Influence of cold storage on soil microbial community level physiological profiles and implications for soil quality monitoring

Following collection of soil, storage prior to analyses is often required where the microbial community is unlikely to remain stable. We assessed the change in microbial community level physiological profiles (CLPP) during cold storage at 4 °C between 3 and 101 days. We hypothesized that the microbial community in soils containing less carbon would be affected more rapidly by storage. In particular we wanted to ascertain whether variability in CLPP through time masked inherent differences between soils derived from different ecosystems. Results illustrated that whilst total CO₂ evolution did vary with incubation time, significant differences in microbial community structure were detected between ecosystems for all times. Thus storage time did not mask intrinsic differences in microbial community structure between ecosystems.     

Effects of nanofertilizer and nano-plant hormone on soil chemical properties and microbial community in two different soil types

Application of nanotechnology in agriculture has been expanded to improve crop production. The impact of nanomaterials (NMs) on factors that influence the survival and function of beneficial microorganisms is a less studied aspect that needs to be better understood. Only a few studies have assessed the effects of NMs on beneficial soil microorganisms. This study was conducted to assess the effects of nanofertilizer FertiGroe^?N (FG-N) and nano-plant hormone HormoGroe^?auxin (...     

Balanced fertilization improved soil ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community in latosolic red soil

Abstract

We investigated the impact of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) (NPK) and NPK plus glucose-balanced fertilization compared with N-only fertilization on the soil pH, NH₄ ⁺, NO₃ ^?, ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community, bacterial community and function during microcosm incubation. The NPK and NPK plus glucose treatments resulted in significantly reducing soil acidification and NO₃ ^? accumulation compared with the N-only fertilization. The terminal restriction fragment size measuring 283 (Nitrosospira) and 54 bp (unidentified) were predominant in the soil ammonia-oxidizing bacterial composition for all treatments. The N-only fertilization did not change the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community, the bacterial community composition based on terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and the bacterial functional diversity based on Biolog EcoPlate^TM incubation. The NPK and NPK plus glucose treatments resulted in a shift in the soil ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community and bacterial community composition, and significantly increased the bacterial functional diversity (average well colour development, Richness and Shannon index). Nitrosomonas species were detected in the soil upon NPK and NPK plus glucose treatment on incubation day 9 but not on days 1 and 31. The effect of NPK treatment on the bacterial community composition was transient; a new 116 bp fragment was present on incubation day 9, but the data returned to their original values by day 31. In contrast, treatment with NPK plus glucose resulted in the appearance of a new 116 bp fragment that remained until incubation day 31. These results demonstrated that the balanced fertilization of N, P, K and glucose, plays an important role in regulating ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community quickly, and promoting nitrification functions. The results also showed the importance of balanced fertilization in reducing acidification, improving bacterial community structure and function in latosolic red soil. Therefore, optimizing the ammonia oxidation process by balanced fertilization may be helpful to reduce the loss of soil nitrogen.     

复垦土壤细菌群落结构及其与土壤肥力的关系

为了解两淮煤矿区复垦状况及其对土壤微生物的影响机制,合理人工干预,快速有效提高复垦土壤生产力,本研究以煤矸石充填复垦土壤为研究对象,通过野外调查与采样分析,采用Illumina MiSeq 高通量测序分析土壤细菌特定基因片段V4 区域,基于非度量多维尺度分析、冗余分析、方差分析、肥力指数、回归模型方法,对矸石充填土壤不同复垦方向的土壤细菌优势群落和生物多样性进行了探索,明晰土壤细菌群落及其与土壤肥力的响应作用。研究结果表明：细菌群落组成上,不同复垦方向对细菌优势群落分布并无显著性影响,变形菌门、酸杆菌门和放线菌门菌群为主要优势菌群。土壤微生物多样性层面上,表层土壤微生物有较高的丰富度和多样性,均匀度并无显著性差异。微生物多样性在不同复垦方向不存在显著性差异,Shannon_Wiener指数介于5.23～6.91之间,Chao1指数为867.1～5436,Pielou指数介于0.79～0.84之间,表中层同深层土壤的细菌群落结构具有差异性。TN、SOM、AP和AK是影响土壤细菌群落的主要肥力因子,土壤肥力质量指数与奇古菌门相对丰度呈显著正相关（P＜0.01）,同链霉菌属呈显著负相关（P＜0.05）,在一定程度上可将二者的相对丰度作为评价复垦土壤肥力状况的重要生物指标。研究成果可为两淮矿区矸石充填复垦土壤在微生物层面提高肥力质量提供理论支持。     

