共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
应用气味丰容减少圈养华南虎(Panthera tigris amoyensis)的刻板行为 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2012年3~7月,对上海动物园2只雄性华南虎的刻板行为特征进行总结和分析,并开展同种其他个体的气味丰容,旨在减少圈养华南虎的刻板行为.华南虎的刻板行为主要出现在外展区4个区域,分别位于外展区的水池边、饲料投喂口、动物串门,室内笼舍.主要表现为重复性踱步,整体形状为“8”字形或者直线;华南虎的刻板行为主要发生于早晨(7:00~8:00)、傍晚(16:00~18:00).气味丰容前后,华南虎的昼间行为的整体分配出现显著性差异(P<0.05),其中刻板行为的发生频率显著降低(P<0.05);活动行为的发生频率显著提升(P<0.05),标记行为显著增加(P<0.05);站立行为、卧息行为及睡眠行为减少,其他行为(如嗅闻和探索)增加,但均无显著差异(P>0.05). 相似文献
2.
David G Baker 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2002,33(4):389-391
A captive adult male Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) was treated for chronic footpad ulcers associated with pacing on concrete cage surfaces. Combination therapy of oral fluoxetine and acepromazine administration to diminate pacing behavior, daily application of moisturizing ointment, and oral vitamin E supplementation resulted in complete resolution of all footpad lesions. Subsequent clinical episodes completely resolved with similar treatments. 相似文献
3.
4.
郭玉荣刘颖许鲁魏丹马建章 《野生动物》2014,(1):15-18
目前黑龙江东北虎林园有东北虎1000多只,每天会排出大量的粪便,之前仅将虎粪作为垃圾处理,耗费大量的人力、物力和财力,而且还存在处理不及时造成对水源、空气、土壤等污染的问题。本研究通过系统比较野生东北虎和人工圈养东北虎粪便的矿物质含量,分析不同饲喂条件下人工圈养东北虎虎粪的矿物质含量和营养组成,在充分认识虎粪的环境污染问题的基础上,探讨虎粪的有效利用问题,提出了虎粪可作为沼气池发酵原料和有机肥料等潜在的利用途径,为改善和美化东北虎林园的环境,同时为开发虎粪资源,变废为宝提供了新的思路。 相似文献
5.
6.
2013年3月上旬至6月底采集黑龙江省东北虎林园圈养东北虎的新鲜粪便,运用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定圈养雄性东北虎不同年龄组春季粪便中皮质醇的含量。结果表明:壮年雄性虎皮质醇总体水平变化相对平稳,青年雄性虎皮质醇总体水平变化有小幅度的差异(P0.05),3月与4月有显著性差异(P0.05),老年雄性虎皮质醇总体水平变化差异极显著(P0.01);对于环境的改变接受能力最好的是壮年虎,青年虎次之,而老年虎则需要分泌更多的皮质醇来使其适应环境。因此,若对物种进行野化放归,壮年虎可优先考虑。 相似文献
7.
从2011年12月到2012年4月,应用全事件取样法和目标动物取样法对南昌动物园2只处于育龄期的华南虎进行了丰容前后的行为观察,对丰容前后行为发生的时间分配、行为比例进行了研究比较。结果显示:丰容前主要出现踱步行为(刻板行为),休息行为和摄食行为(摄食行为的发生受人为控制)等行为,丰容后行为谱明显丰富,行为种类增多,玩耍行为,社会行为占据整个行为谱的时间比重加大,丰容前后行为存在显著的差异。研究结构表明可以通过丰容来改变华南虎的行为节律,从而减少其刻板行为,增加了社会行为,对提高动物繁殖的成功率可能起到一定作用。 相似文献
8.
