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豆类中胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性测定与初步分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大豆中主要的抗营养因子是胰蛋白酶抑制剂,在其它食用豆中也有存在。供试大豆中胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性(TIA)最高(20.30~26.30TIU/g),菜豆次之(2.93~6.41TIU/g),蚕豆、豌豆为2.01~2.87及1.66~2.38TIU/g。大豆中抑制剂活性与粗蛋白及粗脂肪之间存在显著负相关。测定结果表明:国内选育的不含SBTI—A_2基因大豆材料,抑制剂总活性为17.40TIU/g,低于其栽培品种亲本21.20~21.60TIU/g。 相似文献
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胰蛋白酶抑制剂是广泛存在于大豆及大豆制品中的抗营养剂,主要有Kuntiz型和Bowman-Birk型两种,为了得到高品质的产品,需要在加工过程中将其灭活或去除。通过研究大豆糖蜜上清液中胰蛋白酶抑制剂的活性、鉴定抑制剂的种类,采用超滤法将其去除。经测定,固形物含量约10%的大豆糖蜜上清液中胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性约为5.05×105TIA·g-1蛋白,约为鲜豆奶的5倍。用截留分子量3 k Da的超滤膜将大豆糖蜜上清液中的大分子蛋白富集,通过还原-Tricine-SDS-PAGE分析,截留部分在图谱上显示为分子量约10 k Da的模糊的条带。通过用2%巯基乙醇还原再用NEM封闭游离巯基的方式处理样品,使得截留部分在电泳图上显示为分子量约7~8 k Da的两条清晰的条带。综合判断,大豆糖蜜上清液中主要含有Bowman-Birk型胰蛋白酶抑制剂。通过对比超滤效果,选择用截留分子量10k Da的超滤膜截留胰蛋白酶抑制剂,能够得到无抑制活性的透过液。 相似文献
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《中国油料作物学报》2017,(3)
大豆Kunitz型胰蛋白酶抑制剂(trypsin inhibitor,Kti)是大豆品质的主要营养抑制因子之一,培育低Kti含量的大豆品种是提升大豆品质的关键。本研究采用RT-PCR技术克隆得到大豆Kti基因的核心保守序列,并构建成种子特异性表达的、具有Kti基因反向重复结构的RNAi载体,利用农杆菌介导法侵染大豆品种吉林30子叶节,通过潮霉素筛选和PCR检测,获得4株转基因阳性植株。RT-PCR检测表明,构建的种子特异性RNAi载体可以在转基因植株的种子中特异表达,且Kti基因表达量均有降低;通过胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性检测发现,转基因大豆籽粒中胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性平均降低了77.5%。为进一步评价RNAi技术对大豆Kti基因的表达调控效果奠定良好基础。 相似文献
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我们过去的研究中,曾发现软质和硬质春小麦样品腥黑穗病抗性与种子中的胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性之间存在着相关性。我们的研究目的是探索把有关这些性状之间的相关性和遗传特 相似文献
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利用RT-PCR方法,从对蚜虫高抗的多年生野生大豆短绒野大豆(G.tomentella)(2n=78)未成熟子叶中扩增到了大豆Kunitz型胰蛋白酶抑制剂同源基因单一目的片段,该基因和蛋白分别被命名为KTiPW54和KTiPW54。序列分析表明:该片段为654 bp的完整编码序列,编码218个氨基酸残基,编码的蛋白与栽培大豆(G.max)、野生大豆(G.soja)、短绒野大豆(G.tomentella)的Kunitz型胰蛋白酶抑制剂基因编码蛋白高度保守的区域一致。将KTiPW54编码区克隆到表达载体pTWIN1,在宿主菌BL21(DE3)中经IPTG诱导获得高效表达。 相似文献
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中国大豆种子蛋白中胰蛋白酶抑制剂等位基因的频率及分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
我国1.9万份大豆(栽、野)种质资源的胰蛋白酶抑制剂(SBTI)等位基因电泳分析结果指出,98.2%的材料具有T型,1.3%的材料具有T型。在野生材料中发现有T类型。三种基因型出现的频率比例为100:1.3:0.2。未发现不含胰蛋白酶抑制剂的ti型材料.栽培种Ti类型单一,野生种Ti类型变异较大。 相似文献
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采用硫酸铵盐析、羟基磷灰石柱层析以及Sephadex凝胶过滤等方法,同时从大豆中分离纯化大豆凝集素、脲酶和胰蛋白酶抑制剂。三者的蛋白质回收率分别为0.39%、0.23%和0.13%。本方法与DEAE—Sephadex A_(50)柱层析及酸化—Sepharose 4 B、胰蛋白酶—Sepharose 4 B、卵类粘蛋白—Sepharose 4 B亲和层析分离纯化方法作了比较。本法简便易行,效果较好。 相似文献
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Ali I. Mohamed M. Rangappa 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1992,42(1):87-96
Fifty six genotypes of grain-type soybean and 17 genotypes of vegetable-type soybean collections were analyzed for protein and oil content, trypsin inhibitor, and lipoxygenase activities. The protein and oil content ranged from 36.9 to 47.9% and from 13.3 to 23.0% for different accessions in grain- and vegetable-type soybeans, respectively. Trypsin inhibitor and lipoxygenase activities ranged from 22.0 to 47.0 trypsin inhibitor units/mg meal and from 482 to 6265 lipoxygenase units/min/mg meal for grain- and vegetable-type soybeans, respectively. Significant correlations (r=–0.62 and –0.52,P<0.05) were found between protein and oil, and between protein and trypsin inhibitor. A significant positive correlation (r=0.42,P<0.05) was also calculated for oil and lipoxygenase activity. Several genotypes of soybean and vegetable soybean (plant introductions 423905, 417330, 417223, 171451, 200506, 200523, 417124, 227687, 203402, 445842, 203399, 423852, 416771, FC31927, Avoyelles, and Sooty) showed good nutritional potential and may be useful in a breeding program to improve the nutritional quality of soybean. Screening for essential amino acids, fatty acids, and trace minerals for selected genotypes is underway. 相似文献