连续施用无害化污泥对沙质潮土土壤肥力和微生物学性质的影响

以小麦-玉米轮作体系下的沙质潮土为研究对象,选用经无害化处理后的城市污泥产物,通过2013~2015年田间定位试验,研究了不同城市污泥施用量对土壤肥力的影响,以期为城市污泥资源化利用提供理论基础和技术依据。设置单施化肥(CK)、CK+污泥15 t·hm~(-2)(CS1)、CK+污泥30 t·hm~(-2)(CS2)和CK+污泥45 t·hm~(-2)(CS3)共4个处理。主要研究结果如下:(1)连续定位试验结果表明,同一施用量污泥处理的土壤p H值随施用时间的增加呈下降趋势;土壤有机质(SOM)和养分含量如全氮(TN)、有效磷(AP)和速效钾(AK)随施用时间的增长呈上升趋势;(2)与CK比较,在2015年玉米季施用污泥各处理的土壤p H值显著降低了0.34~0.83个单位(P0.05),且与污泥施用量呈反比,以高施量污泥45 t·hm~(-2)下降最多;土壤SOM、TN、AP和AK分别显著提高了52.1%~166.9%、77.3%~177.8%、215.7%~486.3%和167.2%~379.0%(P0.05),且与污泥施用量呈正比,以高施量污泥45 t·hm~(-2)效果最显著;(3)试验所用污泥施用量范围内不会造成土壤和植物籽粒重金属污染,能够保持土壤环境健康;(4)与CK比较,施用污泥各处理土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)含量均显著提高(P0.05),且与污泥施用量呈正比,并且季节不同也显著影响土壤MBC、MBN含量(P0.05);施用污泥能够显著提高土壤MBC/MBN(P0.05),说明施用污泥能够改变土壤微生物群落组成;(5)施用污泥,尤其是高施量污泥45 t·hm~(-2),在保证土壤和植物籽粒质量安全下,其土壤培肥效果最优。     

长期施肥对黑土农田土壤微生物群落的影响

基于中国科学院海伦农业生态试验站长期定位试验区,应用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)和变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术研究了无施肥(NF)、单施N、P化肥(NP)以及化肥配施有机猪粪肥(NPM)等3种长期施肥措施对黑土区玉米田土壤微生物群落密度和结构的影响.Real-time PCR方法定量NF、NP及NPM措施土壤细菌群落基因组DNA质量分别为381、1 351和1 773 ng g-1干土,真菌群落基因组DNA质量分别113.3、127.3和20.6 ng g-1干土,真菌与细菌的比率分别为0.31、0.09和0.01,NPM措施显著低于另两种施肥方式(p＜0.05).DGGE方法研究表明,NP和NPM措施不能改善土壤细菌和真菌群落的多样性、均匀性及优势菌优势程度;但主成分分析结果显示NP和NPM措施均可改变土壤细菌和真菌群落的构成,且真菌群落的变化更为显著;聚类分析结果显示NP和NPM措施下细菌群落结构较相近,其相似系数为0.89,真菌群落中NP措施与NF措施相近,相似系数为0.63,高于NP与NPM措施的相似系数0.51.上述结果表明有机猪粪肥的长期施用可以显著降低黑土农田土壤真菌与细菌的比率,且明显地改变土壤细菌和真菌群落的结构.     

模拟增温和降水调控对土壤微生物碳氮、群落基质利用模式及群落组成的短期影响

Soil microorganisms are major drivers of soil carbon(C) cycling;however,the response of these microorganisms to climate change remains unclear.In the present study,we investigated how 18 months of multifactor climate treatments(warmed air temperature by 3℃ and decreased or increased precipitation manipulation by 30%) affected soil microbial biomass C and nitrogen(N),community substrate utilization patterns,and community composition.Decreased and increased precipitation significantly reduced microbial biomass C by 13.5% and 24.9% and microbial biomass N by 22.9% and 17.6% in unwarmed plots,respectively(P0.01).Warming enhanced community substrate utilization by 89.8%,20.4%,and 141.4% in the natural,decreased,and increased precipitation plots,respectively.Particularly,warming significantly enhanced the utilization of amine and carboxylic acid substrates among all precipitation manipulation plots.Compared with the natural air temperature with natural precipitation treatment,other treatments affected fungal community richness by -0.9% to 33.6% and reduced the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial and fungal groups by 0.5% to 6.8% and 4.3% to 10.7%,respectively.The warming and/or precipitation manipulation treatments significantly altered Zygomycota abundance(P0.05).Our results indicate that climate change drivers and their interactions may cause changes in soil microbial biomass C and N,community substrate utilization patterns,and community composition,particularly for the fungal community,and shifts in the microorganism community may further shape the ecosystems function.     

