共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 28 毫秒
1.
BACKGROUND: Extensive adoption of transgenic Bt corn in recent years for stalk borer control has increased risk of resistance evolution in the target pest populations. A Bt‐resistant strain of the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, was approximately 100‐fold more tolerant to Cry1Ab toxin than the susceptible counterpart. To gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Bt resistance, the Cry1Ab‐susceptible (Cry1Ab‐SS) and Cry1Ab‐resistant (Cry1Ab‐RR) strains of D. saccharalis were subjected to a microarray analysis. RESULTS: Results showed that the expression levels of many genes were significantly different between the Cry1Ab‐RR and Cry1Ab‐SS strains. Microarray analysis of 7145 cDNAs revealed 384 differentially expressed genes. A total of 273 genes were significantly upregulated 2–51.6‐fold, and 111 genes were significantly downregulated 2–22.6‐fold in the Cry1Ab‐RR strain. The upregulation of three potential resistance‐related genes, coding for a glutathione S‐transferase (GST), a chymotrypsin‐like protease (CHY) and a lipase (LP), was confirmed using real‐time PCR, indicating a reproducibility of the microarray data. Ontology analysis revealed that more than twice the number of metabolic‐related genes were upregulated compared with downregulated genes with the same biological function. Up to 35.2% of the upregulated genes in the resistant strain were associated with catalytic activity, while only 9.5% of the downregulated genes were related to the same catalytic molecular function. CONCLUSION: The large portion of metabolic‐ or catalytic‐related genes with significant upregulations indicated a potential large increase in metabolic or catalytic activities in the Cry1Ab‐RR strain. This cDNA microarray gene expression data could be used to characterize and identify new genes that may be associated with Bt resistance in D. saccharalis. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
2.
Huang F Ghimire MN Leonard BR Wang J Daves C Levy R Cook D Head GP Yang Y Temple J Ferguson R 《Pest management science》2011,67(10):1269-1276
BACKGROUND: In the mid‐southern region of the United States, sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), is a major target pest of transgenic maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins. Novel transgenic maize technologies containing two or more pyramided Bt genes for controlling lepidopteran pests have recently become commercially available. Insect resistance management (IRM) is an important issue in the sustainable use of Bt crop technologies. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of resistance alleles in field populations of D. saccharalis to the new pyramided Bt maize technologies. RESULTS: A total of 382 F2 family lines derived from 735 feral larvae/pupae of D. saccharalis collected from six locations in Louisiana and Mississippi during 2008 and 2009 were screened for resistance to three new Bt maize technologies: MON 89034, Genuity? VT Triple Pro? and SmartStax?. None of the 382 F2 isoline families survived on the Bt maize leaf tissue for ≥ 12 days in the F2 screen. The joint frequency for two‐ or three‐gene resistance models with 95% probability in these populations was estimated to be < 0.0063 to MON 89034 and < 0.003 to VT Triple Pro? and SmartStax?. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the resistance allele frequency in D. saccharalis to the three pyramided Bt maize technologies is low in the mid‐southern region of the United States, which should meet the rare resistance assumption of the currently used IRM strategy for Bt maize. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
3.
Hannah J Penn;Quentin D Read; 《Pest management science》2024,80(3):1126-1136
Herbivory risk is mediated by plant traits related to nutrition and defense that can vary within a species by genotype and age. Prior herbivore damage accrued by a plant can also interact with these traits to alter future herbivory potential by changing plant quantity or quality. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a perennial crop where aboveground biomass is harvested annually and with varieties differing in nutrition and defenses, making it conducive to evaluating varietal resistance mechanisms. Using data from 16 sugarcane varieties and 28 years, we assessed damage from the primary pest in Louisiana, the sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis, SCB), relative to variety, crop year (ratoon), plant traits, and incidence of prior herbivory. 相似文献
4.
Selection and characterization of resistance to the Vip3Aa20 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis in Spodoptera frugiperda 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Oderlei Bernardi Daniel Bernardi Renato J Horikoshi Daniela M Okuma Leonardo L Miraldo Julio Fatoretto Fernanda CL Medeiros Tony Burd Celso Omoto 《Pest management science》2016,72(9):1794-1802
5.
6.
7.
Debonsi HM Miranda JE Murata AT de Bortoli SA Kato MJ Bolzani VS Furlan M 《Pest management science》2009,65(1):47-51
BACKGROUND: A dichloromethane‐methanol extract of the seeds of Piper tuberculatum Jacq. (Piperaceae) and two isobutyl amides, 4,5‐dihydropiperlonguminine (1) and pellitorine (2), which were isolated by chromatographic methods, were assayed for their lethality against the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis F. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). RESULTS: Bioassays were carried out with fourth‐instar caterpillars through topical application of test solutions to the dorsal surface of the prothorax, and dose–response correlations were determined. Significant insect mortalities were observed 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment at concentrations of ≥ 100 µg insect?1. The LD50 and LD90 values for compound 1 were 92.83 and 176.50 µg insect?1, and for compound 2 they were 91.19 and 184.56 µg insect?1. CONCLUSION: According to the LD50 and LD90 for compounds 1 and 2, it can be inferred that the values reflect an acute lethal response to both compounds, based on interaction(s) of the toxicants with a primary target or series of targets. Thus, the amides were demonstrated to have potential value in the control of the sugarcane borer. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
8.
