马铃薯蛋白粉对28日龄断奶仔猪生长性能的影响研究

马铃薯蛋白粉是一种价格低廉的蛋白质饲料,蛋白质含量丰富,氨基酸组成相当均衡,对促进猪生产性能、改善肠道微生物起着极其重要的作用。本试验研究添加3.5%、4.5%、5.5%、6.5%的马铃薯蛋白粉对28日龄断奶仔猪生长性能的影响和适宜饲喂量,结果表明：4.5%组、5.5%组较对照组仔猪日增重分别提高14.67%、13.48%（P〈0.01）,料重比分别降低18.56%、15.91%（P〈0.05）;4.5%组、5.5%组仔猪日增重、日采食量、料重比差异不显著（P〉0.05）,较其它试验组差异显著（P〈0.05）,马铃薯蛋白粉适宜添加量为4.5%～5.5%。     

马铃薯蛋白粉对28日龄断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

马铃薯蛋白粉是一种价格低廉的蛋白质饲料.蛋白质含量丰富,氨基酸组成相当均衡,对促进猪生产性能、改善肠道微生物起着极其重要的作用.本试验研究添加3.5%、4.5%、5.5%、6.5%的马铃薯蛋白粉对28日龄断奶仔猪生长性能的影响和适宜饲喂量.试验结果表明:4.5%组、5.5%组较对照组仔猪日增重分别提高14.67%、13.48%(p<0.01).料重比分别降低18.56%、15.91%(p<0.05);4.5%组、5.5%组仔猪日增重、日采食量、料重比差异不显著(p>0.05),较其他试验组差异显著(p<0.05),马铃薯蛋白粉适宜添加量为4.5%～5.5%.     

喷雾干燥猪血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪的饲喂效果研究

试验选择21日龄“杜×长×大”体重胎次一致,公母各半的断奶仔猪144头,随机分为4组:分别为添加喷雾干燥猪血浆蛋白粉(SDPP)3%(试验I组)、6%(试验Ⅱ组)、10%(试验Ⅲ组)和对照组,每个组设两个重复,每个重复18头,试验期为断奶后0～14d(21～35日龄)。结果表明:试验组较对照组能提高仔猪的采食量和日增重、降低料重比和腹泻率。添加SDPP为6%的效果较好,较对照组平均日采食量提高5%(P>0.05),平均日增重提高13.7%(P<0.05),料重比降低8.7%(P>0.05),断奶后腹泻率降低22%(P<0.01),腹泻频率下降27.4%(P<0.01)。     

百奥康与血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

本次试验选取三元杂交（杜×大×长）28日龄断奶仔猪89头,按母猪胎次、窝别和体重随机分为3组（3组饲料均为颗粒料）,即对照组、1％百奥康组和3％血浆蛋白粉组,每组设3个重复。用于研究两种不同产品对早期隔离断奶（SEW）综合症期间断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。经过为期23d的试验,试验结果表明:百奥康组较血浆蛋白粉组采食量提高了4.02％（P<0.05）;百奥康组和血浆蛋白粉组均取得较好日增重,较对照组分别提高13.49％（P<0.01）、9.13％（P<0.01）;百奥康组和血浆蛋白粉组在料重比方面均表现出了同等明显的优势,较对照组分别降低了9.50％（P<0.01）;在腹泻方面,百奥康组和血浆蛋白粉组分别比对照组降低了64.22％（P<0.01）、40.49％（P<0.01）,而百奥康组优势更为明显,比血浆蛋白粉组降低39.87％（P<0.05）;以增重成本而言,百奥康组比血浆蛋白粉组降低27.07％。由本试验可得出:在乳猪颗粒料中以1％百奥康添加量取代3％血浆蛋白粉是可行的。     

水解珠蛋白粉在断奶仔猪饲养中的应用效果测试

选用体况良好、体重相近、胎次基本相同的28日龄断奶仔猪90头,按照公母各半的原则随机选取30头作为对照组,其他60头作为试验组,分别饲喂基础日粮和基础日粮+0.6%水解珠蛋白粉日粮。对照组设3个重复,试验组设6个重复,每个重复10头仔猪,试验期30d。结果表明:与对照组相比,0.6%水解珠蛋白粉组平均日增重提高了29.8%,平均日采食量增加了17.4%,料肉比降低了9.4%,腹泻率降低了28.3%。以上结果显示,水解珠蛋白粉营养能够提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,降低腹泻率。     

