菠萝皮可溶性膳食纤维提取工艺的研究

为了提高菠萝的综合利用水平,以菠萝皮为原料,采用纤维素酶水解法从菠萝皮中提取可溶性膳食纤维,以单因素试验为基础,对正交试验的工艺参数进行优化。结果表明：菠萝皮可溶性膳食纤维最佳的提取工艺条件为：纤维素酶浓度0.7％、料液比1 ∶ 30、酶解温度60 ℃、浸提4次、pH 5.6、酶解时间75 min;在此工艺条件下,可溶性膳食纤维的提取率可达23.89％;膳食纤维的持水力为11.86 g/g,溶胀性为15.5 mL/g,持油力6.94 g/g。此结果表明菠萝皮膳食纤维具有良好的理化性能。     

王草中水不溶性膳食纤维制备工艺研究

为提高王草综合利用水平,以王草为原料,采用化学水解法制备王草水不溶性膳食纤维,并探讨过氧化氢对其漂白效果的影响,测定其理化性质。结果表明,王草水不溶性膳食纤维最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度55℃,NaOH质量浓度40g/L,提取时间120 min。该条件下提取率最高达到46.52%;最佳漂白工艺为过氧化氢浓度40 mL/L,时间2 h,温度50℃,pH值为9;王草水不溶性膳食纤维的膨胀力4.26 mL/g,持水力5.64 g/g。     

可可膳食纤维的制备工艺及物理特性研究

以可可果皮为原料，采用酸水解法提取水溶性膳食纤维和水不溶性膳食纤维。结果表明，可可水溶性膳食纤维的最佳提取工艺为：料液比为1∶30，水浴温度90℃，pH 2.0，提取时间30 min，得率为25.19%。可可膳食纤维总得率达57.99%，不溶性膳食纤维的持水力为5.23 g/g，溶胀性为11.42 mL/g。     

椰子可溶性膳食纤维提取工艺的研究

对从椰蓉中提取椰子可溶性膳食纤维的工艺进行了研究。首先探讨料液比、温度、pH、Na2CO3浓度、时间等因素对提取率的影响,在此基础上探索最佳的提取工艺。结果表明:在Na2CO3浓度为4%、pH8.0、料液比为1∶15、提取温度为70℃、提取时间为120 min时,CSDF的提取率最高;方差分析表明,温度和料液比对提取率的影响达显著性水平。所提CSDF的纯度为65.18%。     

茶叶水溶性膳食纤维的制备及其理化特性的研究

对酶法提物茶叶水溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的工艺及其理化性能进行研究,探讨了料液比、pH值、酶添加量、温度及时间对SDF提取率的影响。在单因素试验基础上,通过L16(45)正交试验确定最佳提取工艺。结果表明:pH值对茶叶SDF提取的影响最大,其次依次为温度、酶添加量、时间、料液比;茶叶SDF提取的最佳工艺为:温度60℃、酶添加量0.08g/g、pH值9.0、时间2.0h、料液比1∶20,提取率达53.72%,所得SDF具有较好持水力、膨胀力和持油力,对胆固醇、胆酸钠也有一定吸附作用,为一种优质膳食纤维。     

剪切乳化辅助酶法提取咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维

本文以咖啡果皮为原料,优化剪切乳化辅助酶法提取可溶性膳食纤维的工艺条件。在单因素实验基础上,采用Plackett-Burman（PB）设计筛选出显著影响咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维提取得率的因素,包括剪切时间、酶解时间、酶解温度和酶解pH;采用中心组合试验设计及响应面法,得到最佳提取工艺条件为固液比1∶30（g/mL）、剪切速率7000 r/min、酶添加量0.2%、剪切时间24.0 min、酶解pH 4.90、酶解温度57.0 ℃、酶解时间1.96 h,在此条件下咖啡果皮可溶性膳食纤维提取率为13.96%,与理论预测值14.00%之间无显著性差异。本研究可为咖啡果皮的高值化利用和功能产品研发提供理论支撑。     

