犬弓首蛔虫雄虫cDNA文库构建及EST分析

为构建T.canis雄虫cDNA文库,采用Trizol法提取T.canis雄虫的总RNA,合成cDNA,连接到λTripEx2载体上,通过包装蛋白对连接产物的包装,接种到大肠杆菌XL-1-Blue中进行原始文库和扩增文库的滴度测定.经质量鉴定表明:初始文库的滴度为5.25×106 pfu·mL-1,扩增后文库的滴度为6.90×109 pfu ·mL-1.文库的插入片段大小在500～2 000 bp,平均片段大小为1 000 bp,重组率为99.47％.所有指标均显示已成功构建了T.canis雄虫的cDNA文库.利用该文库获得了189条5'有效表达序列标签(EST).对ESTs拼接后代表了101个Unigenes,含有27个Contigs和74个Singletons.其Unigenes在GenBank中的序列号为HO348195～HO348295.同源性分析检索到有56个Unigenes与已知基因同源,其中具有已知或推测功能的基因有40个,未知功能基因有16个,未比对上的基因45个.未比对上的基因与NR数据库中的蛋白序列没有任何意义的匹配,为研究中发现的新基因.这些结果为进一步开展犬弓首蛔虫功能基因及分子机制研究奠定了基础.     

桑树幼叶cDNA文库的构建及部分表达序列标签分析

基于为鉴定和克隆桑树功能基因提供基础信息的目的,采用RNA转录5′末端转换(SMART)法构建了桑树幼叶全长cDNA文库。该文库容量为1.02×106pfu/mL,重组率95%,符合构建基因文库的质量要求。从构建的桑树幼叶cDNA文库中随机挑取48个克隆进行表达序列标签(EST)测序,有效序列为32条,经UniGene数据库归并后为32条,UniGene比率为100%;与NCBI核酸数据库进行比对、查询和注释,在32条序列中有29条序列具有同源性,其中16条为全长序列,完整性比率为55.2%;初步发现具有已知功能基因的ESTs 6个,具有推测功能基因的ESTs 5个,未命名或未知功能基因的ESTs 21个。     

家蚕幼虫性腺表达序列标签分析(英文)

分别以5龄幼虫的精巢和卵巢构建了2个家蚕cDNA文库.利用表达序列标签方法分析参与家蚕性腺发育的基因,通过测序获得 16 737条ESTs(精巢 8 407条,卵巢 8 330条),拼接这些ESTs共得到 2 107个重叠群(contig)和 3 532个单拷贝(singlet).将这些转录物与GenBank非冗余蛋白质库比较,结果显示约34.3%的基因与数据库中蛋白质具有相似性.功能注释表明蛋白质合成相关基因、精巢特异基因等在文库中大量存在.基因本体(gene ontology)功能分类显示精巢与卵巢基因表达谱差异较大.研究结果为理解家蚕性腺发育提供了信息.     

猪肌肉组织表达序列标签(ESTs)的分析

研究构建了民猪肌肉组织cDNA文库,并在文库中随机挑选克隆进行测序,获得107个高质量的ESTs。经生物信息学分析,所研究的107个ESTs中,有98个单一克隆,其中71个为人类及其他物种的同源序列,23个为猪的已知ESTs,4个为未知ESTs。对这4个未知ESTs进行开放阅读框预测并进行BLASTn分析,没有找到高度同源的氨基酸序列。对已知功能基因表达谱的构建和分析结果表明:最多的是未分类,占47.88%;然后依次是基因/蛋白表达占26.76%、细胞代谢占9.86%、细胞结构/迁移占8.45%、细胞/机体防御占4.23%和细胞信号/传导占2.82%。     

Gene discovery in Eimeria tenella by immunoscreening cDNA expression libraries of sporozoites and schizonts with chicken intestinal antibodies

Specific antibodies were produced ex vivo from intestinal culture of Eimeria tenella infected chickens. The specificity of these intestinal antibodies was tested against different parasite stages. These antibodies were used to immunoscreen first generation schizont and sporozoite cDNA libraries permitting the identification of new E. tenella antigens. We obtained a total of 119 cDNA clones which were subjected to sequence analysis. The sequences coding for the proteins inducing local immune responses were compared with nucleotide or protein databases and with expressed sequence tags (ESTs) databases. We identified new Eimeria genes coding for heat shock proteins, a ribosomal protein, a pyruvate kinase and a pyridoxine kinase. Specific features of other sequences are discussed.     

