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Surgical Correction of a Persistent Right Aortic Arch in a Foal 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
VALORIE S. MACKEY dvm S. M. LARGE vmd E. M. BREZNOCK dvm PhD Dipiomateacvs J. S. ARNOLD dvm Dipiomateacvs 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1986,15(4):325-328
A persistent right fourth aortic arch causing esophageal stenosis was diagnosed in a foal. Presenting signs included cervical swelling that developed following introduction to solid feed at weaning, and symptoms of chronic aspiration pneumonia. The esophagus was distended at the thoracic inlet; neither an endoscope nor a small nasogastric tube could be passed through the strictured esophagus at the heart base. The esophagus was seen to be dilated to the level of the heart base on plain and contrast radiographs. A left lateral thoracotomy through the fifth intercostal space was used to gain access for surgical correction of the defect. Radiographic and clinical evaluation of the foal 2 and 6 months following surgery showed a gradual decrease in size of the esophageal dilatation and an enlargement in the functional diameter of the esophagus at the previously strictured area at the heart base. Ten months following surgery the colt was eating normally and was of normal height and weight. 相似文献
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A 6-month-old Thoroughbred colt was examined because of persistent dysphagia noted since birth. Moderately severe regurgitation occurred when the colt ate semi-solid food or drank. Complete esophageal impaction developed when the colt ate solid material. Endoscopic examination revealed ulceration, dilatation and lack of peristalsis in the area of the previous impaction. Barium esophagram demonstrated the dilatation in the area of the previous impaction. Esophageal manometry revealed prolonged simultaneous contractions throughout the esophagus suggesting the presence of a motor abnormality. The colt was maintained on a slurry of complete pelleted feed, but the esophageal dysfunction persisted until euthanasia at 17 months of age. Gross post mortem and histologic examinations showed no abnormalities in the muscularis mucosa, myenteric plexus, vagus nerve, or brain stem. The history, signs, and manometric findings suggested esophageal dysfunction in this colt. Motor disorders of the esophagus should be considered in horses with persistent dysphagia or recurrent episodes of choke and esophageal manometry can help characterize these disorders. 相似文献
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J G Vestweber H W Leipold R G Knighton 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,187(12):1369-1370
A 4-month-old female Gelbvieh calf regurgitated 3 to 9 minutes after eating hay but not after eating grain or drinking water. A fiberoptic endoscopic examination and positive-contrast radiography revealed megaesophagus. The calf was euthanatized, and necropsy revealed a dilated esophagus (12 cm long) proximal to the thoracic inlet. Histologically, the major portion of the muscular layers of the esophagus was replaced by fat cells. 相似文献
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Crowley JJ Evans RD Mc Hugh N Kenny DA McGee M Crews DH Berry DP 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(11):3372-3381
Most studies on feed efficiency in beef cattle have focused on performance in young animals despite the contribution of the cow herd to overall profitability of beef production systems. The objective of this study was to quantify, using a large data set, the genetic covariances between feed efficiency in growing animals measured in a performance-test station, and beef cow performance including fertility, survival, calving traits, BW, maternal weaning weight, cow price, and cull cow carcass characteristics in commercial herds. Feed efficiency data were available on 2,605 purebred bulls from 1 test station. Records on cow performance were available on up to 94,936 crossbred beef cows. Genetic covariances were estimated using animal and animal-dam linear mixed models. Results showed that selection for feed efficiency, defined as feed conversion ratio (FCR) or residual BW gain (RG), improved maternal weaning weight as evidenced by the respective genetic correlations of -0.61 and 0.57. Despite residual feed intake (RFI) being phenotypically independent of BW, a negative genetic correlation existed between RFI and cow BW (-0.23; although the SE of 0.31 was large). None of the feed efficiency traits were correlated with fertility, calving difficulty, or perinatal mortality. However, genetic correlations estimated between age at first calving and FCR (-0.55 ± 0.14), Kleiber ratio (0.33 ± 0.15), RFI (-0.29 ± 0.14), residual BW gain (0.36 ± 0.15), and relative growth rate (0.37 ± 0.15) all suggest that selection for improved efficiency may delay the age at first calving, and we speculate, using information from other studies, that this may be due to a delay in the onset of puberty. Results from this study, based on the estimated genetic correlations, suggest that selection for improved feed efficiency will have no deleterious effect on cow performance traits with the exception of delaying the age at first calving. 相似文献
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Endoscopically Guided Balloon Dilatation of Benign Esophageal Strictures in 6 Cats and 7 Dogs 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Brenda H. Harai Susan E. Johnson Robert G. Sherding 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1995,9(5):332-335
