子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛子宫内细菌分离鉴定

在调查奶牛不孕症的基础上,进行分离鉴定临床确诊的子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛子宫内细菌。普查了共853头奶牛,不孕症奶牛占普查牛11.8%,子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛占不孕症奶牛的66.3%,其它原因不孕症奶牛占不孕症奶牛的33.7%。被测奶牛子宫内容物均有细菌存在。从临床确诊的子宫内膜炎不孕症奶牛的子宫内容物中,分离到细菌菌株119株,其中葡萄球菌36株、链球菌40株、大肠杆菌36株、变形杆菌4株、芽孢杆菌1株、化脓棒状杆菌1株。     

奶牛产后子宫内膜炎早期诊断与治疗

子宫内膜炎是奶牛四大疾病之一,严重困扰养牛业的发展。Kelton等报道,产后急性子宫内膜炎的发病率从2.2%~37.5%不等。子宫内膜炎是导致奶牛不孕的主要原因之一,Barbu等在一项调查中发现,不孕牛中有70%为慢性子宫内膜炎造成。瞿自明等1983~1985年对16个城市41     

某奶牛场奶牛子宫内膜炎致病菌的分离鉴定

采集10头已确诊临床型奶牛子宫内膜炎患牛的子宫内容物,通过需氧和厌氧培养,根据细菌形态学及细菌生化特性进行分离鉴定。结果分离鉴定出3种27株细菌,分别为溶血性链球菌、非溶血性链球菌和大肠埃希菌。链球菌感染率为100%,溶血性链球菌感染率为70%,非溶血性链球菌感染率为30%。链球菌中,缺陷乏养球菌、毗邻乏养球菌和粪肠球菌所占比例较大。10份样品均分离到细菌,感染率为100%,其中绝大部分为多菌种混合感染。     

内蒙古局部地区奶牛不孕症的调查及子宫内膜炎性不孕症奶牛子宫内细菌分离鉴定

在调查奶牛不孕症的基础上，对临床确诊的子宫内膜炎性不孕症奶牛子宫内细菌进行分离鉴定。共普查了853头奶牛，不孕症奶牛占普查牛的11．8％，子宫内膜炎性不孕症奶牛占不孕症奶牛的66．3％，其他原因不孕症奶牛占不孕症奶牛的33．7％。被测奶牛子宫内容物均有细菌存在。从临床确诊的子宫内膜炎性不孕症奶牛的子宫内容物中，分离到细菌菌株119株，其中葡萄球菌36株，链球菌40株，大肠杆菌36株，变形杆菌4株，芽孢杆菌2株，化脓棒状杆菌1株。     

对两例奶牛化脓性子宫内膜炎病原分离鉴定及病因分析

2009年4～5月在乌市仓房沟四队接诊两例患子宫内膜炎的奶牛。经临床检查发现引起本病的主要原因是产后胎表不下和流产引起的感染。对感染病原进行分离鏊定，结果是不同的细菌引起的子宫内膜炎，以恢复子宫的正常生殖功能为治疗原则，结合子宫局部处理和全身治疗方法，进行了治疗。笔者重点探讨了奶牛子宫内膜炎的发病原因、临床表现、治疗及预防等方面的内容。     

奶牛产后急性粘液性子宫内膜炎病例诊治报告

奶牛产后子宫内膜炎是奶牛的常见病．但很多有关奶牛疾病的书藉包括教科书．重点是介绍慢性子宫内膜炎的临床症状和治疗方法．而对急性子宫内膜炎只作概略介绍．尤其是有关奶牛急性粘液性子宫内膜炎的报道较少。从2000年至今，笔者共诊治或见到本型病例28例．现将其特点、症状及诊治情况报告如下，供同行参考。     

奶牛子宫内膜炎厌氧菌的分离鉴定

子宫内膜炎是奶牛子宫内膜的炎症,是危害奶牛业发展的四大疾病之一.该病的发病率很高,国外许多资料报道,发病率在30%～40%,而90%的不孕症是由隐性子宫内膜炎引起的. 为了探讨产后正常奶牛和一些屡配不孕的、被临床诊断为隐性子宫内膜炎的奶牛体内都有哪些细菌,哪些是致病菌,设计了此试验.     