J C Silva S Ogassawara M F Marvulo J S Ferreira-Neto J P Dubey 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2001,32(3):349-351
Serum samples from 37 captive exotic felids in 12 zoos from six Brazilian states were assayed for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii by the modified agglutination test using formalin-fixed whole tachyzoites. Titers greater than or equal to 1:20 were considered positive. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 24 of 37 (64.9%) felids, including one European lynx (Lynx lynx), two jungle cats (Felis chaus), two servals (Leptailurus serval), two tigers (Panthera tigris), three leopards (Panthera pardus), and 14 of 27 lions (Panthera leo). This is the first serologic analysis for T. gondii infection in exotic wild felids from Brazilian zoos. 相似文献
9.
动物园是迁地保护的重要场所,研究动物行为与游客行为可以为动物和游客管理提供有价值的信息。本文分析了济南动物园孟加拉虎、非洲狮的日行为活动节律,以及其行为与游客行为之间的关系。结果显示:孟加拉虎的日行为中走动时间所占比例最大,占45. 47%;其次是睡眠,占43%,卧息占10. 88%,其他行为仅占0. 65%;非洲狮卧息时间所占比例最大,占62. 76%;其次是睡眠,占27. 82%,走动行为占7. 24%;其他行为仅占2. 18%。二者行为与游客召唤、拍照行为以及游客停留时间存在一定的相关关系。游客停留时间与孟加拉虎的活跃状态存在显著相关性;当其睡眠时,游客的召唤行为增加,游客的停留时间也随之增长。游客拍照行为与非洲狮卧息行为有一定相关性。因此动物园应增加环境丰富度,促进动物自然、多样的行为表达;加强游客教育,为游客创造更好的观赏体验,以提高动物园的综合效益。 相似文献
10.
11.
Risi E Agoulon A Allaire F Le Dréan-Quénec'hdu S Martin V Mahl P 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2012,43(2):248-255
This article presents the results of a study of captive tigers (Panthera tigris) and lions (Panthera leo) vaccinated with a recombinant vaccine against feline leukemia virus; an inactivated adjuvanted vaccine against rabies virus; and a multivalent modified live vaccine against feline herpesvirus, calicivirus, and panleukopenia virus. The aim of the study was to assess the immune response and safety of the vaccines and to compare the effects of the administration of single (1 ml) and double (2 ml) doses. The animals were separated into two groups and received either single or double doses of vaccines, followed by blood collection for serologic response for 400 days. No serious adverse event was observed, with the exception of abortion in one lioness, potentially caused by the incorrect use of the feline panleukopenia virus modified live vaccine. There was no significant difference between single and double doses for all vaccines. The recombinant vaccine against feline leukemia virus did not induce any serologic response. The vaccines against rabies and feline herpesvirus induced a significant immune response in the tigers and lions. The vaccine against calicivirus did not induce a significant increase in antibody titers in either tigers or lions. The vaccine against feline panleukopenia virus induced a significant immune response in tigers but not in lions. This report demonstrates the value of antibody titer determination after vaccination of nondomestic felids. 相似文献
12.
A comparison of reproductive parameters of female Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) in the wild and captivity
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Integrative zoology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Jiayin GU Yurong GUO Philip STOTT Guangshun JIANG Jianzhang MA 《Integrative zoology》2016,11(1):33-39
A healthy population of captive Amur tigers might assist recovery of the wild population in Northeast China if individuals were properly prepared and considered suitable for release in the wild. We analyzed the breeding records of 68 female Amur tigers from 1995 to 2010 in the Hengdaohezi Felid Breeding Center of China and compared the reproductive parameters of this population to wild female Amur tigers. We found that the reproductive parameters of the captive population (the age of first parturition, length of gestation and litter survival rate) were not significantly different from those of wild Amur tigers. Differences in birth date and litter size between wild and captive populations may be caused by management protocols for the captive population or insufficient field data from the wild population. Reproductive parameters of females giving birth after losing a litter were similar to parameters of females that did not lose a litter, except for birth date. These results provide no indication of major problems in using captive females for a breeding program for release of cubs into the wild, but additional information is still needed to assess their suitability. 相似文献
13.