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大豆新品种中黄31是中国农业科学院作物科学研究所利用缺失Kunitz胰蛋白酶抑制剂的高产、优质、 抗花叶病毒病( SMV)的高代材料ti15176作母本,美国引进优良品种Century近等基因系、脂肪氧化酶缺失的优质 材料Century - 2. 3作父本进行有性杂交,采用未变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(Native - PAGE)技术及等电聚焦聚丙烯 酰胺凝胶电泳( IEF - PAGE)技术,对杂种后代胰蛋白酶抑制剂( Ti) 、脂肪氧化酶(Lox)进行缺失检测及多年辅助选 择育成。该品种于2005年通过北京市品种审定委员会审定。其突出特点是高产、稳产、优质(蛋白质品质优异% 缺失Ti和Lox2) 、抗病、抗倒、综合性状优良。 相似文献
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Iwe MO 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1998,53(1):37-46
Full-fat soy and sweet potato were extruded at 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 ratios in an Insta-Pro 600 single screw extruder operated at 180, 200, 220 rpm respectively. Functional properties: bulk density, expansion ratio, water absorption and solubility indices and trypsin inhibitor were assayed. Results showed that addition of soybeans to sweet potatoes considerably increased the protein, fat, ash and trypsin inhibitor levels of the raw material mixtures. It also led to decreases in viscosities of raw mixtures, with corresponding increases in pasting temperatures. Addition of soybean significantly (p<0.05) affected expansion ratio, water absorption and solubility indices and trypsin inhibitor but not bulk density. Variation in screw rotation speed (rpm) significantly (p<0.05) affected only water solubility index at increasing speed. Extrudates generally received severe heat treatment, rendering them applicable only in soup bases, flour mixes and breakfast foods. 相似文献
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为了最大程度降低豆浆中抗营养因子含量的同时保证品质优良,以干豆制浆为对照,利用不同浸泡介质(水、柠檬酸溶液、NaHCO_3溶液)及不同浸泡条件,探究前处理工艺条件以及介质的改变对豆浆中抗营养因子及营养品质的影响。结果表明:浸泡处理能有效降低豆浆中胰蛋白酶抑制因子活性和植酸含量,但不同介质对不同抗营养因子的效果不同。经浸泡处理后的胰蛋白抑制因子的最低活性为30.88±1.35 TIU·mg-1,相对于未处理组降低了54%;植酸最低含量为3.46±0.15 mg·mL-1,相对于未处理组降低了77.4%;而经浸泡处理后的单宁含量却显著上升(P<0.05)。从降低胰蛋白酶抑制因子活性的效果来看,NaHCO_3>水>柠檬酸;从降低单宁含量的效果来看,柠檬酸>NaHCO_3>水;从降低植酸含量的效果来看,柠檬酸>水>NaHCO_3。除抗营养因子外,豆浆的品质指标也发生了显著变化,NaHCO_3浸泡组的总体品质最优,除了个别品质指标(蛋白质含量)与水浸泡组相比差异不显著(P>0.05),其它品质成分含量均显著高于水浸泡组,而柠檬酸浸泡组的品质为3组中最差。选取NaHCO_3溶液作为浸泡介质进行正交工艺优化,当浸泡温度为25℃,浸泡时间为16 h,浸泡豆水比为1∶4,NaHCO_3浓度为0.45%时,豆浆的抗营养因子的去除效果最好,品质最优。 相似文献
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B. D. Roebuck Paul V. Kaplita Denise L. Macmillan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1985,35(3):323-329
Raw soybean flour contains high levels of both soybean trypsin inhibitor and unsaturated fat. The chronic ingestion of this flour enhances pancreatic carcinogenesis in rats that have been treated with pancreatic carcinogens. In these studies we have examined the separate and combined effects of trypsin inhibitor in purified soybean isolate (SBI) and a high level of unsaturated fat fed during the postinitiation phase of pancreatic carcinogenesis. Male Wistar rats were injected with the known pancreatic carcinogen azaserine (30 mg/kg, ip) 14 days after birth and were weaned to the test diets. No further exposure to carcinogen occurred. Dietary composition (% by weight) of fat (corn oil) was either 5%, or for the high fat group 20%. Dietary protein (20% in all diets) was supplied as either casein, or heated or raw SBI. All diets were fedad libitum for the postinitiation phase. The number and size of transections of azaserine-induced putative, preneoplastic foci and the volume of pancreas occupied by these foci were determined by light microscopy. High fat diet increased the number and transectional size of the azaserine-induced foci as compared to the control (5% corn oil) group. The volume of pancreas occupied by foci doubled. Heated SBI had no effect upon the foci. Raw SBI, however, significantly increased the number and size of foci. The combination of raw SBI plus the high fat diet elicited an increase in focal growth that was greater than that produced by either component alone. These observations indicated that both trypsin inhibitor and the high unsaturated fat content of raw soy flour contribute to the enhancement or promotion of pancreatic carcinogenesis. 相似文献
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对4,410份中国大豆品种资源种子的胰蛋白酶抑制剂进行了电泳分析,栽培大豆100%材料是Ti~a型,野生大豆89.3%材料是Ti~a型,有6.6%材料是Ti~b型,还有49份材料为Ti~a和Ti~b双带混合型;Ti~a型分布广泛,Ti~b型多分布在106~108°E的我国东部省分,Ti类型具有遗传变异;野生大豆单粒间的Ti类型存在差异。 相似文献