家蚕cDNA文库构建及大规模EST测序

EST(expressedsequencetag,表达序列标签 )测序分析技术广泛应用于基因功能和表达模式的分析研究。以家蚕品种“大造”为材料 ,采用非均一化的Oligo dT引物定向克隆技术构建了 13个组织的cDNA文库 ,进行了cDNA克隆 5′端测序 ,共获得 84 791万条EST序列 ,初步拼接得到 2 76 93个非重复序列 ,其中包括 10 4 33个Contigs,172 6 0个Singletons。家蚕大规模EST测序将为家蚕功能基因组研究和全基因组测序计划的实施奠定基础     

Investigation of SnSPR1, a novel and abundant surface protein of Sarcocystis neurona merozoites

An expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing project has produced over 15,000 partial cDNA sequences from the equine pathogen Sarcocystis neurona. While many of the sequences are clear homologues of previously characterized genes, a significant number of the S. neurona ESTs do not exhibit similarity to anything in the extensive sequence databases that have been generated. In an effort to characterize parasite proteins that are novel to S. neurona, a seemingly unique gene was selected for further investigation based on its abundant representation in the collection of ESTs and the predicted presence of a signal peptide and glycolipid anchor addition on the encoded protein. The gene was expressed in E. coli, and monospecific polyclonal antiserum against the recombinant protein was produced by immunization of a rabbit. Characterization of the native protein in S. neurona merozoites and schizonts revealed that it is a low molecular weight surface protein that is expressed throughout intracellular development of the parasite. The protein was designated Surface Protein 1 (SPR1) to reflect its display on the outer surface of merozoites and to distinguish it from the ubiquitous SAG/SRS surface antigens of the heteroxenous Coccidia. Interestingly, infection assays in the presence of the polyclonal antiserum suggested that SnSPR1 plays some role in attachment and/or invasion of host cells by S. neurona merozoites. The work described herein represents a general template for selecting and characterizing the various unidentified gene sequences that are plentiful in the EST databases for S. neurona and other apicomplexans. Furthermore, this study illustrates the value of investigating these novel sequences since it can offer new candidates for diagnostic or vaccine development while also providing greater insight into the biology of these parasites.     

日本血吸虫7d童虫cDNA文库构建及免疫筛选

为了从7 d童虫cDNA文库筛选出童虫发育阶段特异性表达抗原基因。本研究首先构建了日本血吸虫7 d童虫cDNA文库,其次再采用日本吸血虫感染血清进行筛选。结果显示:建立的文库插入片段为0.5~3.0 kb,文库重组率为98%,初始文库滴度为2.4×10~6 pfu/mL,扩增后滴度为1.6×10~9 pfu/mL,利用感染日本血吸虫10 d和42 d的小鼠血清免疫筛选该文库,初筛和复筛后获得17条有效EST序列,其编码7个基因,分别为复制蛋白(2 ESTs)、肝再生增强因子(3 ESTs)、血小板活化因子(6 ESTs)、钙调理蛋白基因(3 EST)、丝束蛋白(1 ESTs)、核糖体RNA(1 EST)和还原型辅酶脱氢酶基因(1 EST)。该研究结果对今后探讨血吸虫的生长发育机制及筛选血吸虫早期诊断抗原具有重要意义。     

鸡下丘脑组织表达序列标签初步分析

为了鉴定所构建的鸡下丘脑组织 c DNA文库能否用于下丘脑表达谱的建立 ,从 c DNA文库中随机挑取 12个克隆 ,对其表达序列标签 (expressed sequence tags,ESTs)进行了测定和初步分析。经 BL ASTn和 FASTA3.1分析后发现 ,1个 ESTs在 Gen Bank中可以找到鸡的同源序列 ,4个在其他物种中也可以找到同源序列 ,1个在 ESTs database中有同源 ESTs序列 ,还有 6个为未知功能基因。 12个 ESTs序列均已录入 Gen Bank。     

Abundantly expressed genes in pig adipose tissue: an expressed sequence tag approach