河北省部分奶牛场奶牛子宫内膜炎病原菌分离与鉴定

为研究奶牛子宫内膜炎的发病原因,本试验以河北省邢台市某农场3个大型牛场饲养的奶牛为调查对象,对20头患病奶牛子宫分泌物通过显微镜检查、细菌分离培养、生化鉴定等方法进行病原学研究。共检出6种病原菌,其中金黄色葡萄球菌8株(占34.78%)、表皮葡萄球菌6株(占26.09%)、链球菌和沙门氏菌各2株(各占8.70%)、大肠杆菌4株(占17.40%)、蜡状芽孢杆菌1株(占4.35%)。     

奶牛产后急性子宫内膜炎血液学研究

为了研究奶牛产后急性子宫内膜炎血液学变化并探讨其发病机制,试验对产后6～8 d正常及患急性化脓性子宫内膜炎奶牛对血液象和卵巢激素浓度及血钙、血磷、总蛋白、胡萝卜素、血糖等生化指标的进行了测定.结果表明:试验组与对照组比较,白细胞数量显著增加,血红蛋白含量显著降低,单核细胞数显著增多,分叶核中性粒细胞数显著减少,淋巴细胞数略有增加;孕酮浓度显著升高,而雌二醇浓度较低;血钙含量升高,血清无机磷、血糖和胡萝卜紊水平降低.     

奶牛子宫内膜炎病原菌的分离鉴定及中药的抑菌作用

为了研究中药新促孕液防治母畜子宫内膜炎的机理和改进组方,采集南京地区患牛子宫分泌物进行细菌分离及鉴定,并测定了新促孕液及其组分药、其他10味中药及3个复方对主要分离株的体外抑菌作用和最小抑菌浓度。结果,共分离出葡萄球菌10株、链球菌6株、大肠杆菌8株,溶血性和非溶血性大肠杆菌的血清型分别为O159和O110,O159可在68 h内引起小鼠全部死亡,表明葡萄球菌、链球菌和大肠杆菌是主要致病菌,O159具有致病性。新促孕液对6种分离菌株均有较强的抑制作用,淫羊藿、黄柏、硼砂发挥主要作用;其他单味药以丹参、复方以方2的抑菌作用最强,这些可以作为改进新促孕液组方的依据。     

奶牛子宫内膜炎病原菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

按照临床型奶牛子宫内膜炎的诊断标准,选取阿克苏地区某奶牛场子宫内膜炎病牛20头,采取子宫分泌物,对其病原菌进行菌落计数、细菌分离纯化,并使用全自动微生物鉴定仪(VITEK32)及药敏分析仪进行生化鉴定及药敏试验。结果分离鉴定到大肠埃希菌、柠檬酸杆菌、科氏葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、干燥棒状杆菌、亚利桑那沙门菌、鲁氏不动杆菌。药敏试验的结果表明:庆大霉素和妥布霉素对本次分离病原菌普遍有较好的抑制作用,可作为该场治疗奶牛子宫内膜炎的较理想的药物。     

奶牛化脓性子宫内膜炎子宫粘膜组织的抗原定位

在化脓性子宫内膜炎病理形态学研究过程中，对３０例活性检组织经石蜡切片进行革兰氏染色和电镜观察，发现子宫内膜浅层胚胎性组织的毛细血管，间质组织中有细菌同时也观察到巨噬细胞，嗜中性白细胞噬菌现象，此报道为国内外首次。     

奶牛子宫内膜炎非抗菌治疗试验

选用８６头患子宫内膜炎的奶牛分为３组进行非抗菌治疗试验，１，２，３组分别采用催产素，氯前列烯醇和碘溶液治疗。结果表明：１，２，３组的治愈率，好转率和无效率分别为８０，５％，１２．２％，７．３％，８６．４％，９．１％，４．１％，６９．６０％，２１．７％，８．７％。     

湖南省奶牛源金黄色葡萄球菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析

为了掌握湖南省内奶牛源金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况,指导临床合理用药,抽取牛乳样品,通过对细菌的分离培养和纯化,采用基质辅助激光电离飞行时间质谱仪和全自动生化鉴定仪进行鉴定,并对分离菌株进行18种抗菌药物耐药性检测,结合耐药表型和mecA基因检测判定MRSA菌株。结果显示,2020-2021年从湖南地区257份牛乳样品中分离出金黄色葡萄球菌39株,89.74%的临床分离菌株表现为不同程度耐药,其中对青霉素耐药最为严重,耐药率达82.05%;对红霉素、克林霉素、替米考星、庆大霉素、头孢西丁耐药率在20%～35%之间;对多西环素及万古霉素绝对敏感,耐药率为0。38.46%分离菌株表现为多重耐药,以7重耐药最多。鉴定出19株MRSA,其中包含15株OS-MRSA和4株OR-MRSA。本研究可为湖南省内奶牛企业制定合理用药措施提供依据。     

源于奶牛蹄部感染的牛源污蝇解壳杆菌的分离鉴定与药敏试验

为确定导致江苏某奶牛场蹄部感染的病原,采集发病奶牛蹄部感染病灶的病料进行细菌分离培养,使用MAL-DI Biotyper微生物快速鉴定系统进行细菌鉴定,并对分离菌株进行药物敏感性试验.结果显示,病灶中的分离株为污蝇解壳杆菌(Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica),血平板上呈β型溶血.药敏试验...     

