蒲公英复方预防肉兔乳房炎的试验研究

兔乳房炎是繁殖母兔的常见病,它影响到母兔的生产性能的发挥和仔兔的断奶成活率高低.选用蒲公英复方在母兔产仔前2天至产仔后4天内连续投喂进行预防,能有效减少乳房炎的发病率,提高仔兔断奶成活率,降低繁殖母兔淘汰率.     

葡萄糖氧化酶对泌乳母兔生产性能及体况恢复的影响

为研究葡萄糖氧化酶(glucose oxidase,GOD)对泌乳母兔生产性能及其产后体况恢复的影响,试验选择同期分娩泌乳母兔60只,随机分成5组,每组12只,调整所哺喂的仔兔数,每窝7只,每组仔兔总数相等(84只)。I组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,II、III、IV、V组为试验组,分别饲喂基础日粮加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%的GOD。预饲5 d,试验期30 d,结果表明:各试验组母兔泌乳力均高于对照组,其中0.4%添加组与对照组差异接近显著水平(P=0.078);试验组窝平均断乳仔兔只数、仔兔断乳成活率、母兔和同窝仔兔的平均日采食量均高于对照组(P0.05);试验组仔兔初生、21日龄、28日龄时窝重、断乳窝重均高于对照组(P0.05);0.4%添加组的母兔泌乳期失重显著低于对照组(P0.05),综上所述,日粮中添加葡萄糖氧化酶能够提高母兔泌乳性能,利于母兔体况恢复和断乳前仔兔发育,尤以0.4%添加组母兔泌乳力、仔兔增重、断乳成活率最高,母兔泌乳性能最优。     

微生态制剂在断奶仔肉兔饲料中应用效果研究

选择30只40日龄、体重相近的断奶肉仔兔,随机分为2组,试验组20只,对照组10只。试验期为60d。试验组基础日粮中添加一定剂量微生态制剂,对照组按常规方法饲养。测定日增重、增重率、日耗料、肉料比及提高机体免疫状况等指标。结果表明,试验组的日增重指数高于对照组(P<0.05),试验组的增重率比对照组升高2.86%(P>0.05)。使用微生态制剂饲喂断奶仔兔,经过对试验兔心脏采血,分离血清及淋巴细胞,检查其细胞免疫与体液免疫状况,经玫瑰花环试验发现,兔血液中T淋巴细胞的玫瑰花环形成率在80%以上,远高于对照组的玫瑰花环形成率67.9%。脂酶染色试验表明,试验组断奶仔兔血液循环中T淋巴细胞酸性a-醋酸萘脂酶染色阳性率升高,试验组比对照组高出31.5%以上。通过试管凝集反应表明试验兔体内抗沙门氏杆菌抗体显著升高,试验组比对照组高800倍。结果表明,在断奶肉仔兔的日粮中添加微生态制剂能够显著地提高机体免疫力、生产性能,刺激肠道免疫功能,抑制有害菌的繁殖。     

中草药添加剂在养兔中的应用

1中草药添加剂在养兔中的作用1.1在肉用兔上的应用用党参根的提取物添加饲喂肉兔,结果可使体重增加23%。在母兔日粮中添加20～50克松针粉,产仔率提高10.9%,仔兔成活率提高7%。在幼兔日粮中添加贯众散0.5%～1%,结果试验组比对照组增重效果明显,饲料转化率高于对照组,屠宰率提高10.9%,发病率和死亡率分别下降。种兔日粮中添加2.5%松针粉,可提高公兔的性欲和配种能力;促进母兔正常发情和排卵,提高受胎率6%,产仔率9.27%(每兔年增产活仔兔8只),窝重提高28%,平均初生重提高7.2%。在饲料中添加3%“肥宝”(主要成分为黄芪、甘草、硫酸铜等),可使幼兔…     