Adipose tissue plays a critical role in metabolism, storage, and release of fatty acids in mammals. Construction of a full-length cDNA library is an effective way to understand the functional expression of genes in adipose tissue, and in addition, novel genes for further research can be found in the library. In this study, adipose tissue RNA was extracted from three 18-mo-old Lee-Sung pigs. The mRNA was isolated, reverse transcribed, and used to construct a cDNA library. After transformation, 2,880 clones were selected and sequenced. Cluster analysis was performed, and the assembled contig of each cluster was subjected to search against DNA sequences in the nucleotide databases (NCBINR/TIGRGI). These sequences were clustered into 1,527 unique sequences; 80% of the sequences were categorized as known genes, and 20% of the sequences were categorized as unknown genes. In this adipose tissue cDNA library, approximately 16% of the genes contained full-length sequences with start and stop codons. Gene ontology analysis was performed to indicate the possible functions of these genes. Genes associated with mitochondrial function were abundant and represented 10% of the total. Several fatty acid transport genes and stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase were among the most abundant genes expressed. Tissue distribution of several abundant genes was analyzed by northern analysis, and many of these genes were transcribed in porcine adipose tissue in high copy number. Our full-length sequence data and tissue distribution data can be used to decipher the functional roles exhibited by the adipocyte under various perturbations via endocrine, environmental, genetic, nutritional, pharmacological, or physiological manipulations.     

A mixed-model approach for the analysis of cDNA microarray gene expression data from extreme-performing pigs after infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

We proposed a novel statistical approach for the analysis of cDNA experiments based on mixed-model methodology combined with mixtures of distributions. Our objective was to detect genes that may be involved in conferring heritable differences in susceptibility to common infections in intensive pig production. We employed a microarray expression profiling strategy and a mixed-model approach to the analysis of the expression data. A cDNA microarray of pig with 6,420 probes from immune tissues and cells was used to compare gene expression in peripheral blood leukocytes of two pigs showing extreme performance in their response to infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Principal components analyses were used to identify the two most extreme-performing pigs after infection (i.e., pigs whose measured responses to infection fell at the extremes). Blood samples and expression profiles from 0 to 24 h after infection were compared using a bivariate, mixed-model approach, in which the effect gene x immunological status interaction was treated as a random effect. Bayesian model-based clustering via mixtures of normal distributions of the resulting BLUP of the random interaction was approached and resulted in a list of 307 differentially expressed genes, of which 179 were down-regulated in the susceptible pig. The majority of the differentially expressed genes were derived from a cDNA library of leukocytes of A. pleuropneumoniae-challenged pigs that were subtracted against leukocytes before the challenge. These results provide evidence that the proposed statistical approach was useful in enhancing the knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the genetics of the immune response.     

亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺差异表达基因文库的构建及分析

从单雌蜱克隆群中挑选未吸血雌蜱60只，随机分成两组。未吸血组直接剖取唾液腺．半饱血组于蜱吸血第5d采集，分离唾液腺。Trizol法提取总RNA，经第一链合成、LD—PCR、RasⅠ酶切、接头连接和抑制消减杂交（SSH）等步骤，获得差异表达基因的cDNA片段。将纯化的cDNA片段与pGEMT—Easv我体连接，转化DH5a，获得204个白色菌落。扩增检查表明，136个克隆含有插入片段，片段大小为250bp-850bm，测出有效序列120个。由10个cDNA片段的RT—PCR检查结果初步断定，本研究消减效果良好。由网上资源分析得：21个片段与其他蜱的基因，19个片段与按蚊、库蚊、钩虫、奥斯特线虫等其他吸血寄生虫的基因，9个与果蝇的基因具有同源性。     

柞蚕蛹全长cDNA文库的构建和随机EST测序

采用RNA转录5′末端转换(SMART)技术构建了柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)蛹的全长cDNA文库。所构建cDNA文库的容量为5×105个独立克隆,插入片段长800~2500 bp,且90%的插入片段大于1 kb。随机挑取288个克隆进行表达序列标签(EST)测序,有效序列为250条,根据EST测序结果计算文库重组率达95%。经序列拼接得到175个unigenes,通过序列比对发现其中97个unigenes与GenBank中的已知基因高度同源,且有88条全长序列,基因的完整性比率达90%。在随机EST测序中获得了具有5′端和3′端非编码区的延伸因子-1α基因(Gen-Bank登录号:FJ788508),该基因cDNA全长1743 bp,有一个1392 bp的开放阅读框,编码含463个氨基酸残基的蛋白,蛋白的理论分子质量为50.4 kD,等电点8.96。EST测序分析表明,柞蚕蛹cDNA文库符合构建基因文库的质量要求,该文库的构建将有助于柞蚕功能基因的克隆和研究。     