9.
为转Bt作物抗性治理策略的有效实施提供依据,采用遗传杂交和毒力生测方法评价黏虫Mythimna separata Cry1Ab蛋白抗性品系对Cry1Ab蛋白的抗性显性度,明确调控抗性基因的位置和数目以及对Cry1F和Vip3Aa19蛋白的敏感性。结果显示,Cry1Ab蛋白对黏虫正交F1代和反交F1代的LC50分别为15.30μg/g和12.91μg/g,抗性为常染色体调控;在浓度2.5～50.0μg/g范围内黏虫对Cry1Ab蛋白的抗性显性水平随着浓度的变化而变化,即在2.5μg/g时黏虫对Cry1Ab蛋白的抗性为不完全显性遗传,在50.0μg/g时黏虫对Cry1Ab蛋白的抗性为不完全隐性遗传。黏虫对Cry1Ab蛋白的抗性受多基因调控。另外,黏虫Cry1Ab抗性品系对Cry1F和Vip3Aa19蛋白未产生交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为0.9和1.1。 相似文献
10.
转Bt基因玉米对棉铃虫的抗性评价 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigem（Htlbner）是常年危害玉米的重要害虫。转Bt基因抗虫玉米为害虫的防治提供了新的途径。采用室内离体生物测定方法测定了孟山都转Bt基因抗虫玉米Yield—Gard不同组织对棉铃虫初孵幼虫的杀虫活性以及田间人工接虫抗性鉴定。Bt玉米花丝、苞叶和幼嫩雌穗对棉铃虫具有较高的杀虫活性,取食Bt玉米花丝和幼嫩雌穗（籽粒和穗轴）的棉铃虫初孵幼虫不能存活和完成幼虫期发育,而对照分别有51．0％和22．0％个体完成幼虫期发育。以Bt玉米雌穗苞叶饲养棉铃虫初孵幼虫,5天后幼虫全部死亡,而非Bt玉米对照仅为16．0％,差异显著。田间花丝期人工接种棉铃虫抗性鉴定试验结果表明,Bt玉米雌穗被害率为3．5％,危害级别为0．007,百株存活幼虫14．3头。而非Bt玉米雌穗被害率达到82．5％,危害级别为2．51,平均百株存活幼虫79．6头,显著高于Bt玉米。这些结果说明转Bt基因玉米穗期对棉铃虫的防治效果明理． 相似文献
11.
粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)是我国玉米上的重要害虫。转Bt基因玉米为防治粘虫提供了新的途径。从室内生测和田间抗性鉴定分别研究了转cry1Ab基因抗虫玉米YieldGard对粘虫的杀虫效果。用4~7叶期转cry1Ab基因玉米心叶室内饲养1~3龄粘虫幼虫3、7和10天的死亡率分别为39.0%~92.0%、96.0%~98.0%和97.0%~100%,第14天全部死亡,而对照的死亡率分别为3.0%~8.0%、6.0%~20.0%和11.0%~28.0%,差异极显著。取食转cry1Ab基因玉米的幼虫不能正常生长发育,存活10天的幼虫其体重仅为取食对照玉米的9.0%。田间玉米4~5叶期,分别接1~6龄粘虫幼虫于转cry1Ab基因和非转基因玉米心叶。转cry1Ab基因玉米上各龄期幼虫平均存活率仅为0.0~6.7%,极显著低于非转基因玉米的8.3%~80.0%。转cry1Ab基因玉米的危害级别0.1~0.7,显著小于非转基因玉米的2.1~7.3。结果说明转cry1Ab基因玉米YieldGard对粘虫各龄幼虫有很高的杀虫作用和田间控制效果,同时能有效保护玉米免受危害。 相似文献
12.
Rosas-García NM 《Pest management science》2006,62(9):855-861
Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) with insecticidal activity against the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were developed and tested under laboratory and field conditions. The formulations were prepared using biodegradable polymers such as modified corn starch as an encapsulating agent, gelatin as an adherent, powdered sugarcane as a feeding stimulant and a Bt var. kurstaki GM-34 strain from a non-sugarcane region as the active ingredient. The spore-crystal complex of this strain was mixed at three different concentrations (30, 70 and 100 g kg(-1)) with the other ingredients. The blends were prepared as spray-dried and granular formulations, and then submitted to laboratory tests with two day old larvae of D. saccharalis and field tests in sugarcane crops with natural sugarcane borer infestation. Spray-dried formulations in laboratory bioassays caused mortality near 100% with all three concentrations, and granular formulations caused mortality around 84%. The field tests showed that spray-dried formulations at 70 and 100 g kg(-1) concentrations were as effective as a commercial bioinsectide (Lepinox), while granular formulations were ineffective. 相似文献
13.
