松材线虫病的防控

本文对松材线虫病及其媒介昆虫的国内外防治方法进行了综述。分析了松材线虫防治防控中存在的问题,提出了增强松材线虫防治防控效率的策略,以期降低松材线虫疫病的发生率。     

松材线虫病综合预防技术研究

对松林中的枯死木、流通领域的松木及其制品,以及树体内的活体松褐天牛肢体进行抽样和分离监测,研究松线材虫病的综合监测预警技术体系.并且将外地调入和本地调出的森林植物及其产品全面实施动态源头管理,使所有监测对象都在预防控制管理渠道之中,形成操作性强和简便实用的长效管理机制.     

闽侯县松材线虫病发生与防控对策

针对闽侯县松材线虫病发生的特点,分析闽侯县松材线虫病防控除治中存在的传播迅速、项目开发量大、存在防治盲区、森防力量薄弱、预防意识不足等问题,有针对性地提出强化督导监管、推行绩效承包、实施区域合作、加强森防力量、强化防控氛围等防控对策。     

婺城区松材线虫病防控对策

对于目前还是非疫区的婺城区来说，面对松材线虫病的防控形势十分严峻，加强组织领导、完善监测体系、提高宣传认识，对今后婺城区防控松材线虫病入侵具有现实意义。     

松材线虫病防控的技术要点

本文以岳阳市的临湘市、云溪区松材线虫病发生区为例,提出了针对松材线虫病的防控技术要点,对控制松材线虫病的扩散蔓延有一定参考价值。     

汤口镇松材线虫病防控措施

松材线虫病是一种松树毁灭性病害。汤口镇是黄山的南大门,地理位置特殊,做好松树感染松材线虫病防控工作,确保国宝——黄山松的安全,责任重大。本文阐述了汤口镇松材线虫防控工作所采取的一系列举措,分析了存在的问题,并针对性提出了防控措施。     

陕西秦岭地区松材线虫病防控研究

随着我国经济发展速度的不断加快,人们对林业种植的重视度也在逐渐提升.因此,在开展林业种植工作时要根据林业种植区域的实际情况对种植结构进行调整,做好病虫害防治工作,以减少病虫害对林业的侵害.松材线虫病作为森林营林管理中常见病虫害之一,可以通过昆虫以及人为等方式进行传播.结合松材线虫病传播原理,探讨秦岭地区松材线虫病的具体...     

苏州松材线虫病发生与防治

松材线虫病是松树的一种毁灭性，传播性病害，上有发病地快，潜伏浸染时间长，危害大，防治难等特点。１９９５年１０月，苏州首次发现松材线虫病害以来，通过采取积极有效的防治措施，取得了较好的效果，疫点基本扑灭，控制了松材线虫病的危害，保护了６０００ｈｍ＾２松林的安全。     

松兰山景区松材线虫病综合治理研究

研究分析了浙江宁波市象山松兰山景区松材线虫病发生规律与防治效果。结果表明：只采取“封锁”措施，会使松材线虫病迅速爆发毁灭全林。从1992年到1998年，松兰山枯死松树从6株增到5893l株，增长了9820．8倍；采用皆伐松林防治松材线虫病并改造成板栗、杨梅的方法，会导致逆向演替，使松林最后成为以疏花野青茅为主的荒山。而采取综合防治措施就可有效地控制松材线虫病的危害。从1998年到2002年，松兰山枯死松树下降到137株，缩小了430倍，使松兰山仍然保持着葱郁的松林群落。     

重灾区松材线虫病的治理试验

松材线虫病近距离传播是由松褐天牛自然扩散完成的。通过人工清理病死木结合化学防治,在中心疫区保住了1块松林。实践证明,人工清理后通过有效保护措施,能够控制松材线虫病。     

保松灵（PEM）农药防治松材线虫病试验

试验表明，用３个类型保松灵在松树不同部位作低量喷雾能有效地抑制松材线虫病危害。喷洒保松灵的松树平均枯死率为２．３１％，比对照区松平均枯死率３６．３％净降３４％，经频率差异检验，Ｕ＝１６．５〉Ｕ０．０１＝２．５８，达到极显著水平。这个结果优于日本松材线虫病地面喷雾主药ＭＥＰ在象山试验的结果，而且用水量只为日本药的１／１０，平均每公顷农药成本只为日本药的１／３８。     

用PP袋+肿腿蜂等防治松材线虫病技术试验

用PP袋能有效地阻断松墨天牛传播松材线虫病。把病死松木放入PP袋 ,次年只有 2 98%松墨天牛成虫能咬破PP袋而逃逸 ;PP袋 PEM农药 ,对松墨天牛成虫的阻断率达到 10 0 % ;PP袋 肿腿蜂对松墨天牛的阻断率也达到 10 0 % ,同时 ,该方法能促使肿腿蜂种群在林内增殖扩大     