Benign esophageal strictures in 6 cats and 7 dogs were treated with endoscopically guided balloon dilatation. Six of 13 had a history of anesthesia within 3 weeks prior to the onset of signs; 8 animals had a single stricture, and 5 had multiple strictures, for a total of 19 strictures. Four of the 19 strictures were in the upper esophagus, 11 were in the middle esophagus, and 4 were in the lower esophagus. The luminal diameters ranged from 1 to 18 mm, with a mean of 5.1 mm. Twelve animals survived the immediate postprocedure period and had a total of 50 dilatation procedures performed; the mean number of procedures per animal was 4.2 (range, 2 to 8). Complications included mild bleeding and tearing (11 of 13), moderate bleeding (1 of 13), and esophageal perforation (1 of 13). The cat with the perforation was subsequently euthanized. Follow-up information was available on the 12 remaining animals; 9 were known to be alive 6 to 59 months (mean, 28.2 months) after dilatation. Two were euthanized, 1 for persistence of signs and the other for unrelated causes. One animal died of possible aspiration pneumonia. Three of 13 animals had complete and 9 had partial resolution of signs. Of the 9 animals with partial resolution, 7 were substantially better with dietary modification, 1 was moderately better, and 1 had minimal improvement. Eleven of 13 animals (85%) had a successful outcome with moderate to complete resolution of signs. Thus, it is concluded that endoscopically guided balloon dilatation is an effective and relatively safe treatment for benign esophageal strictures in dogs and cats. 相似文献
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复合草颗粒生产及饲喂奶牛试验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过刈割-干燥-粉碎-配制-制粒程序将紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)鲜草加工成理想的高附加值商品--复合草颗粒,同时采用随机编号、分组试验法,替代2.5、2.0 kg精饲料饲喂奶牛,测定替代量与产奶量、草料消耗成本之间的关系.结果表明,复合草颗粒是一种体积小,便于运输、贮藏,使用方便,适口性好,营养价值高的... 相似文献
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针对我国粗饲料资源较差以及广泛存在的青贮铡切较长等现实问题,本研究旨在为制定适合于中国饲料资源条件的青贮以及不同生长和泌乳阶段奶牛的TMR分级标准提供基础数据。本试验对北京地区规模化奶牛场的玉米青贮和TMR样品进行颗粒度筛分和常规营养成分测定,并与美国宾州颗粒度分级筛(PSPS)的TMR颗粒度和日粮NDF推荐值进行比较。通过比对发现我国玉米青贮的饲料颗粒度普遍偏大,第一层筛网上的饲料比例远超过宾州筛3%~5%的推荐值。新产牛和高产牛TMR样品位于第一层筛网上的饲料比例绝大多数超过了8%,第二层筛网上的饲料比例比美国推荐值要低15%~25%,这可能是由于粗饲料(青贮和干草)颗粒度过长造成的。高产牛和新产牛日粮NDF含量处于35%~42%,基本上在美国宾州筛推荐的中低产奶牛日粮的NDF范围,这与我国的粗饲料资源有限、质量不高、粗饲料铡切长度有关。因而,我国牧场不能照搬美国宾州筛的TMR分级标准,而应根据我国粗饲料的国情,制订适合于中国饲料资源条件的青贮与不同生长和泌乳阶段奶牛的TMR分级标准。 相似文献
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本文介绍了我国奶牛饲料业基本情况,提出了主要存在的饲料生产与奶牛饲养模式不相适应的问题,着重提出了“饲料配合”建设的意义,内容及可操作性,提出了当前发展我国奶牛业的策略。 相似文献
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The fungus Fusarium tricinctum, producing T-2 toxin, was isolated from mouldy maize silage. T-2 toxin was identified by TLC and by a bioassay. Consumption of mouldy silage resulted in a disease in a dairy cow, which had to be killed. The patho-anatomical findings obtained in the slaughtered cow generally suggested trichothecene poisoning. It was derived from these findings that the disease was due to the presence of trichothecenes in the feed. 相似文献
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M J Murray M M Ball G A Parker 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,192(3):381-383
A 3-month-old foal with a history of persistent fever and leukocytosis was found to have pneumonia, ulceration of the squamous portion of the stomach, and dilatation of the distal portion of the esophagus. The foal was euthanatized and necropsied. The distal portion of the esophagus was severely dilated, and there was severe ulceration and mural thickening of the stomach at the cardia. Because of the severe gastric ulceration and mural thickening, the gastroesophageal junction was fixed in an open position, permitting gastroesophageal reflux. The megaesophagus and pneumonia were considered to have resulted from chronic gastroesophageal reflux. 相似文献
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The impact of clinical paratuberculosis in a 500 cow Jersey x Holstein dairy herd of loose housing system was followed up for three years. There was an increasing fall in annual milk production, namely 49, 474, and 1030 litres per cow, a decrease in the average age from 63.9 to 57.0 months, and of feed conversion from 60 to 39%. The effect of certain management deficiencies, existing throughout the study, is discussed. 相似文献
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Estimation of Milk Production from Smallholder Dairy Cattle in the Coastal Lowlands of Kenya 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
A study was carried out on 92 smallholder farms in Kwale district in Coast Province of Kenya to estimate the milk yield. The effect of concentrate feed supplementation on milk yield was also evaluated. Data were collected during a one-year observational longitudinal study. Analysis was done for 371 observations following 63 calving events. The mean annual milk offtake was estimated at 2021 kg/cow. Forty-nine (77.8%) of the lactating cows were supplemented with concentrate feeds at varying rates of 0.5-3.0 kg/cow per day. Supplementary feeding of lactating cows led to a significantly higher mean daily milk yield compared to non-supplemented cows throughout the year (p < 0.05). The mean annual milk offtake from supplemented cows (2195 kg/cow) was 18.6% more than offtake from non-supplemented cows, a difference that was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Therefore, supplementary feeding of commercial feed concentrates was a rational management practice. It was also concluded that milk production from smallholder dairy cows in the coastal lowlands of Kenya was comparable to that from similar production systems but lower than national targets. 相似文献
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添加高蛋白生物活性饲料饲喂奶牛的效果观测 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
加高蛋白生物活性饲料饲喂奶牛,可比对照组头均日产奶量提高0.92kg,增产率为7.01%,差异显著(P<0.05),试验期内头均增加收益123.42元,其经济效益明显。 相似文献
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Edgar F. Garrett Kuldeep Singh 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2012,53(12):1317-1320
A 7-year-old Holstein cow was presented for reduced appetite and decreased milk production. Based on physical examination, cecal dilatation was the primary differential diagnosis and was confirmed at surgery. However, in addition to the dilated cecum, 2 large cystic masses were found firmly attached to the proximal loop of the ascending colon. 相似文献