Requirement for capsular antigen KX105 and fimbrial antigen CS1541 in the pathogenicity of porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O8:KX105 strains.

The requirement for capsular antigen KX105 and fimbrial antigen CS1541 in the pathogenicity of porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O8:KX105 strains lacking the colonization factor antigens K88, K99, 987P and F41 was investigated using two encapsulated strains and their acapsular variants, one of which produced the fimbrial antigen CS1541 in vitro. None of the strains adhered in vitro to enterocytes isolated from newborn colostrum-deprived piglets. All of the strains caused diarrhea in orally infected, hysterotomy-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets although a great variability in the clinical response of the piglets was observed. Colonization of the small intestine of infected piglets by these strains was only moderate and no differences in the ability to colonize the small intestine was noted between the strains. All of the strains reacted in the indirect fluorescent antibody test with both CS1541 and 987P antisera when applied to organisms in the intestines of infected piglets. A control strain expressing the 987P fimbrial adhesin also reacted with the CS1541 antiserum applied to organisms in the intestines of an infected piglet. It was concluded that capsular antigen KX105 was not essential for intestinal colonization and production of diarrhea in hysterotomy-derived colostrum-deprived pigs, and that fimbrial antigen CS1541 does not promote in vitro adherence to enterocyte brush borders but could be important in bacterial colonization in vivo.     

内蒙古绒山羊105 d胎儿皮肤的基因表达

选择105d绒山羊胎儿体侧部皮肤组织构建cDNA文库，随机挑取克隆进行表达序列标签（ESTs）测序，共测序1152个质粒，合格的大于100bp的高质量ESTs846个，平均长度为443．2bp。对525个绒山羊胎儿皮肤组织已知功能基因的ESTs进行分类，可分为细胞分裂类18个，细胞信号类65个；细胞结构蛋白基因73个；细胞防御类21个；基因／蛋白表达126个；代谢类的69个；未分类的153个。发现了Wnt-4、Bmpr-Ib、ASIP gene、Ectodysplasin等重要的与毛囊分化相关的基因。     

Diseases associated with pronounced eosinophilia: a study of 105 dogs in Sweden

Records of 105 dogs with pronounced eosinophilia (>2.2 X l0⁹ eosinophils/litre) were evaluated in a retrospective study to determine diseases associated with the abnormality in dogs in Sweden. Inflammatory disease in organs with large epithelial surfaces, such as the gut, lungs or skin, was found in 36 per cent of the dogs. A further one-quarter of the 105 cases were placed in the 'miscellaneous' category, which comprised various diseases found at low frequency. The most well defined diagnosis was pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophils in 12 per cent of the dogs. A further 11 per cent had parasitic disease caused by either sarcoptic mange or nasal mite. No atopic dog was found and rottweilers were over-represented in most disease groups. Pronounced eosinophilia, in many cases transient, seems to be associated with a variety of disorders in dogs. In the present study, rottweilers appeared to be more prone to a high eosinophil response than other breeds.     

Ocular and periocular manifestations of leishmaniasis in dogs: 105 cases (1993-1998)

The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence, type, and prognosis of ocular lesions associated with leishmaniasis in dogs. One hundred and five dogs (24.4% of all cases of leishmaniasis diagnosed during the study period) had ocular or periocular leishmaniasis, and 16 dogs (15.2% of ocular cases) had only ocular lesions and systemic signs were not apparent. Anterior uveitis was the most common manifestation and other prevalent findings included blepharitis and keratoconjunctivitis. Several distinct variations of eyelid lesions were seen including a dry dermatitis with alopecia, diffuse blepharedema, cutaneous ulceration, and discrete nodular granuloma formation. In some cases with keratoconjunctivitis, corneal lesions clinically resembled nodular granulomatous episclerokeratitis. Twenty-seven of the 34 cases with ocular lesions had improvement in signs following systemic antiprotozoal and topical anti-inflammatory therapy, although many cases with anterior uveitis required long-term topical therapy. Response of ocular signs correlated highly with overall, systemic response to therapy. Ophthalmic manifestations of systemic leishmaniasis are common in the dog, and this disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of most adnexal and anterior segment ocular inflammatory lesions in dogs in endemic areas.     

