共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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1978~1982年,对广两地区苏云金杆菌的资源,包括分布、种类、毒力等进行了系统调查。从不同经纬度的11个县44个点,采集土壤、虫尸样品4454份,分离出172个菌株。经过生理、生化和血清学的分析试验,作出分类鉴定;并找出广西苏云金杆菌的优势种为蜡螟变种,占94%,其毒力也是最强的。 相似文献
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苏云金杆菌杀虫剂新进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
苏云金杆菌杀虫剂新进展苏云金杆菌简称B.T.,是一类产晶体芽孢杆菌,属好气性蜡状芽孢杆菌群,在芽孢囊内产生晶体,有12个血清型,17个变种。可用于防治直翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目、膜翅目,特别是鳞翅目的多种害虫。苏云金杆菌可产生两大类毒素:内毒素(即伴孢晶... 相似文献
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荻(Miscanthus sacchariflorus)和芦苇(Phragmites communis)是造纸工业的重要原料,湖南洞庭湖区有苇面积近百万亩。长期以来,芦毒蛾(Lealia coenosa candida)对荻芦生产威胁很大,每年因此而导致产量的很大损失。化学防治在一些地方已经带来了 相似文献
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苏云金杆菌高效培养基优选模型的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本研究设计一套“正交试验-浓度加倍-生物测定”新的培养基配方优选模型,获得了理相怕高效培养基配方。采用79007号菌株和5号配方,用7吨发酵罐进行了试验,平均发酵效价达2887×10^3IU/ml。实验结果表明,该方法是苏云金杆菌发酵培养基配方优选中十分单,实用,快速瓣新作。 相似文献
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以低剂量苏云杆菌(Bacillusthuringensisvar.kurstaki)饲喂棉铃虫(Heliothisarmigera)三龄幼虫,定期测定幼虫的部分生理指标,结果发现:幼虫肠液,体液pH值,血细胞数量,血液蛋白含量,虫体脂肪含量均发生明显变化。 相似文献
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Takashi Yamamoto 《Journal of Pesticide Science》2022,47(2):47
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been used as sprayable pesticides for many decades. Bt strains utilized in these products produce multiple insecticidal proteins to complement a narrow insect specificity of each protein. In the late 1990s, genes encoding Bt insecticidal proteins were expressed in crop plants such as cotton and corn to protect these crops from insect damage. The first Bt protein used in transgenic cotton was Cry1Ac to control Heliothis virescens (tobacco budworm). Cry1Ab was applied to corn to control Ostrinia nubilalis (European corn borer). Since these insects have developed resistance to Cry1Ac and Cry1Ab, new Bt proteins are required to overcome the resistance. In order to protect corn furthermore, it is desired to control Diabrotica virgifera (Western corn rootworm), Helicoverpa zea (corn earworm) and Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm). Recently, many new Bt insecticidal proteins have been discovered, but most of them require protein engineering to meet the high activity standard for commercialization. The engineering process for higher activity necessary for Bt crops is called optimization. The seed industry has been optimizing Bt insecticidal proteins to improve their insecticidal activity. In this review, several optimization projects, which have led to substantial activity increases of Bt insecticidal proteins, are described. 相似文献
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苏云金杆菌超低容量油剂的研制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Bt的有效成分是蛋白晶体和休眠芽孢,对许多化学物质敏感,原药在非极性溶剂中容易沾连,试验采用特殊助悬剂解决了原药在溶剂中容易沾连的难题,使再悬浮能力大大提高。得到配方2挥发性19.6%,开口闪点71.0℃,毒力稳定性97%(加速贮藏),粘度3.5,各方面均能达到应用要求,而二元配方3在性能上也较好,挥发性17.0%,闪点70.5℃,粘度2.5。原料成本降低,但毒力稳定性有所下降(69%),采用配方2进行田间小区试验施用效果良好,防治效果与乳剂相当。 相似文献
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苏云金芽胞杆菌分离过程中无晶体芽胞杆菌的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究选择了在苏云金芽胞杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)分离过程中发现的与Bt芽胞相似、没有伴胞晶体的8株芽胞杆菌,对其种属、质粒等生物学特性和杀虫活性进行了初步研究.对分离菌株所产芽胞进行形态观察及质粒图谱分析,发现其与Bt相似;但肽指纹图谱分析和16S rDNA聚类研究表明所分离菌株与蜡样芽胞杆菌B.cereus(Bc)匹配最高;杀虫活性测定表明这8株菌对猿叶甲Colaphellus bowringi幼虫均无毒杀作用,而15-3、W23-1和W25-3 3个菌株及其培养上清液对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella幼虫有一定的杀虫活性,说明它们能产生活性物质.这些结果说明在Bt菌株的分离过程中要对无晶体菌株加以重视,其含有的活性物质具有潜在的研究和利用价值. 相似文献
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具杀线虫活性的苏云金杆菌筛选研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Bioassay of 51 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis to Bursaphelenchus xylophilus had been studied in laboratory. Two of them had higher toxicity to B. xylophilus. Extraction of endotoxin and exotoxin of the two isolates to B. xylophilus showed the action of exotoxin higher than that of endotoxin. 相似文献
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Survival of the spores of Bacillus thuringiensis in granular formulations has been tested under storage conditions in the laboratory and also outdoor conditions exposed to weather. The granular formulations were prepared with attapulgite and aqueous and non-aqueous carriers. The virulence of the spore formulation was tested on Bombyx mori larvae. A 0.4% spore concentration, with an initial count of 64 × 106, gave ultimately 0.3 to 0.4 × 106 viable spores/g of the granule after 248 days of storage in the room. The viable count of spores in the granules exposed to outdoor weather conditions fell rapidly within two days; at the end of 65 days, it was maintained at between 3 × 104 and 12 × 104/g of the granules. Optimum concentrations required in granules for 100% mortality of the test insect was found to be 0.4 × 106 spores/g, at the rate of 50 mg of granules per 85 cm2 of leaf surface. The granular formulation of B. thuringiensis was found to be more virulent than “Thuricide” formulation on B. mori larva. 相似文献
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苏云金芽孢杆菌对松材线虫的杀线活性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在室内条件下,测定了17株苏云金芽孢杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis伴孢晶体蛋白对松材线虫Bursaphelenchus xylophilus的杀线活性。通过初筛,发现菌株020、RBT-200701的伴孢晶体蛋白对松材线虫有明显毒杀作用。在测试的浓度范围内(菌株020为6.37-203.9μg/ml;RBT-200701为13.7-438.8μg/ml),菌株对松材线虫的校正死亡率随其浓度增大而提高;随时间延长杀虫效果提高。020菌株晶体蛋白24h、48h时对松材线虫的LC50、LC95分别为183.20、408.20μg/ml和80.132、25.29μg/ml;RBT-200701菌株伴孢晶体蛋白24、48h时对松材线虫的LC50、LC95分别为368.00、868.00μg/ml和82.73、382.73μg/ml。SDS-PAGE分析发现这2个菌株晶体蛋白的蛋白图谱不同。 相似文献
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苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简称Bt)是目前应用最为广泛的一类微生物农药。本文分析比较了我国及美国Bt产品登记和安全评价等情况,并对Bt制剂的风险评价进行了分析。Bt菌株不是人或其他哺乳动物的已知病原体,对哺乳动物无毒性、感染性和致病性;其种群数量在环境中呈逐渐减少趋势,无残留风险;对非靶标昆虫的生存和繁殖及土壤微生物群落结构无显著影响。 相似文献