叶蛋白粉替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

用自制叶蛋白粉等量替鱼粉添加到断奶仔猪日粮中，进行４周饲喂对比试验，结果表明：叶蛋白粉替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪的生长性能无不良影响。     

血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

为了探究血浆蛋白粉在等营养水平条件下对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响。选择同批次、生长发育健康的25日龄平均体重6kg断奶去势长×大仔公猪40头,按窝别、体重随机分为8组,4组作为空白组,另外4组作为试验组,每组重复数为5。空白组提供与试验组等营养水平的日粮,试验组为添加4%血浆蛋白粉日粮,测定断奶后0～15日龄和16～30日龄生长性能。结果:添加4%的血浆蛋白粉组生产性能、与等营养水平条件下的空白组比较差异不显著(P 0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下日粮中添加4%的血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生产性能无明显影响。     

不同比例血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

血浆蛋白粉是动物血液（包括猪血或牛血）分离出红血球后的血浆经干燥后而制成的粉状产品。该产品的粗蛋白质含量高达７８％左右，赖氨酸含量约７％，其它各种氨基酸含量较丰富且均衡，蛋白质和氨基酸消化率在９０％以上，是一种品质极好的动物性蛋白质饲料。该产品中所含...     

小肽替代血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

为对比小肽与血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响,选取240头24日龄的杜长大断奶仔猪,随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组添加3％血浆蛋白粉,试验组添加5％小肽制品,进行为期14d的试验,结果表明小肽组的仔猪日采食量、日增重、料重比、单位增重饲料成本等均好于血浆蛋白粉组,可见,在断奶仔猪日粮中采用小肽制品替代血浆蛋白粉应是可行的。     

鸡血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能和血液生化指标的影响

选取108头25±3日龄断奶仔猪,随机分成3个处理组,即对照组、试验组一和试验组二,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复12头仔猪,对照组饲喂不含血浆蛋白粉的基础日粮,试验组一、试验组二分别饲喂鸡血浆蛋白粉、猪血浆蛋白粉添加量为4%的试验日粮。研究不同血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标的影响。试验时间14d。试验结果表明,鸡血浆蛋白粉能够提高仔猪生长性能和血清球蛋白含量(P<0.05),与猪血浆蛋白粉的饲喂效果无明显差异(P>0.05)。     

马铃薯蛋白粉在仔猪上的营养价值评定

选择体重为(16±1.66)kg PIC仔猪18头,在测定马铃薯蛋白粉(PPM)养分、氨基酸含量的基础上进行消化代谢试验。以PPM和豆粕(SBM)分别作为唯一蛋白源配制半纯合日粮,采用无氮日粮法测定两者猪回肠末端氨基酸的表观消化率和真消化率。结果表明:PPM含消化能18.84MJ/kg,可消化粗蛋白质74.08%,蛋白质生物学效价76.87%,均显著高于豆粕。同时,PPM中大部分氨基酸,尤其是Glu、Lys、Pro等的含量、表观消化率或真消化率显著或极显著高于豆粕,回肠真可消化Glu、Lys、Pro的含量分别为20.67%、5.58%、8.16%,分别比豆粕高194.92%、110.34%、94.87%。可见,PPM的能量和蛋白质氨基酸营养价值明显优于豆粕。     

Increasing diet viscosity using carboxymethylcellulose in weaned piglets stimulates protein digestibility

Ileal indigestible protein may be an important factor for the occurrence of post weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Depending on the quantity of indigested protein, an imbalance in the microbial community can occur, resulting in an overgrowth of pathogens. Diet viscosity may influence nutrient digestibility and substrate availability for microbial growth. Therefore, we examined the effect of dietary viscosity in piglet nutrition. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was added as a model substance in order to increase diet viscosity. The effect of 1% supplemented CMC on nutrient digestibility, morphological and physiological parameters was measured in piglets 3 weeks post weaning at 26 days of age. The main effects of inclusion of CMC were:

– A 10% slower gastric emptying rate (P = 0.18).

– An increased protein hydrolysis in the gastric fraction, measured as increased nitrogen concentration in the liquid phase of gastric contents (26% in control vs. 34% in experimental group; P = 0.13).

– An increased production of the protein hydrolysing enzyme amino-peptidase from 359 U/g protein for the control diet to 516 U/g protein for the experimental diet (P < 0.01).

– A numerical increase in apparent ileal protein digestibility by 6% from 75.2% to 79.5% (P = 0.22) and a significant increase in faecal protein digestibility by 5% (P = 0.044).

These results indicate that an optimized diet viscosity might be one factor exerting a beneficial influence on protein digestibility. We hypothesize that the effect of diet viscosity on gastric emptying rate is the major factor.     