Enhanced bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soil by wheat bran and microbial community response

ABSTRACT

Microcosms were set up containing a PAH polluted soil to investigate biostimulation (addition of wheat bran and fertilizer) and bioaugmentation (inoculation with Pseudomonas sp. SB). After 60 d the fertilizer + wheat bran gave the highest PAH degradation. The degradation rate was 42.2%, significantly higher than the 18.7% in the fertilizer only treatment. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicates that wheat bran treatment can significantly alter soil bacterial and fungal communities. In addition, wheat bran promoted the enrichment of some soil bacteria such as Bacillaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Streptomycetaceae, and Chitinophagaceae, and the fungi Talaromyces, Humicola, unclassified_Chaetomiaceae and Mortierella. These results highlight the potential of wheat bran application to reduce the PAHs detected in soil.     

Early-stage bacterial colonization between a sterilized remoulded soil clod and natural soil aggregates of the same soil

The early stages of bacterial colonization of a sterilized soil put in contact with the same non-sterile soil were investigated. Soil mesocosms of 269 cm³ composed of sterilized spherical remoulded soil clods of 27 mm diameter surrounded by non-sterilized 2-4 mm soil aggregates of the same soil (considered as a source of bacterial colonizers) were designed. Bacterial colonization was monitored from 0 to 14 days in three concentric portions of the sterilized clods (outer, intermediate and inner) and in the surrounding non-sterile soil, by measuring cell numbers and substrate-induced respiration (SIR). In addition, modifications of genetic diversity of the soil bacterial community associated to colonization were monitored with the ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) technique in the intermediate portion of the sterilized soil clod and in the surrounding non-sterile soil aggregates. Assessments of bacterial cell numbers and SIR rates showed that the sterilized soil clod was colonized rapidly during incubation time from its outer to its inner portion. In addition, the bacterial genetic structure of the clod varied during incubation time, suggesting succession of bacteria during recolonization. Comparison of cell numbers, SIR rates and bacterial genetic structure between the soil clod and the surrounding soil aggregates showed that the colonization process in the clod led to the establishment of a bacterial community different from the surrounding soil aggregates.     

An emerging energetic soil contaminant,CL-20, can affect the soil invertebrate community in a sandy loam soil

We investigated the effects of nitramine explosive CL-20 (China Lake compound 20) on the indigenous soil invertebrate community in Sassafras sandy loam (SSL) soil using a 12-week soil microcosm assay. Freshly collected SSL soil was amended with CL-20 to prepare multiple treatment concentrations ranging from 0 (acetone control) to 10,300 mg kg⁻¹. The selected concentration range of CL-20 adequately assessed the concentration–response relationships for total microarthropods, and for individual microarthropod groups. The overall composition of microarthropod community in SSL soil was not affected by exposure to CL-20, based on the number of taxonomic groups present in the individual treatments after 12 weeks. However, community structure analysis revealed greater sensitivity to CL-20 by predatory mesostigmatid mites. Microarthropod and nematode communities showed contrasting sensitivities to CL-20 in SSL soil. Total numbers of nematodes were either unaffected or significantly (p < 0.05) increased in CL-20 treatments compared with control. Only predator group among nematodes was consistently adversely affected by exposure to CL-20. The abundance of predatory nematodes decreased in a concentration-dependent manner throughout the 12-week exposure. Microcosm assay with corresponding community structure analysis can provide the means for validating the ecotoxicity data from standardized laboratory tests, both complimenting and expanding upon the ecotoxicological significance of data from standardized single-species toxicity tests.     