Management of pine wilt disease in Korea through preventative silvicultural control

Pine wilt disease (PWD) represents a major threat to forest ecosystems worldwide. Although PWD is now better understood, effective control measures for this disease have still not been devised. Here, we report several years of field studies on preventative silvicultural control of PWD. Silvicultural control through preventative clear-cutting and the manual removal of logs was implemented between 2005 and 2009 in 16 Korean districts that had newly PWD-infected stands. Preventative clear-cutting of neighboring asymptomatic pine trees (within a 10-50-m radius of wilt trees) and the removal of felled logs or branches suppressed spread of PWD. Occurrences of PWD wilt pines in districts (city or county) subjected to this silvicultural control method were significantly reduced compared with those in districts using conventional controls (physical or chemical treatment of wilt pine trees). Through silvicultural control, PWD was successfully suppressed in 11 of 16 districts investigated. In contrast, successful control was achieved in only 1 among 18 districts subjected to conventional control. Our results will be of considerable interest to those engaged in the very difficult battle against the global spread of PWD.     

Role of asymptomatic carrier trees in epidemic spread of pine wilt disease

To determine why pine wilt disease caused by the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) recurs in the same pine stand even after thorough eradication of dead pine trees, the amount of oleoresin exudation from artificial wounds was measured from 72 Pinus koraiensis trees, highly susceptible to this disease, for 4 years. The amount of exuded oleoresin was rated from 0 to 4. All values obtained for each tree were summed at each measurement; thereby a cumulative curve was drawn to monitor the physiological condition of each test tree. Cumulative curves suggest that some pine trees that died had already been infected in the previous year or earlier and then had survived without any visible symptoms. If cessation of oleoresin exudation delays, and overlaps with activity of Monochamus alternatus, the vector beetle of pinewood nematodes, in the following season, such trees can be referred to as latent carriers or asymptomatic carriers. They could play a significant role as attractants for M. alternatus that could then transmit B. xylophilus to neighboring trees. Behavior of M. alternatus caged with several pine seedlings, only one of which acted as an asymptomatic carrier of B. xylophilus, confirmed this idea. The presence of asymptomatic pine trees, which harbored B. xylophilus nematodes or had reduced annual elongation, near stumps of newly dead trees in the study stand also substantiated this hypothesis.     

Comparison of stand dynamics after dieback caused by pine wilt disease among pine forests with different management regimes in western Japan

In pine forests damaged by pine wilt disease, in western Japan, the effect of protection regimes of pine trees on the stand dynamics were examined in the following four stands: (1) lightly damaged stand (age 30–40 years) with no procedure in operation for protecting pine trees; (2) severely damaged stand (age 30–40 years) with no procedure in place for protecting pine trees; (3) severely damaged stand (age 50 years) with a selective cutting of infected trees; (4) severely damaged stand (age 30–40 years) with a selective cutting of infected trees. All the stands had been abandoned before the pine wilt disease damage. The understory structure of the severely damaged stand with no protection procedure was similar to that of the lightly damaged stand. Frequent invasion by tree species and acceleration in the growth of understory trees occurred after the dieback in the selective cutting stand. These results suggest that a deficiency in the canopy layer caused by the dieback resulted in low disturbance intensity in the early stages after the dieback, but the selective cutting increased the intensity by the reduction in the understory as well as the canopy layer. The intensity of the disturbance in the selective cutting stands was larger in the younger stand because it had a higher density of selectively cut pine trees. The different stand structure of pine forests occurred after the dieback because the intensity of the disturbance varied as a result of the selective cutting operation and the stand age.     

湖南省松材线虫病的预警及防控措施

该文分析了湖南省松材线虫病的发生背景,介绍了湖南省松材线虫病监测预警的方法和防控措施,并从实际出发对松材线虫病防治提出了建议.     

湖北大别山五针松资源及保护

大别山五针松为中国大别山区特有树种,属国家Ⅰ级保护植物。本调查对湖北大别山自然保护区的大别山五针松资源现状、生境、种群特征及保护现状进行了调查,并提出了针对性保护举措和发展建议。     

防治松萎蔫病的新策略及林间防效初报

在松萎蔫病是由松材线虫与其携带的致病细菌诱导的一种复合侵染病害的新学说的指导下,根据松萎蔫病在疫区病树呈聚集分布,提出了防治松萎蔫病的新策略,即利用我们研究开发防治松萎蔫病的新药剂α-三噻吩与杀细菌剂恶喹酸对在以病死树中心周围半径50 m的范围内所有寄主树进行注干处理。经过2010—2011年在面积近20 hm2的处理黑松林地的防治试验,至2011年12月已经取得了良好的防效。处理林地中没有再发生病死树,对照区内却有24株病死树。防治仍在继续,新结果将继续报道。