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1.坝上长尾鸡的品种资源现状。
坝上长尾鸡属于草原柴鸡的一个类群.主产于河北省北部的承德、张家口两市的坝上地区.承德市重点分布在丰宁县的万胜永草原、骆驼沟、鱼儿山.围场县的御道口、老窝铺、燕格柏等乡镇。张家口市主要分布在张北、洁源、康保等县。坝上长尾鸡是在当地自然环境和社会条件下经过劳动人民长期选育形成的蛋用为主蛋肉兼用型品种。目前.仅丰宁、围场两县坝上主产区存栏大约有5万余只。坝上长尾鸡的主要品种特征是尾羽较长.公鸡有2-3根大翘尾.长45厘米以上.最长的可达60多厘米:母鸡尾羽上翘.主尾羽长约20-25厘米。 相似文献
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为研究坝上长尾鸡快慢羽基因对育成期体重与羽毛生长的影响,了解羽毛脱换规律,为饲养管理提供参考,对坝上长尾鸡快慢羽类型体重与尾羽长度进行了测定分析,观察了主翼羽、副翼羽、轴羽的脱换过程。结果表明,坝上长尾鸡育成期间快慢羽公鸡体重差异不显著,快羽母鸡的生长要早于慢羽母鸡,但育成结束时快慢羽鸡的体重并没有显著差异。育成期间快羽鸡主翼羽、副翼羽的更换要显著早于慢羽鸡,母鸡主翼羽、副翼羽的更换显著早于公鸡;8~14周龄主翼羽的更换速度比较快,而14周龄以后更换速度变慢,育成结束时快羽鸡仍有1~2根主翼羽未更换,慢羽鸡则有2~3根主翼羽未更换。育成期同系别母鸡的第一副翼羽和轴羽脱换要比公鸡早,同性别快羽鸡的第一副翼羽和轴羽脱换要比慢羽鸡早。坝上长尾鸡尾羽较长,育成前期快羽鸡的尾羽生长较快,而后期慢羽鸡的尾羽生长较快。 相似文献
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温州灵昆鸡的品种保护与开发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
温州灵昆鸡属蛋肉兼用型,是温州地区的优良地方品种,1960年被列为浙江省鸡的优良地方品种之一,1980年编入《浙江省畜禽品种志》,2003年编入《中国家禽地方品种资源图谱》,是数百年来当地劳动人民长期饲养与选育而成的浙江省优良地方品种之一。温州灵昆鸡是福建莆田鸡与温州本地土鸡的杂种后代,再与上海浦东鸡进行杂交,经长期选育,以"三黄(喙黄、羽黄及皮肤均呈黄色)为特征的体型大、成熟早、产蛋多、肉质好和适应性强的蛋肉兼用 相似文献
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坝上长尾鸡是河北省唯一被列入《中国畜禽遗传资源志》的地方家禽品种。为了更好地保护和开发利用坝上长尾鸡资源,本试验选取相同饲养管理条件下200日龄的该鸡种和海兰褐鸡各180只,每组随机分为5个重复,每个重复36只。在同一条件下常规饲养,于230日龄每组挑选10只鸡屠宰,对肌肉中主要营养成分进行了比较分析。结果显示:1)坝上长尾鸡肌肉中的粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量与海兰褐鸡相比差异不显著(P0.05)。2)2个鸡种间胸肌、腿肌中的必需氨基酸含量差异不显著(P0.05);坝上长尾鸡肌肉中的呈味氨基酸(谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸)含量显著高于海兰褐鸡(P0.05),腿肌中的苦味氨基酸——苯丙氨酸含量显著低于海兰褐鸡(P0.05)。3)坝上长尾鸡腿肌中的不饱和脂肪酸、饱和脂肪酸和总脂肪酸含量显著低于海兰褐鸡(P0.05);坝上长尾鸡腿肌中的花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量显著高于海兰褐鸡(P0.05)。4)坝上长尾鸡胸肌中的镁(P0.01)和铁(P0.05)含量显著或极显著高于海兰褐鸡,腿肌中的钠(P0.05)、镁(P0.01)和铁(P0.05)的含量显著或极显著高于海兰褐鸡。由此可见,坝上长尾鸡和海兰褐鸡的肌肉均品质优良,且坝上长尾鸡肌肉品质优于海兰褐鸡。 相似文献
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本试验旨在分析钙调素(Calmodulin,CAM)基因启动子区域碱基多态性与京海黄鸡产蛋性状和鸡蛋蛋壳质量性状间的关系。采用PCR-SSCP法检测京海黄鸡CAM基因启动子区域碱基多态性。结果表明:京海黄鸡CAM基因启动子区域有3个SNPs(G326A、A327G、C366T),PCR扩增产物SSCP出现6种基因型:AA、AB、AC、BB、BC和CC。AA基因型个体的300日龄产蛋数和66周龄产蛋数显著高于BB型个体(P<0.05)。AA型个体的蛋壳强度和蛋壳重显著小于AB、BB、AC和BC型个体(P<0.05)。CAM基因座对京海黄鸡300日龄蛋重、蛋型指数、蛋壳强度和壳重百分率的主效应指数(MEI)均大于3%。初步推断CAM基因座可能是影响京海黄鸡产蛋数和蛋壳质量性状重要候选基因。 相似文献
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试验采用高碘酸钠法合成了磺胺二甲嘧啶的人工SMZ-BSA和SMZ-OVA,紫外扫描和SDS-PAGE电泳鉴定证明抗原耦联成功。在此基础上,建立间接竞争ELISA法,将磺胺二甲嘧啶添加到鸡蛋和鸡肉样品中,分别用ELISA和高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法检测。结果表明,在0.1~50 ng/mL浓度范围内,方法的检测灵敏度IC10=0.18 ng/mL。鸡蛋实际样品的检出限可达到2.0 ng/g,鸡肉实际样品检出限可达到5.0 ng/g。研究建立的ELISA方法与HPLC方法具有较高的相符性,可用于鸡蛋与鸡肉样品中磺胺二甲嘧啶残留含量分析的大量样品的筛查。 相似文献
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研究旨在探讨思州鸡骨形态发生蛋白15(BMP15)第1外显子多态性及其与蛋品质的相关性。采用PCR产物直接测序法检测思州鸡BMP15基因第1外显子测序,将测序结果用DNAStar软件校正;利用Excel 2007统计基因型频率数据,并进行卡方适合性检验;通过SPSS 18.0软件对BMP15基因不同基因型与思州鸡蛋品质间的关联性进行分析。结果显示,思州鸡BMP15基因第1外显子存在4个SNPs位点:397C/T、473A/G、603C/T和612C/T,均处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态(P<0.05);397C/T和603C/T位点的多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.3488和0.3299,属于中度多态(0.25 < PIC < 0.5),473A/G与612C/T位点的PIC分别为0.1527和0.2075,属于低度多态(PIC<0.25)。关联性分析结果表明,397C/T位点对思州鸡蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋黄重均有显著影响(P<0.05);473A/G、603C/T位点对思州鸡蛋品质指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);612C/T位点对思州鸡蛋长径有显著影响(P<0.05),提示BMP15基因第1外显子对鸡蛋品质中蛋白高度、蛋长径具有较大的遗传效应。结果表明,BMP15基因可能是影响思州鸡蛋品质的基因之一,可作为思州鸡蛋白高度、蛋长径等蛋品质性状的分子标记。 相似文献