利用羧甲基纤维素增加日粮粘度以提高断奶仔猪的蛋白质消化率

回肠难消化蛋白质可能是引起断奶仔猪腹泻的一个重要因素。受未消化蛋白质数量的影响,可能会造成肠道微生物菌群的失衡,从而导致病原菌的过度生长。日粮粘度可能会影响养分的消化率和微生物对底物的利用率。因此,本试验研究了日粮粘度在仔猪营养中的作用。将羧甲基纤维素(CMC)作为一种模型物质以此提高加日粮粘度,以26日龄断奶仔猪为试验对象,研究断奶后3周1%的CMC添加量对养分消化率、仔猪肠道形态学参数和生理学参数的影响。CMC产生的主要作用有:◆可使胃内容物的排空率降低10%(P=0.18)◆通过测定胃内容物中液相食糜增加的氮含量,得到CMC可提高蛋白质在肠道中的水解率(对照组和试验组仔猪肠道内氮浓度分别为26%和34%,P=0.13)。◆添加CMC可使蛋白质水解酶氨基肽酶的产量从359U/g(对照组)显著提高至516U/g(试验组)(P<0.01)。◆添加CMC可使蛋白质回肠表观消化率从75.2%提高至79.5%(P=022),蛋白质粪便表观消化率显著提高5%(P=0.044)。以上试验结果表明,适宜的日粮粘度可能会对蛋白质消化率产生有益的作用。     

Study of the optimum ideal protein level for weaned piglets

The amount of ideal protein, represented by the first limiting valine (Val), for optimising the growth performances of weaned hybrid piglets was studied. Feeds were formulated based on the ideal protein concept and on a constant essential/nonessential amino acid (AA) ratio and net energy (NE) level. The animal performance trial was composed of five dietary treatments ranging from 0.57 to 0.81% calculated apparent (app.) ileal (il.) digestible (dig.) Val. The piglets, male and female in equal numbers (11 replicates x 6 piglets/pen x 5 treatments) entered the trial at about 4 weeks old (average live weight 8.1 kg). The piglets were a cross product of Piétrain sire x hybrid dam. Feed intake and weight were recorded every two weeks until the end of the trial at 10 weeks of age (average live weight 20.6 kg). The requirement was expressed in st. il. dig. AA-units, as this unit approaches available AA better than app. il. dig. AA. The standardised (st.) il. AA digestibility coefficients (DCAA) were determined for two feeds, close to the animal performance optima, in a digestion trial with four T-cannulated piglets of approximately 6 weeks old. The feed independent endogenous nitrogen excretion was measured with a protein-free feed; although this technique underestimates the actual endogenous N-losses, it provides a reasonable estimate of basal endogenous N-losses. The determined st. il. DCAA were lower than the calculated st. il. DCAA, based on the CVB (2000); this might be linked to the higher than expected crude fibre content of the experimental feeds. The Val-requirement necessary to optimise ADG and FCR was similar and amounted 0.70% st. il. dig. Val, which corresponded with a st. il. dig. Lys-level of 1.03%.     

利用羧甲基纤维素增加日粮粘度以提高断奶仔猪的蛋白质消化率

回肠难消化蛋白质可能是引起断奶仔猪腹泻的一个重要因素。受未消化蛋白质数量的影响,可能会造成肠道微生物菌群的失衡,从而导致病原菌的过度生长。日粮粘度可能会影响养分的消化率和微生物对底物的利用率。因此,本试验研究了日粮粘度在仔猪营养中的作用。将羧甲基纤维素(CMC)作为一种模型物质以此提高日粮粘度,以26日龄断奶仔猪为试验对象,研究断奶后3周1%的CMC添加量对养分消化率、仔猪肠道形态学参数和生理学参数的影响。CMC产生的主要作用有:◆可使胃内容物的排空率降低10%(P=0.18);◆通过测定胃内容物中液相食糜增加的氮含量,得到CMC可提高蛋白质在肠道中的水解率(对照组和试验组仔猪肠道内氮浓度分别为26%和34%,P=0.13);◆可使蛋白质水解酶氨基肽酶的产量从359U/g(对照组)显著提高至516U/g(试验组)(P<0.01);◆可使蛋白质回肠表观消化率从75.2%提高至79.5%(P=022),蛋白质粪便表观消化率显著提高5%(P=0.044)。以上试验结果表明,适宜的日粮粘度可能会对蛋白质消化率产生有益的作用,我们假设,日粮粘度对胃内容物排空率的作用是提高蛋白质消化率的一个主要因素。     