Antony J. LYNAM 《Integrative zoology》2010,5(4):324-334
A century ago, tigers (Panthera tigris Linnaeus, 1758) were so common in parts of Southeast Asia as to be considered pests, and governments sponsored their killing. Habitat loss and fragmentation, market-driven poaching and loss of prey have since led to the disappearance of Indochinese tigers from most their former range. Despite 15 years of dedicated tiger conservation funding, national estimates of Indochinese tiger subpopulations can at best only be roughly approximated. The future for the subspecies appears grim unless very focused efforts can be applied to stabilize and recover subpopulations. On a regional scale, the 2 proposed subspecies Panthera tigris corbetti and P. tigris jacksoni are effectively managed as separate conservation units. Evaluating where to place conservation efforts should consider the vulnerability (likelihood of extinction) and irreplaceability (likelihood that an area contributes uniquely to regional conservation) of tiger subpopulations. Only 1 site in Thailand supporting <200 individuals (Huai Kha Khaeng–Thung Yai) is considered low vulnerability, and is irreplaceable. Five sites in Lao, Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia are medium vulnerability and irreplaceable. Priorities at these 6 sites are to double tiger numbers within 10 years through protection and monitoring. Seven sites in Lao, Thailand and Myanmar are high vulnerability and irreplaceable, and might be recovered if government commitment to tigers, staff capacity and legal frameworks for tiger protection are established. Tigers are extremely vulnerable or even extinct in Cambodia's Eastern Plains and the site is irreplaceable for tigers because it represents the only large (>10 000 km2) block of dry forest habitat available in the region. A reintroduction program is the only option to recover tigers there. 相似文献
14.
Christian H Nevill Ted H Friend Michael J Toscano 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2004,35(2):167-174
The type of equipment used to transport circus tigers, environmental factors experienced during transport, and resultant body temperatures of tigers transported were surveyed during hot and cold weather conditions with six different circus tiger acts. Dataloggers recorded interior and exterior temperatures, relative humidity, and radiant heat at 5-min intervals during each trip. Microdataloggers fed to the tigers recorded body temperature and were recovered from eight Bengal (Panthera tigris tigris), Siberian (P. t. altaica), or Bengal-Sumatran (P. t. tigris-P. t. sumatrae) cross tigers from four different circuses. Three basic types of systems were used by circus acts to transport tigers: freestanding cages mounted on wheels that were winched or pushed into a semitrailer for transport, cages built into the trailer itself, and weather-resistant units transported on flatbed railcars or flatbed truck trailers. The highest temperature encountered inside a trailer was 37.3 degrees C in hot weather conditions, but overall, temperatures were usually between 21.1-26.7 degrees C. Temperature inside the trailers did not appear to be affected by movement and did not generally exceed ambient temperatures, indicating adequate insulation and passive ventilation. During cold weather trips, the lowest temperature inside the trailers was -1.1 degrees C, occurring during an overnight stop. Interior temperatures during cold weather transport stayed 2-6 degrees C warmer than ambient temperatures. The body temperatures of the tigers were unaffected by extreme temperatures. The only changes observed in body temperature were increases of 1-2 degrees C caused by activity and excitement associated with loading in several groups of tigers, regardless of whether it was hot or cold weather. Whenever measured, carbon monoxide and ammonia were below the detectable concentrations of 10 and 1 ppm. respectively. Overall, transport did not appear to have any adverse effects on the tigers' ability to thermoregulate. 相似文献
15.