有机肥施用对农田中小型土壤动物群落的影响

2016年玉米生长季6～9月,以农田土壤为研究对象,设置了有机肥4个不同施用量处理,即0 kg·hm~(-2)(CK)、15 000 kg·hm~(-2)(OF1)、30 000 kg·hm~(-2)(OF2)、45 000 kg·hm~(-2)(OF3),并对其中小型土壤动物群落及其多样性的变化进行调查研究。研究结果表明,1)从试验样地共捕获中小型土壤动物2 821只,其中:OF处理显著提高了中小型土壤动物个体密度(P0.05),OF1、OF2和OF3处理分别较CK提高2.28%、31.93%和60.70%;有机肥施用有降低类群数的趋势,但无显著差异(P0.05);2)各处理对中小型土壤动物多样性指数无显著影响(P0.05);3)农田中小型土壤动物具有明显表聚性,各处理0～10 cm土层的个体密度和类群数显著高于10～20和20～30 cm土层的个体密度(P0.05)。有机肥施用对农田中小型土壤动物具有一定的影响,有机肥对土壤的影响是深远的,目前的结果着重表现在对个体密度的影响较大,对多样性的变化,需要长期观测。     

Improving soil structure by promoting fungal abundance with organic soil amendments

Building soil structure in agroecosystems is important because it governs soil functions such as air and water movement, soil C stabilization, nutrient availability, and root system development. This study examined, under laboratory conditions, effects of organic amendments comprised of differing proportions of labile and semi-labile C on microbial community structure and macroaggregate formation in three variously textured soils where native structure was destroyed. Three amendment treatments were imposed (in order of increasing C lability): vegetable compost, dairy manure, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth). Formation of water stable macroaggregates and changes in microbial community structure were evaluated over 82 days. Regardless of soil type, formation of large macroaggregates (LMA, >2000 μm diameter) was highest in soils amended with vetch, followed by manure, non-amended control, and compost. Vetch and manure had greater microbially available C and caused an increase in fungal biomarkers in all soils. Regression analysis indicated that LMA formation was most strongly related to the relative abundance of the fungal fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) 18:2ω6c (r = 0.55, p < 0.001), fungal ergosterol (r = 0.58, p < 0.001), and microbial biomass (r = 0.57, p < 0.001). Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination of FAME profiles revealed that vetch and manure drove shifts toward fungal-dominated soil microbial communities and greater LMA formation in these soils. This study demonstrated that, due to their greater amounts of microbially available C, vetch or manure inputs can be used to promote fungal proliferation in order to maintain or improve soil structure.     

Functional resilience of soil microbial communities depends on both soil structure and microbial community composition

The effects of soil structure and microbial community composition on microbial resistance and resilience to stress were found to be interrelated in a series of experiments. The initial ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens to decompose added plant residues immediately after a copper or heat stress (resistance) depended significantly on which of 26 sterile soils it was inoculated into. Subsequent studies showed that both the resistance and subsequent recovery in the ability of P. fluorescens to decompose added plant residues over 28 days after stress (resilience) varied significantly between a sandy and a clay-loam soil. Sterile, sandy and clay-loam soil was then inoculated with a complex microbial community extracted from either of the soils. The resulting microbial community structure depended on soil type rather than the source of inoculum, whilst the resistance and resilience of decomposition was similarly governed by the soil and not the inoculum source. Resilience of the clay-loam soil to heat stress did not depend on the water content of the soil at the time of stress, although the physical condition of the soil when decomposition was measured did affect the outcome. We propose that soil functional resilience is governed by the physico-chemical structure of the soil through its effect on microbial community composition and microbial physiology.     

Abundance and depth stratification of soil arthropods as influenced by tillage regimes in a sandy loam soil

Different tillage regimes can change soil micro‐environmental characteristics, which may influence the distribution and abundance of soil arthropods. In this study, soil arthropods and soil properties under a winter wheat–summer maize cropping system were investigated in different tillage regimes over four seasons at two depths. The tillage treatments included conventional tillage (CT ), tillage once a year (T1), tillage every two years (T2) and no‐tillage (NT ). The results showed that the primary taxa of soil arthropod were Acarina (65.8%), Collembola (28.5%), Diplura (1.4%) and Coleoptera (1%) over the whole sampling period. The total arthropod density was influenced by tillage treatments and season of sampling. Values for CT plots were significantly greater than those for the NT plots in autumn and spring. In contrast, the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H’) and the evenness index (J) were relatively higher in CT treatment. The Acarina/Collembola (A/C) ratio was significantly smaller in NT treatment for some sampling seasons as mites were more sensitive to tillage practices. The QBS ‐ar index did not show a clear pattern among treatments in this study. Soil arthropods notably showed seasonal variation in depth stratification. Relative to CT , the total soil arthropods in the NT plots tended to concentrate in the upper layer due to soil compaction in the lower layer. The climate conditions and soil physical properties were the main factors affecting the soil arthropod distribution and composition, as the soil chemical and microbial properties did not differ significantly among all tillage treatments.     

