明外部环境因素对经济效率产生明显影响,优越的社会经济环境条件有利于耕地效率的提高,非控制变量的数据包络方法在不删除其他要素条件下能评价耕地单要素效率,视窗分析能解释效率的动态变化,二者结合的特定要素的DEA视窗分析方法可以给其他类型土地效率评价提供重要的分析工具。     

Spatial Diffusion of Management Practices in Urban and Rural Areas

Data on production and management practices across firms are scarce.Therefore studies of rural and urban industrial development have usually abstracted from this issue or have invoked product cycle theory to explain comparative urban and rural productive ingenuity. Several qualitative studies of rural production have contradicted the product cycle hypotheses, but attempts to generalize these results have not succeeded. An attempt is made here to test the product cycle explanation of industrial location using the registry of firms with ISO 9000 certification in nine southern states. These data suggest a bifurcation of rural counties. Urban and rural counties containing certified firms have been much more likely to increase the number of such firms, but in those counties without certified firms the probability of new certified firms has declined     

庭园园艺——城市市区发展都市农业的最佳模式

庭园园艺经济是都市农业重要、不可少的一部分,特别是城市市区发展都市农业的最好模式,目前我国还普遍没有认识到这一点。经过对美国、德国、荷兰等一些国家庭园园艺业的考察以及查阅有关文献、资料,阐述了在城市市区如何发展庭园园艺业,及其可以带来的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益。同时建议政府把发展庭园园艺经济融入到都市农业规划中。     

Developing the Regulatory Detailed Planning and Drawing up for Promoting the Urban Development--Some Ideas on Urban Construction of Middle and Small Cities in Underdevelopment Districts

This paper is directed against the traditional two-phase planning and drawing-up system widespread in the towns and cities of underdeveloped districts and suggests that the regulatory detailed planning and drawing up should be developed. During the planning and drawing up, the characteristic of town and city of underdeveloped districts should be taken into account and a choice and emphasis should be made for strengthening the urban planning administration and accelerating the urban development.     

Tax increment financing: Capturing or creating growth?

This research examines tax increment financing (TIF), a widely used economic development tool, and property values to determine whether TIFs capture activity that would have occurred anyway. Using 2003–2012 data from Indiana counties, we test a two‐stage model focusing on TIF adoption (stage 1) and impact on assessed value within the TIF district and outside the TIF district (stage 2). Model results show that TIF adoption is positively related to TIF use in surrounding counties, median household income and employment growth, which suggests that TIF is used to capture existing growth. The results of the impact model show that as the share of county assessed value in TIF increases, assessed value in non‐TIF areas decreases and assessed value within TIF districts does not increase, which raises concerns about the efficacy of TIF.