Risk factors for acquired myasthenia gravis in cats: 105 cases (1986-1998)

OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of initial clinical signs and risk factors for acquired myasthenia gravis (MG) in cats. DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. ANIMALS: 105 cats from the United States, Canada; and the United Kingdom with a confirmed diagnosis of acquired MG and 510 cats with other neuromuscular disorders, including generalized weakness, megaesophagus, and dysphagia (control group). PROCEDURES: Records were retrieved from a data-base containing results of serum samples tested for acetylcholine receptor antibodies. Signalment, including breed, age, and state or country of origin, month of onset, and initial clinical signs were obtained. An acetylcholine receptor antibody titer > 0.3 nmol/L was diagnostic for acquired MG. Unconditional logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Compared with mixed-breed cats, the breed with the highest relative risk of acquired MG was the Abyssinian (including Somali). Significant differences between sexes were not detected. There was no compelling evidence for a difference in risk of developing MG between states or countries. Relative risk increased after 3 years of age. The most common clinical signs were generalized weakness without megaesophagus and weakness associated with a cranial mediastinal mass. Focal signs, including megaesophagus and dysphagia without signs of generalized weakness, were also evident. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A breed predisposition for acquired MG in Abyssinians (and related Somalis) was observed. Clinical signs were variable and included generalized weakness, megaesophagus, and dysphagia. A cranial mediastinal mass was commonly associated with MG in cats.     

105株携带耶尔森菌强毒力岛大肠杆菌的毒力基因型和部分菌株毒力因子序列研究

为了解105株携带耶尔森菌强毒力岛(HPI)的大肠杆菌(E.coli)中相关毒力因子的流行情况和基因序列,根据GenBank中参考序列设计引物,采用PCR方法对广东地区养殖场来源的105分离株HPI+E.coli的fyuA、tsh、iucD、iss 4种毒力基因进行检测,统计基因类型;并对部分分离株的5种毒力基因(irp2和fuA、tsh、iucD、iss)进行了克隆与序列分析.结果显示105株HPI+E coli中4种毒力因子携带情况不尽一致,基因fyuA、tsh、iucD和iss的阳性率分别为55.24％、17.14％、49.52％和23.81％,105株HPI+E.coli共有13种基因型;分析表明,除iss基因与参考序列的同源性在88.0 ％～90.9％外,irp2、fyuA、tsh、iucD4种基因与GenBank中参考序列的同源性高达96％以上;广东省养殖场E.coli毒力因子基因型复杂,并以基因型irp2+ fyuA+ iucD+和仅含irp2+的菌株分离率最高,分别为17.14％和28％.     

Applications, complications, and outcomes of transvenous pacemaker implantation in 105 dogs (1997-2002)

We reviewed the indications for age and breeds of dogs who received transvenous endocardial artificial pacemaker (AP) implantation (n = 105) and complications and survival thereafter at a single institution over a 6-year period. A third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (59%) and sick sinus syndrome (SSS; 27%) were the most common indications, along with a high-grade second-degree AV block (9%) and atrial standstill (5%). The most common breeds identified were Labrador Retriever (n = 16; 11 with a third-degree AV block), American Cocker Spaniel (n = 14; 10 with SSS), and Miniature Schnauzer (n = 13; all with SSS). Common presenting complaints were syncope (n = 66) and exercise intolerance or lethargy (n = 25). Half of the dogs (n = 52) had a history of acute onset of clinical signs (<2 weeks). Mean survival time for the 60 dogs who died during the study period was 2.2 years (range, 0.1-5.8 years). Major complications occurred in 13% of dogs and included lead displacement (n = 7), sensing problems that led to syncope (n = 3), infection at the pacemaker site (n = 1), bleeding (n = 1), and ventricular fibrillation during implantation (n = 1; successfully defibrillated). Minor complications occurred in 11 dogs (11%). The success rate of transvenous AP implantation was comparatively high (all dogs survived the first 48 hours), and the complication rate was comparatively low when compared with a previous multicenter study, most likely because of how commonly the procedure was performed and supervisory experience.     

