Application of bovine microsatellite markers for genetic diversity analysis of European bison (Bison bonasus)

In this study, the cross‐amplification of a commercial multiplex set of 11 cattle (Bos taurus) microsatellites was tested on a panel of 35 European bison (Bison bonasus) individuals. After polymerase chain reaction optimization, all loci cross‐amplified successfully in investigated bisons. Number of alleles and observed and expected heterozygosity per locus are in the range of 2–4, 0.086–0.629 and 0.288–0.621 respectively. The availability of a heterologous set of multiplexed microsatellite markers derived from cattle opens an avenue for collecting profound genetic data for efficient conservation management strategies of the European bison.     

南方大口鲶微卫星标记在怀头鲶群体中适用性研究

本研究分析了31对南方大口鲶（Silurus meriaionalis）微卫星标记引物在怀头鲶（Silurus soldatovi）群体中的适用性。结果表明,南方大口鲶微卫星标记引物在怀头群体中具有较高的适用性,共筛选出可以稳定扩增的微卫星标记15对,每个位点等位基因数为1～5个不等;不同重复拷贝类别的位点以富含AC重复单元的等位基因数较多,多态性比较丰富。借用已有的遗传标记资源,增加同目鱼类遗传连锁图谱上遗传标记的密度,将对今后开展怀头鲶种质资源保护及分子育种奠定坚实基础。     

Population genetic analysis of the Brahman cattle (Bos indicus) in Colombia with microsatellite markers

Summary The Brahman is one of the most popular breeds for meat production in the Neotropics. However, genetic studies of the breed in Latin American countries have only recently begun. In total, 178 animals of the Brahman breed from 20 Colombian provinces were genotyped at 11 microsatellite markers with the aim of studying the genetic diversity of this population and its genetic relationships with zebuine and taurine breeds. The outcomes of multivariate analyses, Bayesian inferences and inter‐individual genetic distances suggested that there is no genetic sub‐structure in the population, because of the high rate of animal migration among provinces. The population shows a high degree of heterozygosity and allelic diversity compared with other breeds, reflecting its multibreed origin. The study of the genetic relationships among the breeds reveals that the Brahman breed belongs to the zebuine group. However, it is the population nearest to taurine breeds with high frequencies of taurine alleles. Intensive artificial selection may have favoured the taurine alleles after the breed was formed. There has also been some degree of mixture with local taurine breeds while the Brahman breed has evolved in Colombia.     

东方白鹳微卫星遗传标记的筛选及其在种群遗传分析中的应用

东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)是分布于东亚的大型濒危涉禽,亟待深入开展其种群的保护遗传学研究.本研究采用微卫星标记技术筛选东方白鹤的微卫星位点,并进行种群的遗传多样性分析.所用的36对微卫星引物7对来自白鹳(Ciconia ciconia),12对来自朱鹮(Nipponia nippon),17对来自大蓝...     

Genetic characterization of Barbari goats using microsatellite markers

Genetic variation in Barbari goats, a highly prolific breed distributed widely in the northern part of India, known for better milk and meat quality, was studied as a part of genetic characterization and conservation. The genomic DNA from 50 unrelated Barbari goats were amplified via PCR with a panel of 21 microsatellite markers, and resolved through 6 per cent denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by silver staining. The number of alleles ranged from 4 to 11, with allele sizes ranging from 88 to 220 bp. The distribution of allele frequencies was between 0.0104 and 0.5208. Polymorphism information content varied from 0.5563 to 0.8348. The population was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for all except two microsatellite loci (ILSTS044 and ILSTS060). The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.8478 to 1.0000 while the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.6208 to 0.8509. Based on the results of the present study, there is a good scope for exploiting the genetic variability in the Barbari goats for further improvement of performance.     

Genetic diversity of Chinese indigenous goat breeds based on microsatellite markers

Eighteen microsatellites were used to investigate the genetic diversity and differentiation of eight Chinese indigenous goat breeds. The results indicated that there is a significant difference of genetic diversity between different loci. Chinese indigenous goat breeds have similar genetic diversity to other Asian goats, but with lower Fst. The clustering of individuals and populations showed that Chinese indigenous goat breeds might have originated from two ancestral populations. The genetic differentiation between populations is consistent with the results of archaeology, mtDNA and RAPD.     

