共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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《中国瓜菜》2017,(3)
以植物生长调节剂CPPU(氯吡脲)为对照,研究了CPPU处理、人工授粉和蜜蜂授粉3种坐果方式对西瓜果实产量和品质的影响。结果表明,采用蜜蜂授粉的西瓜商品果率、商品果产量显著高于CPPU处理,分别提高了11.76%和14.99%。采用蜜蜂授粉和人工授粉的西瓜果实品质无显著差异,但蜜蜂授粉的商品果率和商品果产量显著高于人工授粉,分别提高了5.56%和19.27%。采用CPPU处理的西瓜果皮硬度显著高于蜜蜂授粉和人工授粉,其果皮亮度L值最小,果肉硬度和质地最大,可溶性固形物含量和口感等级最低。与蜜蜂授粉相比较,CPPU处理的西瓜果实可溶性固形物含量和口感分级分别下降了5.03%和8.21%。采用蜜蜂授粉坐果的西瓜果实可溶性固形物含量、固酸比和口感最佳。因此,设施栽培条件下采用蜜蜂授粉坐果效果最佳,其果实产量最高,品质也最好,可替代人工授粉和CPPU处理坐果,值得在设施西瓜栽培中推广应用。 相似文献
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蜜蜂授粉对浙东地区甜瓜品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国瓜菜》2016,(8):31-33
为了探究蜜蜂授粉对甜瓜品质的影响,采用意大利蜜蜂为设施甜瓜授粉,授粉期间调查大棚内温湿度变化情况,采收后考察甜瓜坐果率、畸形果率、单果质量、果肉厚度、中心糖和边缘糖含量。结果显示,在设施内温度达到46.21℃时,蜜蜂仍能完成授粉工作。蜜蜂授粉的甜瓜平均单蔓坐果数和平均畸形果率分别为3.84个和5.75%,分别较人工授粉的高1.80个和低8.36%,甜瓜蜜蜂授粉果实品质与人工授粉无显著差异。表明蜜蜂可以代替人工完成授粉工作,且不会影响果实品质,适合设施甜瓜早春和夏秋季栽培授粉。 相似文献
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《中国瓜菜》2016,(5)
以西瓜品种‘早佳’(8424)为试验材料,采用中华蜜蜂授粉、人工授粉和激素处理(氯吡脲处理)3种坐果方式,研究不同坐果方式对设施长季节栽培西瓜产量和品质的影响。3年的试验结果表明,蜜蜂授粉西瓜的单瓜质量比人工授粉和激素处理西瓜略小,但是蜜蜂授粉通过增加西瓜商品瓜数提高了西瓜的产量,蜜蜂授粉西瓜平均667 m~2产量比人工授粉处理增加2.68%,比激素处理增加9.60%。在品质方面,蜜蜂授粉极显著地降低了西瓜畸形率,蜜蜂授粉、人工授粉和激素处理西瓜在整个收获期平均畸形率分别为13.54%、19.16%和25.90%。蜜蜂授粉后西瓜中心和边部可溶性固形物含量都高于人工授粉和激素处理,蜜蜂授粉西瓜的平均边部可溶性固形物含量达到9.72%,平均中心可溶性固形物含量达到11.51%。因此中华蜜蜂是适合设施长季节栽培西瓜的授粉蜂种,可以达到增加产量和提高品质的目的。 相似文献
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正导读:皖北江淮地区突破传统甜瓜种植模式,利用早春设施进行厚皮甜瓜的简约化栽培,提高了经济效益。该技术的关键环节为嫁接育苗及蜜蜂辅助授粉,嫁接栽培提高了植株的抗性,蜜蜂辅助授粉提高了果实品质。甜瓜是世界十大水果之一,分为薄皮甜瓜和厚皮甜瓜两大生态类型,其中厚皮甜瓜果实品质优、耐贮运,早春设施栽培厚皮甜瓜效益相对较高[1]。蚌埠市年种植甜瓜面积1 000 hm~2以上,但因为缺少 相似文献
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《中国瓜菜》2016,(10):10-15
以植物生长调节剂氯吡脲(CPPU)为对照,研究了设施栽培下CPPU、人工授粉和蜜蜂授粉3种坐果方式对西瓜果实挥发性物质的影响。结果表明,人工授粉和蜜蜂授粉明显增加了挥发性物质的种类和含量,分别由CPPU处理的65种增加到68和75种,相对含量从96.66%增加到98.71%和99.98%,其中人工授粉下醇类物质增加的幅度较大,相对含量从10.60%增加到15.43%,主要增加的物质是(S)-1,2-丙二醇和(Z)-3-壬烯醇;蜜蜂授粉明显增加了醇类、酮类、酯类和烯类物质的相对含量,分别从10.60%,22.53%,0.35%,0.07%增加到22.87%,25.53%,1.07%,3.86%,主要增加的物质是(S)-1,2-丙二醇、(Z)-3-壬烯醇、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、6,10-二甲基-5,9-十一碳双烯-2-酮、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和右旋萜二烯。与人工授粉比较,蜜蜂授粉下挥发性物质种类和相对含量明显增加。以上结果表明,人工授粉和蜜蜂授粉能明显提高西瓜果实挥发性物质的种类和含量,其中以蜜蜂授粉效果最佳,有助于提高果实品质。 相似文献
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以初果期库尔勒香梨为试验材料,采用人工点粉、液体授粉和干粉喷粉3种人工辅助授粉方式,研究了不同授粉技术对库尔勒香梨果实坐果率、果实品质以及授粉用工情况的影响及不同植物生长调节剂配方对库尔勒香梨果实产量及品质的影响,筛选出最佳的人工辅助授粉技术及最终确定不同植物生长调节剂最优配方,以期为库尔勒香梨提质增效提供参考依据。结果表明:不同人工辅助授粉技术对果形指数、总糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物等4个指标影响不显著,但可以显著提高库尔勒香梨的坐果率和产量,其中液体授粉效果最佳,从经济效益来看,液体授粉的花粉用量和人工成本显著低于人工点粉、干粉喷粉。喷施不同植物生长调节剂配方可以显著提高库尔勒香梨坐果率和产量,而配方处理2、处理7、处理8、处理9对库尔勒香梨的脱萼率、单果质量、可溶性固形物含量、总糖含量提高最为显著,处理8效果最佳,分别达到了75.83%、152.22g、15.00%、10.97%。 相似文献
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不同授粉方式和品种对大棚翠冠梨着果及品质的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究大棚栽培环境下不同授粉方式和品种对翠冠梨着果率和果实品质的影响。结果表明,不同授粉方式以人工点授效果最好,着果率达到96%,果形大,果实内饱满种子多;100倍和250倍花粉悬浮液液体授粉的着果率分别为69.2%和50.1%,除250倍花粉悬浮液液体授粉的单果重显著下降外,其他品质指标均无显著差异,也能满足大棚梨生产上的需要。雪花梨是翠冠梨大棚栽培优良的授粉品种,表现为着果率高、果形大、可溶性固形物含量和固酸比高等优点。 相似文献
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猕猴桃授粉方式筛选 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以红心猕猴桃为试材,设置了5种不同的授粉方式,研究不同授粉方式对红心猕猴桃坐果率、果实外观性状、内在品质及产量的影响,以期为猕猴桃优质高产技术研究提供参考。结果表明:在5种授粉方式中,人工点粉处理猕猴桃的坐果率和单株产量达到最高值,分别为77.12%和30.50kg;从果实外观来看,3号花粉悬浮液(白砂糖2g·L-1+硼酸1g·L-1+琼脂2g·L-1+0.2g·L-1吲哚丁酸+花粉2g·L-1)喷雾授粉果实的横径和单果质量的最大,分别为5.17cm、85.70g;从果实内在品质来看,可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量最高的处理为人工点粉处理,分别为17.2%和0.82%,而总糖含量和维生素C含量最高的处理为1号花粉悬浮液喷雾处理,分别为13.28%和1.12mg·g-1。综合分析可知,利用人工喷雾等器械授粉能更好地节约生产成本,提高猕猴桃的坐果率,增加产量,有效改善果实的外观性状和内在品质,因此认为1号花粉悬浮液(白砂糖2g·L-1+硼酸1g·L-1+琼脂2g·L-1+花粉2g·L-1)处理更适宜用于猕猴桃大面积大规模生产。 相似文献