Comparison of low-glycoalkaloid potato protein and fish meal as protein sources for weaner piglets

A total of 32 weaner piglets (Landrace×Yorkshire) with an average initial body weight of 9.6±1.2 kg, and 29.8±2.7 days of age, were used in a 28-day growth assay to compare low-glycoalkaloid potato protein with fish meal as the main protein source. The piglets were housed pair-wise in pens and were fed semi-ad libitum. During feeding the piglets were separated allowing individual feeding within the pen. Four diets were tested with varying proportions of a high quality fish meal (F) and low-glycoalkaloid potato protein (P): diet A (10% F); diet B (5% F and 5% P); diet C (2.5% F and 7.5% P) and diet D (10% P). On average, in weeks 1–4, the piglets on diets C and D had higher feed intakes (17%; P<0.01) and daily weight gains (18%; P<0.05) than the piglets on diets A and B. There was no effect of diet (P>0.05) on feed conversion. It can be concluded from the present study that low-glycoalkaloid potato protein can completely replace high quality fish meal in diets for weaner pigs. The improved feed intake and daily gain with increasing inclusion suggests that low-glycoalkaloid potato protein may be superior to fish meal as a protein source for weaner pigs.     

短链脂肪酸醋在仔猪日粮中的应用研究

本试验主要研究以三丁酸甘油酯为主的短链脂肪酸酯对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响.选用25±1日龄的大白和长白断奶仔猪72头,随机分为试验组和对照组.每组设3个重复.每个重复12头猪,试验周期为20d.试验组日粮中添加0.4%短链脂肪酸酯,对照组相应部分用0.4%的乳清粉代替.结果表明:添加0.4%短链脂肪酸酯的试验组对早期断奶仔猪的日增重有显著性影响(p<0.05).     

苜蓿草粉在仔猪日粮中的应用

选取杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪60头作为试验动物,研究日粮中添加苜蓿草粉对仔猪腹泻、生产性能及营养物质消化率的影响。结果表明,日粮中加入5%苜蓿草粉,对仔猪的日增质量、日采食量和饲料营养物质消化率没有产生不利的影响,并能非常有效地防止仔猪腹泻,在断奶后1周内可极显著提高仔猪的增质量。     

无抗条件下断奶仔猪日粮的营养调整策略

鉴于目前全球抗生素的滥用 导致畜产品中抗生素的残留对人类 健康的损害,对环境的污染,并且 加剧了微生物对抗生素耐药性的适 应,给人类的公共卫生安全带来了 更大的隐患.自2020 年7 月1 日 起我国实行饲料生产企业停止生产 含有促生长类药物饲料添加剂（中 药类除外）的商品饲料,意味着我 国养殖产业正式开始进入的"无抗...     

Ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids from canola meal in weaned piglets and growing pigs

Two experiments were conducted to measure the apparent ileal digestibility coefficients (AID) of protein and amino acids from canola meal (CM) and a pelleted canola meal (PCM) and their effect on specific activity (SA) of pancreatic proteases in weaned piglets and growing pigs. In experiment one, 24 piglets weaned at 17 days and weighing 5.5 kg were used. Treatments were a reference diet with 200 g of crude protein (CP) kg^− 1 elaborated with casein (C) as the sole protein source, a diet containing C–CM and a diet containing C–PCM. These diets were obtained using the reference diet plus 100 g kg^− 1 of CM or PCM that substituted an isoproteic mixture of casein and maize starch from reference diet, so that the AID coefficients for their protein and amino acids could be calculated by difference. In experiment two, nine castrated pigs weighing 39.5 kg were used. Treatments were a reference diet with 160 g of CP kg^− 1 elaborated with casein (C) as the sole protein source, diet C–CM and diet C–PCM. These diets were obtained using the reference diet plus 300 g kg^− 1 of CM or PCM that substituted an isoproteic mixture of casein and maize starch from reference diet. In piglets, the AID coefficients for casein were highest (P < 0.05), those of PCM were intermediate, and those of CM were the lowest. In older pigs, the AID coefficients for casein were highest, and those of CM and PCM were similar (P > 0.05). The SAs of chymotrypsin, trypsin and carboxypeptidases A and B were lower in piglets than in heavier pigs. Moreover, the SAs of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase B were lower (P > 0.05) in animals fed casein. The results showed in piglets that whereas CM was less digestible, pelleted canola meal improved protein and amino acid ileal digestibility, resulting in similar AID coefficients to those of growing pigs.