百香果果皮主要有效成分连续提取工艺

百香果是西番莲科西番莲属的芳香热带水果,其果皮约占鲜果的55%,富含膳食纤维、维生素、花色苷及果胶等多种有效成分,加强对百香果皮的产业化利用具有重要的环境价值和商业潜力。为充分利用百香果皮资源,提高百香果皮有效成分的利用率,先后采用微波辅助、超声波辅助和微生物发酵技术,从百香果皮中提取果胶、花色苷和膳食纤维等有效成分,通过单因素试验和响应面分析对提取过程的各阶段关键环节进行优化。结果表明：百香果果皮中果胶最佳提取条件为液料比65∶1(mL/g)、pH 2.5、微波功率450 W、微波时间5.0 min;从提取果胶后的滤渣中提取花色苷的最佳提取条件为乙醇浓度50%,液料比60∶1(mL/g),pH 3.5,超声功率550 W,超声时间35 min;从提取果胶和花色苷后的百香果皮渣中提取膳食纤维最佳提取条件为液料比12.5∶1(mL/g),接种量5.0%,发酵温度35℃,发酵时间20 h,在此工艺条件下,百香果皮中果胶、花色苷和膳食纤维的得率分别为12.45%±0.06%、1.21%±0.03%和55.56%±0.05%。联产工艺中,花色苷、膳食纤维的得率虽然与单产相比分别减少了15.39...     

杂交新品种‘云茶红1号’在保山和澜沧地区的生态适应性研究

研究旨在应用酶法提取咖啡果皮中膳食纤维，为高品质膳食纤维提取及产业化开发应用提供参考。单因素及响应面优化纤维素酶法提取咖啡果皮中可溶性膳食纤维的工艺条件，并对其功能特性进行分析。结果表明：纤维素酶法提取的最优提取工艺为：超纯水(V)∶咖啡果皮粉(m)＝100 mL∶6 g，纤维素酶活添加量为22 FPU/mL，酶解温度40℃，酶解时间2 h，在此工艺条件制备可溶性膳食纤维得率为9.72%；其持水力为(35.72±0.33)g/g，溶胀力为(94.85±0.23)mL/g，结合水力为(26.97±0.54)     

菠萝渣可溶性膳食纤维的提取工艺优化和功能特性分析

通过单因素及正交试验优化纤维素酶法提取菠萝渣中可溶性膳食纤维的工艺条件,并对产品的功能特性进行分析。结果表明:纤维素酶法提取的较佳提取工艺为:蒸馏水(V)∶菠萝渣粉(m)=20(mL)∶1(g),纤维素酶添加量为30 U/g,pH4.8,温度40℃酶解2.0 h,在此工艺条件制备可溶性膳食纤维得率为(7.12±0.02)%,其持水力与溶胀力分别为(35.81±0.04)g/g和(73.50±0.12)mL/g。     

麒麟藻渣制备膳食纤维工艺研究

以提取卡拉胶后的麒麟藻废渣为原料,利用木瓜蛋白酶和α-淀粉酶对粗纤维进行酶解,制备膳食纤维。正交试验优化提取工艺,得出最佳工艺条件为：料液比为1∶30,时间1.5 h,温度为65℃,蛋白酶用量为0.35%、α-淀粉酶用量为1.5%,膳食纤维得率为35.58%。按照最佳工艺条件提取的麒麟藻渣膳食纤维,膨胀力10.93 mL/g,持水力721.72%。     

Dietary fiber content of commonly fresh and cooked vegetables consumed in India

Legumes, leafy vegetables,roots and tubers, gourds and other vegetables were analyzed for total (TDF), soluble (SDF) and insoluble (IDF) dietaryfiber contents, both before and after cooking eitherby a conventional open-pan method or by pressurecooker. Data revealed a significant increase inSDF fraction with a concomitant decrease in the IDFfraction upon cooking by both the methods employed. Although the decrease in IDF matched the increase inSDF values in some cases, it was found to be more invegetables categorized as `other'. The dietary fiber values have also been reported on a fresh weight basis which may serve as a guideline for calculating dietary intake of eachcomponent by the consumer.     

