基于ANSYS的脱粒滚筒模态分析

脱粒滚筒是联合收割机工作时做旋转运动且质量较大的部件,所以其工作时的最大变形量和固有频率的大小直接关系到脱粒滚筒功能的实现和是否会发生共振的问题。运用三维设计软件PRO/E建立脱粒滚筒的实体模型,并将其导入到有限元分析软件ANSYS中进行模态分析,提取其前六阶固有频率,并与脱粒滚筒工作转速进行比较,计算出脱粒滚筒工作时的危险转速范围;查看其可能存在的最大变形,以判断是否会与周围零部件发生干涉。最后的分析结果表明,该设计已经初步达到设计目的,并有继续改进提高的空间。同时,该分析结果也为后续的试验及改进提供依据。     

甘蔗装车机机架振动模态分析

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立甘蔗装车机机架的有限元模型,进行模态分析,结果表明机架的四阶固有频率35.39Hz,与柴油机工作转速下产生的激振力基频33Hz接近,易产生共振。     

T2120深孔钻镗床主轴动态特性仿真与试验

运用有限元分析方法对T2120深孔钻镗床主轴进行模态分析,分析得到该机床主轴的前六阶固有频率和振型,计算出临界转速,验证了该主轴工作转速的合理性。并通过与该主轴激振试验中固有频率的对比,证明有限元分析法的合理性。模态分析和激振试验都得出该主轴设计的合理性,也得出ANSYS软件对T2120深孔钻镗床主轴进行有限元分析的可行性,为该主轴进一步动态分析提供依据。     

整体式圆锯片的设计与有限元分析

针对沙生灌木切割时存在的变形、振动等问题,设计并建立了整体式圆锯片的有限元模型,采用ANSYS软件对其进行静力分析和模态分析,得到圆锯片在转速1910r/min下的应力、变形分布云图以及前4阶固有频率和振型.分析表明:圆锯片最大变形为4.0210-2mm,相对结构尺寸可忽略,工作应力最大为11.313MPa,远小于材料的屈服极限785MPa;最低固有频率为299.2Hz,远高于圆锯片的转动角频率,其工作稳定可靠,具有良好的动态特性.     

小型电动割草机刀盘变形试验分析与仿真

割草机刀盘的旋转变形是导致其产生机械振动噪声的主要因素之一。利用高速数码摄像机分别拍摄了割草机刀盘在无保护端盖和有保护端盖状态下的旋转变形图像,获得了刀盘的高速旋转变形曲线,分析了产生变形的原因;并在试验的基础上建立了刀盘的有限元模型,通过ANSYS分析软件,模拟了刀盘的径向变形情况,分析了径向变形与刀盘结构和电动机转速之间的关系。减小刀盘大孔面积能使刀盘最大径向位移减小(在12.000r/min时,减小约30%);维持电动机转速在8.000r/min左右,可使最大径向位移不超过0.2mm,刀盘运转平稳。     

基于ANSYSWorkbench的木质物料粉碎机刀盘装置模态分析

简要介绍了木质物料粉碎机的工作原理,利用三维软件SolidWorks对木质物料粉碎机刀盘装置进行实体建模,再将模型通过导入有限元分析软件ANSYSWorkbench,建立有限元模型,对有限元模型进行有限元网格划分处理,添加约束并进行模态分析,得出刀盘装置其6阶固有振型和频率,分析出薄弱环节,提出有关优化措施。     

碎草输草撒菌一体化割草机的设计与仿真

为解决生草制果园管理过程中草被割下后散落在地表的问题,设计一种果园割草机。该割草机可对已割的草进行收集,将其输送到果树根部周围,并加入菌种以缩短腐熟周期。对割草机的刀盘转速、切割功率及风机相关参数进行计算,刀盘转速为3 160 r/min,切割功率为11.5 kW,风机风量为691 m~3/h,风机功率为0.73 kW。利用ANSYS Workbench软件对刀盘进行模态分析,一阶模态固有频率为250.4 Hz,远大于刀盘的工作频率,作业稳定可靠。利用EDEM软件对出草口调节板角度θ=0°、5°、10°、15°和出草口速度V=15 m/s、20 m/s、25 m/s、30 m/s的情况进行离散元分析,结果表明:出草口调节板角度θ=10°且出草口速度V=20 m/s时,碎草在果树周围分布更加集中,满足堆肥腐熟要求。     

基于ANSYS Workbench的马铃薯茎叶清理装置模态分析

运用三维造型软件Pro/E绘制了一种牵引式马铃薯联合收获机茎叶清理装置的实体图,应用ANSYSWorkbench有限元分析软件,对其建立有限元网格模型,进行有限元约束处理,通过对清叶装置进行模态分析,得到了清叶装置前6阶的振型图.通过对振型图的分析可以发现;清叶装置的前6阶振动固有频率随着阶次的增大而增加,其中第1阶和第2阶主振型由沿轴向窜动、绕轴向转动和切刀刀片左右摆动组成;第3阶到第6阶各阶频率比较接近,其主振型为切刀刀片左右摆动.通过模态分析,确定了前6阶振动固有频率范围内的各阶模态特性.同时,也为其它动态特性的分析,如谐响应分析、瞬态动力学分析等提供了前期基础.     

基于ANSYS的柔性脱粒齿弹性振动分析

为减少脱粒过程中的破损率,获得更好的脱粒效果,对柔性杆齿脱粒过程中的弹性振动进行分析。基于Timoshenko Beam理论建立柔性脱粒齿自由弯曲振动的微分方程,通过ANSYS软件对其模态进行数值计算与模拟,得到其前几阶固有频率与振型。计算柔性脱粒杆齿直径、齿长对其一阶固有频率的影响,分析柔性脱粒齿对打击力激励的响应,得到在脱粒滚筒转速及喂入速度一定的条件下,有利于脱粒的齿长和齿直径。当脱粒齿直径为75mm,直径分别为4mm、6mm、8mm时,最佳的滚筒转速分别为631r/min、561r/min及650r/min。     

基于Simulation的高速齿轮轴有限元模态分析

通过模态分析软件solidworks Simulation对高速齿轮轴进行有限元模态分析,从而得到其低阶固有频率和主振型的有限元模型,将有效预估高速齿轮轴的振动特性。分析其结果表明,该高速齿轮轴的前2阶、3阶固有频率与齿轮啮合频率接近,齿轮轴将发生共振。文章研究了影响齿轮轴的主要激振来源等因素后,提出了具体的增强高速齿轮轴抗振性的措施,使高速齿轮轴的固有频率远离其齿轮啮合的固有频率,并为齿轮轴类零件的动力学特性的进一步改进提供了有一定的参考价值和指导意义。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。