兴国灰鹅微卫星标记的遗传多样性分析

为了解兴国灰鹅的遗传多样性,揭示其群体遗传结构,利用10个微卫星标记对兴国灰鹅进行哈代-温伯格平衡(HW)检验,统计群体基因频率、观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、等位基因(Na)和有效等位基因(Ne)等。结果显示:10个微卫星标记位点共检测到30个Na,其中Ne为20.549个;Ho、He及PIC值最高的标记为CKW21,分别为0.700、0.734 5、0.679 5;群体平均Ho为0.384、He为0.477 5,平均PIC为0.411 1,表明兴国灰鹅遗传多样性丰富;经HW检验,兴国灰鹅在10个标记位点中存在3个不平衡点,表明群体的遗传结构处于一个逐渐不平衡的状态。     

利用微卫星标记进行猪亲子鉴定

以杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪3个品种的48头系谱清楚的猪为样本,使用PAGE法从55个微卫星位点中筛选出扩增效果好、多态性丰富且便于进行多重PCR扩增的位点,对试验样本逐一进行基因分型,并据此进行亲权确认,建立一种高效的亲子鉴定方法。结果显示,试验选取的14个微卫星位点在48个样本中进行排父率分析,在双亲未知、只知单亲和双亲已知的情况下计算的累积排父率分别为0.978 5,0.998 4,0.999 99;利用建立的亲子鉴定体系对样本中8个家系进行检测,结果累积排父率均大于99.99%。结果表明,试验构建的微卫星标记体系,为亲本信息不明的个体进行亲子关系的验证,纠正潜在的错误系谱,建立完整、准确的系谱体系,保证育种值估计的准确性,保障猪育种工作的正常开展具有非常重要的意义。     

Sheep genetic diversity in Bhutan using microsatellite markers

Genotype data from eight microsatellite markers were used to assess genetic diversity and relationships among five indigenous Bhutanese sheep populations, Sakten, Jakar, Sarpang, Sipsu and Tsirang. Estimates of mean observed and expected heterozygosities, mean number of alleles per locus/population were obtained. The highest observed heterozygosities were found in Jakar (0.657) and Sakten (0.647), while the lowest one was found in Tsirang (0.539). Genetic distances, pairwise proportion of different alleles, UPGMA tree, and principal component analysis indicate close relationship among Tsirang, Sipsu and Sarpang populations, while Jakar and Sakten populations are located in one cluster. These two clusters are separated geographically, and show distinct phenotypic as well as molecular characters. We therefore recommend that the Bhutanese native sheep populations be classified into at least two distinct breeds, Jakar‐Sakten sheep and Sipsu sheep. Since Jakar and Sakten sheep have different morphological phenotypes, further analyses will be required to understand the genetic differences between these two sheep populations.     

微卫星DNA标记在三个山羊品种中的遗传多态性研究

利用四个微卫星标记对波尔山羊、太行山羊和河北奶山羊的等位基因频率、群体多态信息含量、有效等位基因数和杂合度进行了遗传检测。结果表明：四个微卫星位点在波尔山羊、太行山羊和河北奶山羊三个品种中存在多态性。可以用于山羊遗传多样性的评估；位点OarFCB11变异最大，位点MCM38变异最小，从不同品种来看，太行山羊的遗传变异程度最大，而波尔山羊的遗传变异程度相对较小。     

犬微卫星DNA遗传标记及其在犬繁育中的应用

遗传标记是指可追踪染色体、染色体某一节段、某个基因座在家系中传递的任何一种遗传特性。它具有两个基本特征,一是可遗传性,二是可识别性。因此,生物的任何有差异的突变型均可作为遗传标记。遗传标记主要包括形态标记、细胞学标记、生化标记和DNA分子标记四类,本文对犬微卫星     

四川三个藏猪群体的微卫星遗传多样性分析

本研究利用已开发的18对微卫星引物,分析了四川境内阿坝、稻城和德格三个藏猪群体共143个个体18条常染色体上的微卫星遗传多样性。结果表明:阿坝藏猪群体多态信息含量和观测杂合度比其他两群低,群体遗传变异较小;三个群体Nei氏标准遗传距离均在0.6以上,平均基因流值大于1,表明三个群体各有特点,群内基因交流频繁。     

吉戎兔微卫星DNA

选用Sat2、Sat3、Sat4、Sat5、Sat7、Sat8、Sat12、Sat13、Sat16、Sol08、Sol28、Sol30、Sol03等13个微卫星位点PCR扩增60只吉戎兔的基因组DNA,然后在8%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上电泳分型。结果显示,平均等位基因数为3.46个,平均杂合度（H）为0.578,平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.531。结果表明,吉戎兔经多年选育,其品种的遗传结构稳定,品质均一,且群体保持了较高的遗传多样性。