提高仔兔的成活率应把握的关键措施

仔兔是指从出生到断奶期间的小兔,在这段时间内,小兔没有独立生活能力,要想提高仔兔成活率,必须采取以下措施。1养好怀孕母兔仔兔成活率高低与胎儿时期生长发育有直接关系,胎儿营养供给充足、生长发育健壮则仔兔产仔成活率高。母兔在怀孕中后期,胎儿生长发育特别快,大约90%以上     

浅析提高仔兔成活率的主要技术措施

仔兔成活率直接关系到养兔业的经济效益,据调查,每成活1只仔兔,可以直接增加经济效益4元,约等于每胎母兔的饲料成本,因此提高仔兔成活率对广大饲养者有着重要意义。笔者根据自己的生产实践体会,总结了一些提高仔兔成活率的主要技术措施,供养兔农户参考。1分娩前的准备1.1作好产仔箱的消毒准备工作可减少环境中的病原微生物对仔兔的侵害。根据配种记录,一般在产前2～3天把产仔箱放入母兔笼。此前,饲养员要把产仔箱消毒好,并放入干净卫生柔软的垫草,以利于母兔拉毛作窝,和避免兔窝寒冷。产仔箱消毒一般用刺激性小的药,用1/500的百毒杀喷洒凉干…     

维生素对种兔繁殖力作用影响的研究与分析

为了研究维生素对种兔繁殖力作用的影响。试验采用新设计的配方饲料同兔场原来采用的常规配方饲料在相同的条件下进行饲喂试验,分析维生素对种兔发情时间、受胎率、产仔胎数、产仔数、断奶仔兔成活率的影响。选用健康繁殖年龄基本相同的种兔100只,分A、B2组,每组50只,公母比例1∶4,A组饲喂常规饲料,B组饲喂试验饲料。试验结果表明,维生素对种兔的繁殖力作用是显著提高的(P<0.01),在试验的4个月时间里,B组母兔发情只数是A组母兔发情只数的2.46倍;B组母兔平均受胎率是A组母兔平均受胎率的1.72倍;B组母兔产仔数是A组母兔产仔数的11.58倍;B组仔兔成活率是A组仔兔成活率的2倍,达到了理想的配种繁殖效果。     

中草药添加剂在养兔中的应用

1、中草药添加剂在养兔中的作用。1．1、在肉用兔上的应用用党参根的提取物添加饲喂肉兔，结果可使体重增加23％。在母兔日粮中添加20-50克松针粉，产仔率提高10．9％，仔兔成活率提高7％。在幼兔日粮中添加贯众散0．5％～1％，结果试验组比对照组增重效果明显，饲料转化率高于对照组，屠宰率提高10．9％，发病率和死亡率分别下降。     

新户天地

新户天地诱发母兔定时分娩可提高仔兔成活率李瑞忠（青岛市畜牧兽医站２６６０００）母兔经常在夜间产仔，如得不到人的照料，常因分娩时口渴或饥饿而造成母食仔兔，在冬季更易使仔兔冻伤和受鼠害，致使初生仔兔死亡率增高，有时甚至高达６０％以上。如能够控制母兔的分娩...     

维生素A缺乏引起母兔繁殖障碍

２００２年元月，山西省阳城县某养兔场发生了一起母兔产死胎、畸型胎为主要特征的疾病，经初步诊断，确定为维生素A缺乏症。现将具体情况报道如下：１发病情况该场存栏兔１０００只，其中繁殖母兔１００只、种公兔２０只。元月下旬开始，母兔生产的仔兔中出现死胎、畸型胎，仔兔成活率仅５０％左右，随着时间的推移，死胎、畸型胎的比例逐渐增大，到２月下旬，母兔所生产的仔兔几乎全部是死胎、畸型胎。这期间，共产仔５６０只，成活６８只，产仔成活率仅为１２．１％。２流行病学调查该兔场自去年入冬以来，兔饲料以自己加工配制的颗粒饲…     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.