Effect of pig weaning weight and associated nursery feeding programs on subsequent performance to 105 kilograms body weight

An experiment using a total of 210 crossbred pigs from two farrowing groups evaluated the effects of three weaning weights and their associative starter feeding program on subsequent postweaning performance to 105 kg BW. One group of pigs nursed their dams in outside heated hutches (Trial 1), and a second group was raised in a centrally heated farrowing house (Trial II). The three pig weaning weight groups ranged in weight from 1) 4.1 to 5.0 kg, 2) 5.5 to 6.8 kg, and 3) 7.3 to 8.6 kg. Pigs in Group 1 were fed a high nutrient dense diet (HNDD) for a 2-wk period followed by a corn-soybean meal-dried whey (C-SBM-DW) and then a corn-soybean meal (C-SBM) diet, each for a 2-wk period. Group 2 was fed the same diet sequence except that HNDD was provided for 1 wk, whereas Group 3 was provided only the C-SBM-DW and the C-SBM diets each for 2 wk, consecutively. At the end of the nursery period, pigs were fed C-SBM diet formulations to 105 kg BW. Pigs of Trial I averaged 5.2 d older at weaning than those raised in the central farrowing house, but only a 1.5-d difference existed between light- and heavy-weight groups in both trials. Gains and feed intakes for the three weaning groups were higher as weaning weight increased during both the nursery and the growing-finishing period. There did not seem to be a compensatory growth response for lighter-weight weanling pigs even though they had been fed starter diets containing milk products. Consequently, fewer days (approximately 15) were required for the heavier-weight weanling pig group to reach a final weight of 105 kg than for the light-weight group. The medium-weight group required an intermediate number of days to reach 105 kg.     

Characteristics of dogs admitted for treatment of cervical intervertebral disk disease: 105 cases (1972-1982).

Case histories of 105 dogs that were treated for cervical intervertebral disk disease (IVDD) were studied retrospectively. To compare with previous data, dogs were grouped by age, gender, and breed. Dogs were also grouped by clinical signs of disease, and by presence and location of radiologic change. The age range of cases of cervical IVDD was 1 to 13 years (mean, 6.3 years). Fifty-nine percent of dogs treated for cervical IVDD were females, but the proportion of diseased females was similar to females in total hospital admissions. Twenty-eight breeds of dogs were treated for cervical IVDD. Dachshunds and Beagles were significantly over represented (P less than or equal to 0.001). However, gender-breed interaction was not observed. Prevalence of radiologic evidence of disk disease was detected at the following levels of the vertebral column: C2-3, 29%; C3-4, 24%; C4-5, 21%; C5-6, 15%; C6-7, 9%; and C7-T1, 2%. Significant difference was not observed in prevalence of cervical IVDD affecting the first 4 disk spaces. However, prevalence of cervical IVDD at C7-T1 was significantly less than that involving the first 4 disk spaces (P less than 0.02), and the space at C6-7 was significantly less affected than were the first 3 spaces (P less than 0.08). Significant association was not evident between clinical signs (pain and neurologic deficits) and radiologic signs of IVDD, although neurologic deficits were more likely to be observed in association with radiologic signs than with signs of pain.     

Types of colic and frequency of postcolic abortion in pregnant mares: 105 cases (1984-1988)

The records of 105 pregnant mares and 105 nonpregnant horses with colic admitted to an equine hospital were reviewed. The 2 groups had similar types of colic and short-term survivability. Of the 105 pregnant mares, 31 were treated medically and 74 required surgical intervention. Thirty-three of the 105 mares died or were euthanatized. Thirteen (18%) of the 72 remaining mares aborted. Of 4 mares with severe medical cases, 2 died, 1 aborted, and 1 aborted and died. Of 27 horses with medical cases that required less intensive treatment, none died and 2 aborted. Of the 74 horses that required surgery, 45 survived to termination of pregnancy (foaling or abortion); 36 of these mares (80%) had a live foal. The type of surgical lesion had no effect on pregnancy outcome. Stage of gestation at initial examination, duration of anesthesia, or intraoperative hypoxia or hypotension had no effect on pregnancy outcome. However, when hypoxia occurred during colic surgery in the last 60 days of pregnancy, the mares either aborted or delivered severely compromised foals that did not survive.     