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Effects of pollen-load on fruit yield,seed production and germination in melons,cucumbers and squash
Haim Nerson 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):560-566
SummaryFour cultivars of each of three cucurbit species were used to examine the effects of pollen-load (i.e., the number of pollen grains deposited on the stigma of pistillate flowers) on fruit-set, seed-set, and germinability (i.e., germination percentage and germination rate) in four greenhouse experiments. Increasing pollen-load increased the number of fruit per plant in the four melon cultivars over two growing seasons, and in two non-parthenocarpic cucumbers, but had no effect on all four squash cultivars. In most cases, increasing pollen-load increased the number of fully-developed seeds, decreased the percentage of empty seeds, and tended to decrease mean seed weights. On average, melons produced 2.2 fruits per plant in the Winter, and only 0.9 fruits per plant in the Autumn. In contrast, melons produced 275 fully-developed seeds per fruit in the Autumn, but only 57 seeds in the Winter. Mean melon seed weight was higher in Autumn, and the sum of all seed yield component effects resulted a significantly higher seed yield per plant in the Autumn. Germinability of melon seeds from the Autumn season, and of squash seeds from the Winter season, were not significantly affected by pollen-load treatment. These data are contrary to the theory that microgametophyte competition has a positive effect on the vigour of the progeny. The lower germinability of melon seeds obtained by passive pollination (i.e., self-pollination in covered flowers) may be due to the fact that pollination without insect or human interference yielded only a few seeds per fruit, and, under such circumstances, there may be a survival advantage for slow and distributed germination. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(2):37-44
ABSTRACT Two artificial pollination field trials were carried out in Central Chile (32°S. Lat.) during the 1999-2000 season with ‘Hay-ward’ kiwifruit plants (Actinidia deliciosa (Chev.) Liang et Ferguson). The treatments for both trials used pollen collected from ‘Matua’ and included: flower to flower hand pollination; hand pollination using a velvet pad attached to a handle; and mechanical pollination using a portable pollen (1:1, pollen: licopodium) dusting machine; and a control treatment without artificial pollination. Trial 1 did not include bee hives as did Trial 2. In Trial 2, half of the selected shoots in each plant were isolated from bee pollination by means of a light fabric bag. A block design with 5 replications of one plant each was used in Trial 1, while in Trial 2 a fully random split plot (with and without isolation) with 5 replications was used. In both trials, flower to flower and pad pollination increased fruit set, fruit size, seeds and fertilized locules per fruit. Mechanical pollination also increased these variables but to a lesser degree. In the split plot design carried out in the Trial 2, even though there was an interaction between isolation and pollination treatment, the supplementary bee pollination tended to increase fruit size, seeds and fertilized locules per fruit. 相似文献