应用mRNA差异显示技术筛选绵羊皮肤毛囊差异表达序列标签

为寻找与绵羊羊毛生长相关的基因,应用mRNA差异显示技术(DD-PCR)筛选拔毛皮肤与正常皮肤表达水平有差异的cDNA,用Northern blot证实差异显示基因片段,对差异基因进行测序和同源比较。经差异显示分析,共找到差异表达的序列片段21个;经2次扩增、克隆、Northern Blot分析,最终确定2个差异条带SQ70和SQ75。对这两个差异条带进行测序及生物信息学分析,发现SQ70是绵羊皮肤中与组织修复相关的EST片段,而SQ75是绵羊皮肤或者是毛囊中高表达的未知EST片段。以上结果表明,SQ70和SQ75可能是与绵羊羊毛生长密切相关的基因表达产物,对于这两个ESTs具体的生物学功能有待于进一步研究。     

家蚕第2白卵近等基因系差异表达基因的筛选

为了解与家蚕第2白卵(w-2)性状形成相关的差异表达基因信息,以家蚕正常型黑卵及其第2白卵近等基因系的转色期蚕卵为材料,构建抑制消减杂交(SSH)文库,筛选差异表达基因。对SSH文库中部分克隆的测序分析表明,该文库对差异表达基因的富集性较好。随机挑选SSH文库中的300个克隆制作家蚕cDNA芯片,对家蚕正常型黑卵及第2白卵近等基因系转色期蚕卵进行检测,获得11个差异表达基因。对这11个差异表达基因进行实时荧光定量RT-PCR验证分析,其结果与芯片数据分析结果趋势一致,在正常型黑卵与第2白卵近等基因系之间,这些基因的表达差异为0.1倍至数千倍。     

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Medium-sized Ovarian Follicles between Meishan and Duroc Sows

To reveal the molecular mechanism involved in different number of ovulation between hyperprolific and ordinary sows, forward and reverse subtracted cDNA libraries were constructed to screen differentially expressed genes in medium ovarian follicles at 4th day during follicular phase of estrous cycle between Meishan and Duroc sows. The differentially expressed genes selected were demonstrated by Real-time PCR and cluster analysis was performed through DAVID. The results showed that a total of 148 and 75 non-redundant ESTs were isolated from the SSH library of Meishan and Duroc sows M2 follicles, including 125 and 60 known genes, respectively. The results of Real-time PCR were consistent with the screening results. GO analysis indicated that these genes were involved in regulation of metabolic process, cell cycle, biosynthetic process, intracellular transport, steroid hormone receptor and stimulus. KEGG pathway analysis defined 6 genes involved in TGF-beta signaling pathway, 5 genes in oocyte meiosis pathway, 7 genes in steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway. Genes controlling TGF-beta signaling pathway were considered to play an important role in regulating follicle development. The research would be helpful for further studying the follicular development and the genetic mechanism on reproductive traits.     

梅山猪与杜洛克猪中等卵泡差异表达基因的鉴定

本试验采用抑制性消减杂交技术构建了卵泡期第4天梅山猪和杜洛克猪中等卵泡M2组织差异表达的消减cDNA文库,从中筛选差异表达的基因,并通过实时荧光定量PCR对其进行验证,利用DAVID软件对差异表达的基因进行聚类分析。结果表明,从梅山猪和杜洛克猪M2卵泡消减文库中筛选得到了148和75个差异表达的ESTs,分别含有125和60个已知的基因。实时荧光定量PCR验证结果与筛选结果相符。GO功能分类注释到调控代谢、细胞循环、生物合成、胞内转运、类固醇雌激素受体和刺激等生物学过程。KEGG Pathway分析表明有6个基因参与TGF-beta信号通路,5个基因参与卵母细胞减数分裂信号通路,7个基因参与类固醇雌激素受体信号通路,推测TGF-beta信号通路中的基因可能调控猪卵泡的发育。研究结果为深入探讨卵泡发育机理和对繁殖性状影响的遗传机理奠定了基础。