Effect of proccesing on dietary fiber content of cereals and pulses

Total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content of rice, wheat, sorghum, maize, ragi, bajra, whole grains of pigeonpea, chickpea, green gram and lentil as well as their dehusked split dhals were analyzed. Cereals except rice flours were made into chapati (unleavened bread), while rice and dhals were cooked in a pressure cooker. After the processing, IDF and SDF contents of these foods were also analyzed. Among the cereals, rice had the lowest TDF (4.1%) and wheat had the highest (12.5%). TDF content of whole pulses ranged from 15.8% in lentil to 28.3% in chickpea. IDF as % of TDF constituted 85 to 89% in whole pulses. Dehusking of pulses into dhals decreased the TDF and IDF contents significantly. Among the dhals, green gram dhal had the lowest (8.2%, 6.5%) and chickpea dhal (15.3%, 12.7%) had the highest TDF and IDF contents, respectively. Processing of cereals had no effect on their TDF and IDF contents, rith the exception of ragi, where a significant increase in TDF and IDF was observed. Cooking of dhals brought about a significant increase in their TDF and IDF contents.     

可食用野生蔬菜中纤维类物质的检测方法

依据GB/T 5009.88-2003食品中不溶性膳食纤维的测定(Determination of insoluble dietary fiber in foods)和GB/T 5009.10-2003植物类食品中粗纤维的测定(Determination of crude fiber in vegetable foods),并简化其操作步骤,对海南8种可食用野生蔬菜中的粗纤维和不溶性膳食纤维进行测定.结果表明,不同用量石油醚和α-淀粉酶对蔬菜中脂肪和淀粉进行前处理的作用不大.对测定结果几乎无影响;8种野生蔬菜中不溶性膳食纤维含量为1.5%～4.9%.粗纤维含量为0.7%～1.8%.     

西番莲膳食纤维素粉的研制

研究了西番莲果皮制备膳食纤维的生产工艺,并对影响脱色的主要因素进行了探讨,结果表明,影响脱色的因素依次为脱色温度（Ｔ）、 ｐＨ值、脱色时间（Ｈ）、 Ｈ２Ｏ２用量（Ｗ）、螯合剂用量（ＧＣ３）。并利用正交实验方法得到当 Ｔ为 ６０℃、 ｐＨ为８、 Ｈ为 ２．５ ｈ、 Ｗ为 ６％、ＧＣ３为 １％时的产品感官质量最佳。     

豆渣水溶性膳食纤维特性研究

通过红外光谱仪、粘度计等对豆渣水溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的特性进行了研究。结果表明:豆渣水溶性膳食纤维为多糖类物质,其持水力为8.25 g·g-1,溶胀力为9.38 m L·g-1,结合水力7.11 g·g-1,阳离子交换能力为0.73 mmo L·g-1。豆渣水溶性膳食纤维溶液粘度随剪切速率的增加而降低,呈现假塑性流体。豆渣水溶性膳食纤维有吸附胆酸钠的作用,其添加量越多,溶液中胆酸钠被吸附的量也越多,吸附平衡所花的时间越长。     

王草水溶性膳食纤维制备工艺研究

以营养期王草为试验材料,采用化学法从王草中制备水溶性膳食纤维(Soluble Dietary Fiber, SDF)。经单因素试验和正交试验,确定王草水溶性膳食纤维最佳制备工艺为：液料比10∶1 ,pH 4,时间60 min,水浴温度60℃,提取率为2.86%。     

Relationship between dietary fiber levels and protein digestibility in selected foods as determined in rats

Samples of 15 food products and feces obtained by feeding them to rats were analysed for dietary fiber fractions. The food products were added as the sole source of protein in 8% protein diets, making up 8.8–51.6% of the diets. Diets were supplemented with 0.54–5.00% purified cellulose to make them more comparable in total fiber. Fiber analyses of food products revealed that the protein sources provided 0.06–7.27% total dietary fiber. The true protein digestibility in rats was negatively correlated with the total food fiber level (r=–0.69,P<0.01) or with the food cellulose level (r=–0.82,P<0.01) but it was positively correlated (r=+0.81,P<0.01) with the purified cellulose level. No relationship was found between protein digestibility and fiber fermentability. Results indicate that several food fiber fractions and possibly associated substances influenced protein digestibility. Purified cellulose did not have the same physiological behavior as food cellulose from the viewpoint of protein digestibility and fiber fermentability.