牛病毒性腹泻诊断及防治

现阶段牛养殖业的规模逐渐扩大,但动物传染病的发生给养殖户带来经济损失。牛病毒性腹泻属于常见传染病,症状表现复杂,传染性、病死率高,主要是通过直接接触或者间接接触传播。养殖人员需全面掌握疾病诊断方法,通过症状分析、病毒检测等手段,提高疾病诊断的准确性,便于及时采取有效的隔离、治疗措施,同时重视免疫接种、饲养管理等,进一步减少疾病感染的可能性。     

牛犊腹泻的诊断及治疗

犊牛腹泻是指肠蠕动亢进,肠内吸收不全,或呼吸困难,致使与多量水分被排除体外的一种犊牛疾病,其临床特点是粪便稀汤状,病牛脱水,酸中毒,死亡较快.其特点是不具有传染性,但一般都有群发的特点.     

犊牛绿脓杆菌腹泻的诊断和防治报告

一、发病情况:1985年10月上旬接回29头犊牛,先后发生病原不明的以血痢努责、体温升高、食欲降低或废绝为主要症状的严重胃肠道疾病。其他牛舍也有类似症状散发感染的犊牛。经用常规药物如痢特灵、黄连素、氯霉素、土霉素、庆大霉素、磺胺类药物等进行治疗,疗效都不佳。最后全群都被感染。     

牛病毒性腹泻——黏膜病的诊断和防治

牛病毒性腹泻—黏膜病是一种由黏膜病病毒引起的疾病,这种疾病主要表现为患病牛出现黏膜糜烂发炎以及黏膜坏死和患病牛出现腹泻.牛病毒性腹泻—黏膜病又被称作牛病毒性腹泻或者牛黏膜病,是一种严重危害我国养牛业的传染病之一.     

牛病毒性腹泻诊断与防治研究进展

近年来,牛病毒性腹泻在世界范围内广泛流行,给养牛业造成了严重的经济损失。该病严重损害牛群的免疫机能和繁殖机能,传播速度快,死亡率高。本文主要从诊断方法、防治措施等方面对该病进行综述,以期为牛病毒性腹泻的防治提供参考。     

犊牛腹泻的综合诊断与防治

在奶牛养殖中，犊牛腹泻是一种常见的疾病，其病因复杂如不及时治疗常会造成犊牛的死亡，给养殖户带来不小的损失。笔者结合学习体会和临床诊疗经验而成此文，希望有助于畜牧兽医工作者在临床上参考。     

Experimental Diagnosis,Prevention and Treatment of Calf Diarrhea Caused by Salmonella

This study was aimed to explore the pathogenesis of calf diarrhea in a large scale dairy farm in Shanxi province and the correspond comprehensive prevention and control measures. By investigating the incidence of calf diarrhea in the field, rotavirus, coronavirus,E. coli F5 (K99),Cryptosporidium parvum, coccidia and Salmonella were detected through experimental diagnosis, and the suspicious pathogenic bacteria was isolated and cultivated,which was identified with morphology and serology, simultaneously sensitive antibiotics were screened according to the antibiotic susceptibility tests, which contained 18 kinds of common antibiotics. The results showed that the clinical diagnosis and laboratory tests basically ruled out the possibility of E. coli F5 (K99), rotavirus, coronavirus, Cryptosporidium parvumand coccidia infection, and the isolated suspected bacteria had Salmonella colony characteristics and bacterial morphology, which showed positive reaction to Salmonella O polyvalent A-F serum, so we had identified that it was Salmonella diarrhea.The antibiotic susceptibility tests results showed that Salmonella was highly sensitive to ceftriaxone, gentamicin, cephradine and amikacin, which could be recommended for clinical treatment. Above all, this study proposed the specific prevention and treatment of the disease, and better control effect was achieved. This study initially provided a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of Salmonella of calf diarrhea, with great clinical significance in the early diagnosis and treatment of pathogens of calf diarrhea.     

由沙门氏菌引起的犊牛腹泻病的实验室诊断及防治

为了探究山西某规模化奶牛场犊牛腹泻病的发病原因及相应的综合防治措施,本研究通过对该场犊牛腹泻病发病情况进行调查,同时对可疑病原轮状病毒、冠状病毒、大肠杆菌F5（K99）、小球隐孢子虫、沙门氏菌进行实验室检测,分离并培养了可疑病原菌,并对该病原菌进行形态学和血清学鉴定,选取18种常见抗生素,通过药敏试验筛选对该菌敏感的抗生素。结果显示,经临床诊断和实验室检测基本排除大肠杆菌F5（K99）、轮状病毒、冠状病毒、小球隐孢子虫和球虫感染的可能性,分离的可疑菌具有沙门氏菌的菌落特征和细菌形态,并与沙门氏菌O多价血清A-F呈现阳性反应,确诊该病原主要为沙门氏菌。药敏试验结果显示,所分离的沙门氏菌对头孢曲松、庆大霉素、头孢拉定、阿米卡星等药物高度敏感,可推荐用于临床治疗。结合以上结果,本研究提出该病的具体防治措施,并取得了较好的防治效果。本研究初步为犊牛腹泻病中沙门氏菌病的诊断和防治提供了参考,对犊牛腹泻病病原的早期诊断和治疗具有重要的临床意义。     

山区牛场寄生虫病调查及防治措施

根据调查方案和流行病学特点,采取随机采样、粪检、屠宰检验和镜检等方法,对宁化县张某牛场牛感染寄生虫的情况进行初步调查。调查结果表明：不同季节、不同日龄的牛都不同程度感染不同类群的寄生虫,通过调查进而探讨牛寄生虫病的防治措施。     