Noninvasive genetics provides insights into the population size and genetic diversity of an Amur tiger population in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Integrative zoology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Understanding population size and genetic diversity is critical for effective conservation of endangered species. The Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) is the largest felid and a flagship species for wildlife conservation. Due to habitat loss and human activities, available habitat and population size are continuously shrinking. However, little is known about the true population size and genetic diversity of wild tiger populations in China. In this study, we collected 55 fecal samples and 1 hair sample to investigate the population size and genetic diversity of wild Amur tigers in Hunchun National Nature Reserve, Jilin Province, China. From the samples, we determined that 23 fecal samples and 1 hair sample were from 7 Amur tigers: 2 males, 4 females and 1 individual of unknown sex. Interestingly, 2 fecal samples that were presumed to be from tigers were from Amur leopards, highlighting the significant advantages of noninvasive genetics over traditional methods in studying rare and elusive animals. Analyses from this sample suggested that the genetic diversity of wild Amur tigers is much lower than that of Bengal tigers, consistent with previous findings. Furthermore, the genetic diversity of this Hunchun population in China was lower than that of the adjoining subpopulation in southwest Primorye Russia, likely due to sampling bias. Considering the small population size and relatively low genetic diversity, it is urgent to protect this endangered local subpopulation in China. 相似文献
16.
2017年3月19日昆明动物园1头雌性东北虎产下3只幼仔。本项研究通过监控视频,使用瞬时扫描法,记录了雌虎及幼虎在此日后30 d内的行为并进行了整理和分析;观察结果显示,雌虎在哺乳初期的行为以休息和哺乳为主,分别占到了行为总频率的55.13%和19.21%,而幼虎在哺乳初期的行为以休息和吮乳为主,分别占到了71.25%和12.98%。不同时期雌虎出现的休息、哺乳、亲幼虎行为差异显著(P<0.05),移动、进食和其他行为的差异极显著(P<0.01);幼虎表现出的休息、吮乳、拱拔、张望、玩耍和其他行为在6个时期都呈现极显著差异(P<0.01),亲雌虎行为差异显著(P<0.05),而移动行为在不同时期的差异不显著;幼虎在哺乳初期还有新的行为发育出现。 相似文献
17.
Ho-Seong Cho Yong-Hwan Kim Nam-Yong Park 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(3):312-314
A 2-year-old captive female Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris) died after prolonged anorexia in the Gwangju Uchi Park Zoo, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. Necropsy revealed multiple nodules of varying sizes in the lung, liver, kidney, and spleen. Histopathologic examination revealed a typical granuloma composed of caseous necrotic areas surrounded by lymphocytes with a few giant cells and foamy macrophages. Periodic acid-Schiff stain and Gomori methenamine silver stain did not reveal any fungal bodies. The Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast stain revealed few acid-fast organisms in the lung, liver, kidney, and spleen. A polymerase chain reaction assay of the lung, liver, kidney, and spleen yielded a positive result for Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. This is an unusual case of disseminated infection of a wild mammal with avian mycobacteriosis, and is believed to be most likely associated with the feeding of tigers with culled chickens infected with M. avium. 相似文献
18.
19.
20.
A 19-yr-old, 78.2-kg captive female Indochinese tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti) from the El Paso Zoo (El Paso, Texas, USA) with chronic renal disease was euthanized after a 10-day course of anorexia, depression, progressive rear limb weakness, muscle fasciculations, and head tremors. Postmortem findings included pericardial effusion, generalized lymphadenopathy, glomerulosclerosis, glomerular atrophy with membranous glomerulonephropathy, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pyogranulomatous pneumonia, pericarditis, and lymphadenitis were associated with fungal spherules histomorphologically consistent with Coccidioides immitis. Rising antibodies to C. immitis were detected on samples obtained perimortem and 2 mo before euthanasia. Retrospective serology was negative for two additional Indochinese tigers, two Iranian leopards (Panthera pardus saxicolor), two jaguars (Panthera onca), two bobcats (Lynx rufus texensis), two ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), and three Amur leopards (Panthera pardus orientalis) housed at the zoo over an 8-yr period. Despite being located within the endemic region for C. immitis, this is only the second case of coccidioidomycosis reported from this institution. 相似文献