Clinical endometritis with Trueperella pyogenes reduces reproductive performance and milk production in dairy cows

The aim of this study was to identify the impact of Trueperella pyogenes in cows with clinical endometritis (CE) on reproductive performance and milk production in affected cows. In total, 230 lactating Holstein dairy cows from six commercial dairy herds were sampled once between 28 and 33 days post-partum. Cows included in the present study did not receive antibiotic or anti-inflammatory treatments prior to the experimental period. Clinical endometritis (CE) was characterized as cow with vaginal mucus score = 3 (>50% of purulent vaginal discharge) and >18% polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte (PMNL). The body condition scores (BCS) and milk production were evaluated at the time of enrolment. The identification of isolated bacteria was carried out through the analysis of MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry). According to uterine health, three groups of dairy cows were formed: healthy control cows without T. pyogenes (n = 147), CE cows with T. pyogenes (n = 22) and CE cows without T. pyogenes (n = 61). CE cows with T. pyogenes had lower BCS, milk production and conception at first AI (p < .01) than CE cows without T. pyogenes and control cows. Furthermore, CE cows with T. pyogenes had higher (p < .01) service per pregnancy and had greater (p < .01) days to get pregnant than CE cows without T. pyogenes and control cows. This study demonstrates that CE cows with T. pyogenes had impaired reproductive performance and milk production when compared to cows without CE and CE cows without T. pyogenes. This information can contribute to a strategic treatment in cows affected by clinical endometritis, favouring the rational use of antibiotics on dairy farms.     

新疆地区奶牛子宫内膜炎病原菌的分离鉴定及其对抗菌药的敏感性试验

通过细菌形态学和细菌生化特性,分离和鉴定了新疆地区患子宫内膜炎的21头奶牛子宫分泌物中的病原菌分别为蜡样芽孢杆菌(24.5%)、非溶血性链球菌(18.4%)、大肠杆菌(14.3%)、溶血性链球菌(10.2%)、表皮葡萄球菌(10.2%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(10.2%)、胎儿弯曲菌(10.2%)和不动杆菌等.其中革兰氏阳性菌检出率较高(73.5%).子宫内膜炎病原菌以单一菌株感染为主(47.6%).采用Kirby-Barer法测定了鉴定菌株对13种抗微生物药的体外药物敏感性.链球菌、大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌对氨苄西林不敏感,而对卡那霉素和庆大霉素敏感性较高;大肠杆菌对青霉素和氨苄西林全部耐药(100%),对四环素和多西环素耐药率较高(均为83.3%);溶血性链球菌对青霉素和四环素全部耐药,对链霉素耐药率为80%;相对而言,表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药率较低;氟喹诺酮类对各种分离菌株比较敏感.     

Use of postpartum vaginoscopic (visual vaginal) examination of dairy cows for the diagnosis of endometritis and the association of endrometritis with reduced reproductive performance

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between the findings from vaginoscopic examination of postpartum dairy cows with peripartum reproductive disease and their subsequent reproductive performance, and to determine the factors that might be associated with a positive vaginoscopic examination (VV). METHODS: Cows (n=1325) from 17 seasonal calving dairy herds were enrolled if they had been calved at least 7 days and had at least one of the following conditions that placed them at risk of endometritis: retained fetal membranes (RFM), dystocia, a dead calf, hypocalcaemia, twin birth, calving induction or an observed vulval discharge (VD). Examination was undertaken 28-37 days before mating start date (MSD) within each herd. All cows were body condition scored (BCS) and were VV scored on a scale of 0 (clear) to 3 (purulent). The uterus and ovaries were assessed by rectal palpation. RESULTS: Cows with a positive VV score (1-3) were less likely to conceive to first service and had a lower pregnancy proportion than cows that had a negative VV score (score 0). Mean MSD to conception interval was longer in VV-positive cows. A positive VV score was associated with a low BCS, primiparity, intrapelvic uterus, poor uterine tone, large uterus, RFM, VD, dystocia, dead calf and twins. CONCLUSION: In the present study a positive VV score was associated with reduced reproductive performance and was more common in primiparous and low BCS cows. Of the at-risk cows, those with RFM, VD, dystocia, dead calf or twins were more likely to have a positive VV score.     

奶牛隐性乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

试验对河北省某奶牛场采集的70份奶样进行了病原菌的分离培养及生化鉴定,并对主要病原菌进行药敏试验,结果表明:共分离到10种91株细菌,其中葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌为主要病原菌,占91.21%(83/91);主要致病菌对头孢氨苄、新霉素、红霉素、盐酸克林霉素、林可霉素、氨苄青霉素等6种药物敏感。