某规模化养殖场猪流行性腹泻急性病例报告

猪流行性腹泻是由猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)引起的高度接触性肠道传染病,临床以仔猪呕吐、严重腹泻、高死亡率(产房仔猪达到100%)为主要特征,随着PEDV毒株的变异及其规模化猪场的扩张,猪场布局密度日益扩大,猪流行性腹泻在猪场已经成为常态化,尤其在冬春季节更为严重,对养殖场造成的损失严重,笔者处理了一起规模化猪场的的腹泻案例,在此分享供大家参考借鉴。     

固原黄牛养殖现状及常见病症分析和处理措施

固原肉牛产业是宁夏地区肉牛的核心区域,固原黄牛产业是固原地区脱贫攻坚的支柱产业,因此本文对固原地区肉牛养殖的大体情况进行简单介绍,以及根据实地调研对肉牛养殖场种常见的犊牛腹泻和肺炎等疾病进行相关分析并给与防治建议。     

河北省犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌致病性及耐药性分析

为确定河北省犊牛腹泻大肠杆菌的致病性与耐药性,本研究对2018年1月至2019年6月期间从河北省石家庄、保定、承德、唐山、廊坊的部分肉牛场腹泻犊牛样品中分离到的50株大肠杆菌进行了致病性试验、药物敏感性试验、毒力基因和耐药基因检测。结果显示:50株分离菌均对小鼠具有致病性,致病菌占比100%(50/50)。毒力基因fyuA、irp2、eaeA、ler检出率分别为68.0%、66.0%、34.0%、34.0%。50株分离菌均对15种抗生素中的2种及以上表现为耐药,对10种及以上抗生素耐药的菌株占比达34%(17/50);分离菌对土霉素、磺胺对甲氧嘧啶、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、替米考星4种药物表现为高度耐药,耐药率分别为90%、90%、94%、100%。除四环素类tetD基因检出率为0外,其它耐药基因均有检出,其中四环素类tetC、氨基糖苷类aadA1、喹诺酮类gyrA、gyrB基因检测率高达100%。试验的50株大肠杆菌均具有较强的毒力和多重耐药性。本研究为河北省大肠杆菌所致犊牛腹泻病的防治提供了实验依据。     

新疆某牧场牛病毒性腹泻的诊断及防控

为了查明新疆某规模化牧场犊牛发病死亡的原因,本试验采用现场流行病学调查结合实验室检测方法进行研究。结果表明,该病的发病率为39.43％,病死率为32.14％,易感牛群主要是3月龄以内的犊牛,具有典型BVD症状,病理变化以消化道症状为主,病死牛肠道有大量出血点、肠黏膜溃疡、脱落、肠壁菲薄、胃肠道内容物中有大量气泡、肠系膜淋巴结肿大等;RT-PCR检测结果表明4份病死犊牛的肠组织、32份发病犊牛和3份（3/10）同群亚健康犊牛肠内容物核酸均为阳性;序列对比分析结果表明,该牧场感染的病毒为BVDV-1a型,与Genbank上登陆的部分BVDV-1型参考株的同源性为88.0％-98.4％,与部分BVDV-2型参考株的同源性为31.5％-43.7％;结合实验室检测及临床防控需求,牧场采取了净化阳性牛结合BVD-IBR二联疫苗免疫的方式有效地控制了该病的进一步发生。     

牛病毒性腹泻的诊断与治疗

为保障牛群的健康成长,应格外重视牛常见病毒性腹泻的诊治工作。对此,掌握牛病毒性腹泻的发病机理与临床症状表现,可更加精准地诊断出牛病毒性腹泻疾病,并做好相应的治疗;同时,牛群养殖人员与当地动物防疫部门应共同协作,从防治角度尽可能地降低牛病毒性腹泻发病率,保障牛群健康成长的同时也保障当地畜牧业的可持续发展。     

Effect of trehalose supplementation in milk replacer on the incidence of diarrhea and fecal microbiota in preweaned calves

Trehalose, a nonreducing disaccharide consisting of d-glucose with α,α-1,1 linkage, was evaluated as a functional material to improve the gut environment in preweaned calves. In experiment 1, 173 calves were divided into two groups; the trehalose group was fed trehalose at 30 g/animal/d with milk replacer during the suckling period, and the control group was fed nonsupplemented milk replacer. Medication frequency was lower in the trehalose group (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, calves (n = 20) were divided into two groups (control group [n = 10] and trehalose group [n = 10]) based on their body weight and reared under the same feeding regimens as in experiment 1. Fresh feces were collected from individual animals at the beginning of the trial (average age 11 d), 3 wk after trehalose feeding (experimental day 22), and 1 d before weaning, and the fecal score was recorded daily. Fecal samples were analyzed for fermentation parameters and microbiota. The fecal score was significantly lower in the trehalose group than in the control group in the early stage (at an age of 14 to 18 d; P < 0.05) of the suckling period. Calves fed trehalose tended to have a higher proportion of fecal butyrate on day 22 than calves in the control group (P = 0.08). Population sizes of Clostridium spp. were significantly lower (P = 0.036), whereas those of Dialister spp. and Eubacterium spp. tended to be higher in the feces of calves in the trehalose group on day 22 (P = 0.060 and P = 0.083). These observations indicate that trehalose feeding modulated the gut environment and partially contributed to the reduction in medication frequency observed in experiment 1.     

鸡传染性支气管炎诊断及综合防治

鸡传染性支气管炎是由传染性支气管炎病毒感染引发的一种急性呼吸道疾病,为防范鸡传染性支气管炎发生流行,需要养殖户掌握该种疾病的具体发病特点,并构建针对性的防控措施,降低发病率,保证养殖安全。该文主要分析鸡传染性支气管炎的诊断和综合防控。