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Fertility after insemination of cryopreserved boar semen is currently below that of fresh semen. In an attempt to improve the post-thaw motility and acrosome integrity of boar sperm, semen was frozen using an adapted Westendorf method in which the chicken egg yolk was replaced by either duck or quail egg yolk. The different composition of the yolk types, particularly the amount of cholesterol, fatty acids and phospholipids, were thought to potentially afford a greater level of protection to sperm against damage during freezing and thawing. Sperm frozen in medium containing chicken egg yolk displayed higher motility immediately after thawing, but there was no difference in the motility of sperm frozen with different types of egg yolk 3 or 6 h after thawing and maintenance at 37 degrees C. Sperm frozen in media containing chicken or duck egg yolk had a higher proportion of intact acrosomes immediately after thawing than sperm frozen in medium containing quail egg yolk, but 6 h after thawing and maintenance at 37 degrees C the sperm that had been frozen in medium containing chicken egg yolk had a higher proportion of intact acrosomes than the sperm frozen in media containing duck or quail egg yolk. Analysis of the composition of the different yolk types showed that the basic components of the yolks were similar, but the ratios of fatty acids and phospholipid classes differed. Duck egg yolk had more monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) than chicken egg yolk, which had more MUFA than quail egg yolk. Duck egg yolk contained more phosphotidylinositol (PI) than chicken or quail egg yolks and quail egg yolk contained more phosphotidylserine than either chicken or duck egg yolks. The differences in post-thaw motility and acrosome integrity of boar sperm when frozen in media containing the different types of egg yolk may be due to the variation in composition. 相似文献
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LV Xue-ze JIA Ya-xiong HU Yan-peng ZHAO Chun-ying LI Xing-min CHEN Ji-lan CHEN Yu 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(9):2441-2446
The purpose of this study was to explore differences of the Beijing-You chicken product quality between different dactyly.Through the production performance,egg quality and meat characteristics comparative analysis research,we could get the correlation between the Beijing-You chicken polydactyly characteristic and its product quality.So this research could provide the reference to characteristic breeding and the development of the product quality of Beijing-You chicken.In this test,we selected Beijing-You chicken (for meat and eggs),and divided into 3 groups (four-toed (4F),single five toes (SF) and double five toes (DF)) with 4 replicates per guoup and 60 hens per replicate, 720 hens totally.Then,the production performance (weight,laying rate and egg weight),egg quality (haugh unit) and muscle quality (pH,waterholding capacity,shear force,TPA,andnucleotide metabolites) were determined,respectively.The results showed that the weight of DF Beijing-You chicken in 120 days and 240 days of age were slightly higher than that of 4F and SF Beijing-You chicken,but no significant difference (P>0.05);The egg weight of DF Beijing-You chicken in 160 days of age was significantly higher than other Beijing-You chicken (P<0.05).As for DF Beijing-You chicken,the waterholding capacity in leg muscles was better than the other types (P<0.05),hardness,conglutination and chewing of leg muscle were significantly lower than other types (P<0.05),while the cohesiveness and elasticity were significantly higher than other toe types (P<0.05).The shear force in leg muscles of DF and SF Beijing-You chickens were significantly higher than other types (P<0.05),the flavor substance shared no difference between different dactyly Beijing-You chicken (P>0.05).The performance of body weight and egg weigh of DF Beijing-You chicken were superior than 4F and SF Beijing-You chicken in the early stage,but had no significant difference.In addition,the muscle quality of different dactyly Beijing-You chicken had their own advantages,overall,the correlation between leg muscle quality and different dactyly was greater than the brisket. 相似文献