P. C. Mercer 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(2):190-192
Abstract Organochlorine, organophosphate (o.p.) and carbamate insecticides have been extensively used in Australia to combat Lucilia cuprina Wied. the main initiator of fly-strike of sheep occurring wherever sheep are run on the continent. The improved mules operation, mid-season crutching and insecticides are important in the management of Merino sheep. Insecticides are particularly valuable against body strike, especially in young sheep, in years with intermittent rain during the warmer months. Resistance to larvicides developed in the blowfly over a period of 10y from 1957. The time between the introduction of various insecticides and development of resistance is considered and a comparison made between the emergence of resistance problems to the newer synthetic insecticides in the housefly in Denmark, and in the blowfly in Australia. To provide a complete history of insecticides against the blowfly reference is made to arsenicals, to which there was no suspicion of resistance until low order cross resistance was diagnosed in o.p.-carbamate resistant strains. Some seven years after their introduction DDT and γ BHC were replaced by cyclodiene insecticides in 1954/1955. Reasons are advanced to explain the non-emergence of resistance to DDT and BHC in that period. Resistance to dieldrin and aldrin developed in late 1957 after which diazinon was introduced. The resistance has a typical BHC/dieldrin resistance spectrum and is due to a semi-dominant gene which has persisted in the field in the absence of pressure from cyclodiene insecticides. Non-specific resistance to o.p. insecticides developed in two steps. Low order resistance, diagnosed in 1965, was supplemented by an additional resistance mechanism in 1966, three alleles on two chromosomes are involved. The carbamate, butacarb, was effective against o.p. resistant strains of the blowfly when introduced in the 1966/67 season. In 1967, resistance to butacarb was diagnosed and rapidly became widespread. For the past three fly seasons larvae have been used to monitor resistance levels to o.p. and carbamate insecticides; resistance factors to both these classes of insecticide are significantly higher in larvae than adult females. Resistance levels to o.p. insecticides have stabilised. By contrast resistance levels to butacarb have doubled. A combined o p.-carbamate resistance generally applies in field samples. Larvae from o.p.-carbamate resistant strains form artificial strikes earlier than susceptible larvae, particularly on sheep treated with butacarb. It is concluded that registered o.p. insecticides, but not butacarb, will still give considerable protection against fly-strike, providing the maximum levels of o.p. resistance, reached in laboratory selection programmes, are not exceeded in the field. Investigation into o.p. resistance in the species suggests that the resistance mechanisms place their carriers at a disadvantage in the absence of selection pressure. Measures to minimise the amount of insecticide used against the blowfly are therefore strongly advocated—these include: the improved mules operation, mid season crutching and good animal husbandry. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
为解决玉米生产中面临的重大虫害、草害及粮食安全等问题,我国正在有序推进Bt玉米的商业化种植。然而,靶标害虫对Bt作物的抗性演化是影响其可持续应用的最大威胁。“高剂量/庇护所”策略已在全球被广泛应用以延缓害虫抗性演化。本文简要介绍了“高剂量/庇护所”策略的理论基础及庇护所实施的主要形式,概述了全球五大Bt玉米种植国美国、巴西、阿根廷、南非和加拿大“高剂量/庇护所”策略应用的法规制定、庇护所实施的具体要求和种植者的履行情况,总结了“高剂量/庇护所”策略在主要Bt玉米种植国实施的成功经验,分析了害虫抗性治理失败的教训。该研究可为我国转Bt基因抗虫玉米的产业化应用和害虫抗性管理提供重要技术支撑和理论指导。 相似文献
17.
Gema P Farinós Pedro Hernández‐Crespo Félix Ortego Pedro Castañera 《Pest management science》2018,74(3):557-568
18.
分别用对CyrlAc抗性达11．6倍的Bt棉叶和Bt粉剂（Btk)汰选棉铃虫（Heliocoverpa armigera)种群（对Btk的抗性指数为5．2倍）,测定了其对不同Bt制剂,Bt毒素,化学农药的交互抗性,结果表明：停止汰选后,Bt棉叶汰选种群对CrylAc的抗性指数为5．9倍,对CrylAc 1C的交互抗性为3．7倍,对Btk的敏感性降低,对Bta,Cry2A无交互抗性,Btk汰选种群对Btk的抗性指数为4．1倍,对Bta,CrylAc,CrylAc 1C的交互抗性为2．3,3．1,2．3倍,对Cry2A无交互抗性,两汰选种群对化学农药灭多威,辛硫磷,氯氰菊酯的敏感性均有所增加。 相似文献
19.