优质水稻三系不育系金山A-4的选育及利用

以万利香与冈46B杂交，选择优质长粒型的单株建立株系，并与珍汕97A连续多代成对回交，育成柱头外露率高、不育性稳定、异交特性好、株叶态理想的优质不育系金山A-4。金山A-4配合力好，已配制出金山A-4／R401、金山A-4／蜀恢527等优质杂交稻组合。该不育系于2005年通过福建省科技厅科技成果鉴定。     

优质水稻三系不育系金泰A的选育

金泰A是福建农林大学作物科学学院选用高代优质保持系材料香混-9与优质三系保持系宜香1B杂交,F4代选单株与金山A-1测交并连续多代回交转育而成的野败籼型优质三系不育系。该不育系具有育性稳定、米质优、株叶形态好、柱头外露率高、可恢性好、杂种优势较强等特点,于2015年4月通过福建省品种审定委员会审定。     

红莲型优质不育系粤泰A的选育及其主要特征特性

以红莲型不育系丛广４１Ａ作不育胞质源供体，采用杂交选育和回交转育的方法，育成了一个新的红莲型优质不育系－粤泰Ａ。该不育系具有以下特性．１．群体不育株率达１００％，不育度达９９．８６％；２．柱头外露率达９１．６％，制种产量可比珍汕９７Ａ高３８％至６２％；３．米粒细长，垩白米率仅８％，比珍汕９７Ａ减少达７８％，配制的杂种在外观品质性状上较珍汕９７Ａ组合可提高一个品质等级；４．较强的感温性，在广州作早，     

高柱头外露率早花时粳稻不育系春江20A的选育

春江20A是中国水稻研究所和浙江农科种业有限公司通过籼粳杂交、特性鉴定、定向选育等技术手段,转育而成的高柱头外露率、早花时、感温型粳稻不育系,于2011年9月通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会组织的不育系鉴定。春江20A为滇I型粳稻不育系,育性稳定,柱头外露率高达46.8%,花时早,异交结实率较高,配合力好。利用春江20A配制的籼粳亚种间杂交稻组合表现出熟期早、株高较矮、分蘖力强、杂种优势明显、产量潜力大、稻瘟病抗性好、后期转色好等特点。     

优质杂交早稻新组合T优7882的选育初报

以地谷B与龙特甫B和珍汕97B复交，选育出优质、柱头外露率高的株系，并与珍汕97A连续多代回交，育成不育系T78A。T78A米质优，不育性稳定、柱头外露率高、异交特性好、配合力强。用T78A与明恢82配制成的杂交早稻组合T优7882，具有品质优良，产量高等特性。该组合于2000年和2001年2a参加龙岩市区试，产量均列参试组第一名，2a平均比对照汕优77增产5．21％。2000年早季T优7882参加指建省早稻观察圃试验，平均每667m^2产478．02kg，比对照威优77增产4．91％，居14个参试组合的第二位。T优7882丰产性好，品质优于汕82，是一个较有前景的早杂组合。     

高柱头外露率、优质粳稻不育系嘉66A的选育及应用

嘉66A是浙江省嘉兴市农科院联合有关单位育成的优质晚粳BT型三系不育系,柱头外露率高,2014年12月通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会组织的现场技术鉴定。本文主要介绍了嘉66A的选育过程及特征特性。     

优质粳稻三系不育系辽11A的选育

辽11A是以BT型细胞质不育系屉锦A为母本,以通过人工制保,在珍珠粳/LS2//辽粳294///B9后代中选育的高柱头外露率、株型理想、优质、高抗的保持系辽11B为父本,经过测交和连续回交转育而成的粳稻不育系,具有抗病能力强、柱头外露率高、优质等特点,2013年通过辽宁省农村经济委员会鉴定。     

优质籼型三系不育系桃农1A的特征特性及高产繁殖技术

桃农1A系桃源县农业科学研究所选育的优质籼型三系不育系,不育性好,遗传性状稳定,柱头外露率高,易制种,配组杂种产量高,米质优,抗倒能力强。总结了其特征特性及在湖南和海南地区的高产繁殖技术。     

早熟早籼三系不育系安丰A的选育及栽培技术

安丰A是湖南怀化职业技术学院用金23B作母本、地谷B作父本杂交的F1作母本,再与岳4B杂交,从其后代选优良单株与金23B测交回交选育的早熟早籼不育系。具有不育性稳定,长势旺,分蘖力强,矮秆、早熟,抗倒、抗病,开花习性好,柱头外露率高,可恢复性和配合力好及米质优等特性。用该不育系与早、中、晚多个恢复系配组,表现结实率高、丰产性好、     

制种异交结实率偏低的原因及其措施

一、异交结实率偏低的原因（一）包茎、花时不遇与柱头外露率低一般不育系的包茎将近达1／3，开颖角度较小，与父本的花时差有1～Zh，柱头外露率也只有30～50％左右，这是造成异交结实率偏低的主要原因。不同的不育系，其异交特性差异很大tD297A颖壳外露，张颖角度较大，不闭颖；龙特甫A大穗大粒，柱头亦较大，生育期长，易攻苗架；Ⅱ－32A柱头外露率高达50％以上，所以三者均好制种，一般亩产可达200kg以上。其次是D汕A、宁A、优IA、博白A等柱头外露率也达50％左右，也好制种。威20A、汕A由于柱头外露率只有30％左右，异交结实率相对…     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.