Congenital heart diseases in the boxer dog: A retrospective study of 105 cases (1998-2005)

Subaortic stenosis (SAS) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases (CHD) in dogs with Boxers being predominantly affected. However, the increasing availability of modern diagnostic imaging systems now allows a better assessment of cardiac morphology and function, thereby facilitating early detection of CHD in awake animals. In this context, the case records of Boxer dogs diagnosed with CHD using echocardiography combined with Doppler mode, were retrospectively reviewed (1998-2005). One hundred and five Boxers exhibiting either a single CHD (53/105, 50.5%) or association of several CHD (52/105, 49.5%) were included. The most common CHD was atrial septal defect (ASD) observed in 56.2% of these animals (59/105), followed by mitral dysplasia (58/105, 55.2%), and SAS (49/105, 46.7%). SAS was associated with one or two CHD in 29.5% of cases (31/105). Most of the dogs with a low intensity left heart base systolic murmur had an isolated ASD whereas most of the dogs with a similar but high intensity murmur had SAS, either isolated or associated with a concurrent CHD. The incidence of ASD and mitral dysplasia in Boxer dogs is higher than previously assumed, and ASD is a common cause of left heart base systolic murmur in this breed of dog. This confirms that the detection of such a murmur should not be used as the unique criterion for diagnostic confirmation of SAS.     

The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (Delor 103, 105, and 106) in animal feed on the health of young pigs

Five trials involving 71 piglets and young porkers were conducted to test the toxic action of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) added to the complete feed mixtures as Delor 103, 105 or 106 (manufactured by Chemko Strázske) administered to the experimental groups. The intake of these biphenyls for 14 or 21 days at rates from 100 to 250 mg per kg of feed had no adverse effect on the health condition, production parameters and concentration of total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, glucose and cholesterol in blood serum. Delor 105 had the highest biological effectiveness: its intake increased the relative weight of liver, reduced the serum level of thyroid hormones and corticosteroids. When the weaned piglets consumed a starter feed with an addition of 1 mg of Delor 105 per kg (corresponding to a high natural PCB contamination) for 26 days, no adverse effect was recorded and, on the contrary, the growth of the animals was stimulated and their feed utilization was better. The results suggest that the young pigs are comparatively resistant to the toxic action of PCB.     

A possibility of application of the 105-kilodaltons protein of Brachyspira alvinipulli cross-reacting with antisera to five species in the genus Brachyspira to diagnosis

The antigenic properties of Brachyspira (B.) alvinipulli ATCC 51933 and strain C2 were analyzed and compared with those of B. hyodysenteriae ATCC 27164 and ATCC 31212, B. pilosicoli ATCC 51139, B. innocens ATCC 29796 and B. aalborgi NCTC 11492. In gel immunodiffusion tests, a protein in B. alvinipulli ATCC 51933 reacted strongly with anti-B. alvinipulli ATCC 51933-serum and formed two precipitin lines. Furthermore, by an immunoblotting technique, the 105-kilodaltons (kDa) protein in B. alvinipulli ATCC 51933 reacted strongly with each of the antisera to B. hyodysenteriae, B. pilosicoli, B. innocens and B. aalborgi. Therefore, the 105-kDa protein could be applied to diagnosis of chicken infection by B. alvinipulli and B. pilosicoli. But the 105-kDa protein reacting with the anti-B. alvinipulli ATCC 51933-serum was not confirmed in B. hyodysenteriae, B. pilosicoli, B. innocens and B. aalborgi. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 105-kDa protein isolated from B. alvinipulli ATCC 51933 was Met-Lys-Lys-Met-Val-Tyr-Phe-Phe-Gly-Asn. The amino acid alignment of this protein possessed 50% homology with the periplasmic-iron-binding protein BitC in B. hyodysenteriae.     

Correlations between carcass traits and mRNA levels of CGI-105 and CCAAT/enhancer protein α genes in steers of Korean cattle

To understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate intramuscular fat deposition (marbling), cDNA clones expressed in adipose tissues of Korean cattle were identified and characterized. One clone had a total length of 1262 nucleotides coding for 314 amino acids. It was identified as one encoding bovine homolog of human CGI-105 mRNA. CGI-105 is a member of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase family. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine CGI-105 with those of human revealed more than 89% identity. High levels of CGI-105 mRNA expression were detected in muscle, heart, and kidney tissues among various bovine tissues. Carcass traits, including backfat thickness, rib eye area, yield index, marbling score, and quality grade were analyzed in steer of Korean cattle. A CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) is one of adipocyte differentiation factors that may affect deposition of fat in muscle. mRNA levels of CGI-105 and C/EBPα genes were determined in the loin muscle tissues of steers. Correlation between carcass traits and mRNA levels of the genes was estimated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. The mRNA levels of C/EBPα showed strong positive correlation (r = 0.83, p < 0.01) with marbling scores. The results of the present study indicate that the manipulation of the expression of the C/EBPα gene may contribute to the development of a method for enhancing intramuscular fat deposition in beef.