黑土长期定位试验原状土搬迁对土壤真菌群落多样性的影响

采用PCR-DGGE及其特异性条带克隆测序的方法,研究黑土长期定位试验原状土整体搬迁对土壤真菌群落结构多样性的影响。对同为小麦茬的搬迁前(2010年)和搬迁后(2013年)土壤真菌群落结构的研究表明:DGGE图谱中搬迁前后2个土层不同处理的样品间条带的数量和亮度存在部分变化;对DGGE图谱进行聚类分析可得,真菌群落结构在2个土层各处理中搬迁前后有部分变化,其中MNPK处理的变化较为显著;对DGGE图谱主成分分析结果可得,在0~20 cm土层中各处理虽然搬迁前和搬迁后产生分异,但搬迁前后的3年中处理间的分布规律相似,在20~40 cm土层中搬迁前和搬迁后MNPK和CK处理的分布规律发生了变化。搬迁前和搬迁后土壤真菌群落结构受到搬迁扰动的影响远小于耕作方式、植被类型、土壤肥力等的影响。     

再生水灌溉水平对土壤盐分累积与细菌群落组成的影响

为探明再生水不同灌水水平下土壤盐分、氮素、磷素与细菌群落组成动态变化效应,采用室内土柱灌水试验,研究再生水、自来水不同灌水水平对土壤盐分、氮素、磷素及细菌群落组成结构的影响。结果表明:1)再生水灌溉相比自来水显著提高了0~60 cm土层盐分含量、磷素及0~30 cm土层氮素含量也有所提高,降低了土壤细菌群落多样性和OTU数量;充分灌溉相比非充分灌溉提高了深层土壤盐分含量,降低了深层土壤细菌群落多样性和种类数。2)不同处理土壤细菌类群以放线菌门(24.5%~40.6%)和变形菌门(22.4%~30.3%)为主。非充分灌溉下,再生水灌溉相比自来水提高了土壤放线菌门、绿弯菌门、厚壁菌门及酸杆菌门比例,降低了变形菌门比例;充分灌溉下,再生水灌溉相比自来水大幅度提高了土壤放线菌门和硝化螺旋菌门比例,降低了土壤变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门及厚壁菌门比例。无论是在充分灌溉还是非充分灌溉下,再生水灌溉均对土壤放线菌门表现为促进作用,对变形菌门表现为抑制作用。再生水充分灌溉相比非充分灌溉对土壤放线菌门和变形菌门具有促进作用,对土壤绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门和厚壁菌门具有抑制作用;再生水灌水水平越高,越有利于土壤中优势菌群的生长。3)各处理土壤细菌代谢通路丰度占比最大的为膜转运、碳水化合物代谢及氨基酸代谢,再生水辅以较高灌水水平能够显著促进表层土壤微生物膜转运、碳水化合物代谢及氨基酸代谢过程。因此,再生水较高灌水水平可促进土壤物质能量循环,且对土壤细菌代谢繁殖过程也可起到积极的调节作用。研究可为再生水灌溉下的土壤生态环境效应研究提供依据。     

Changes in plant community structure and soil biota along soil nitrate gradients in two deciduous forests

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is a serious threat to biodiversity and the functioning of many ecosystems, particularly so in N-limited systems, such as many forests. Here we evaluate the associations between soil nitrate and changes in plant community structure and soil biota along nitrate gradients from croplands into closed forests. Specifically, we studied the composition of the understory plant and earthworm communities as well as soil microbial properties in two deciduous forests (Echinger Lohe (EL) and Wippenhauser Forst (WF)) near Munich, Germany, which directly border on fertilized agricultural fields. Environmental variables, like photosynthetically active radiation, distance to the edge and soil pH were also determined and used as co-variates. In both forests we found a decrease in understory plant coverage with increasing soil nitrate concentrations. Moreover, earthworm biomass increased with soil nitrate concentration, but this increase was more pronounced in EL than in WF. Soil microbial growth after addition of a nitrogen source increased significantly with soil nitrate concentrations in WF, indicating changes in the composition of the soil microbial community, although there was no significant effect in EL. In addition, we found changes in earthworm community composition along the soil nitrate gradient in WF. Taken together, the composition and functioning of forest soil communities and understory plant cover changed significantly along soil nitrate gradients leading away from fertilized agricultural fields. Inconsistent patterns between the two forests however suggest that predicting the consequences of N deposition may be complicated due to context-dependent responses of soil organisms.     

Exploring soil microbial communities and soil organic matter: Variability and interactions in arable soils under minimum tillage practice

This study describes an integrated approach (1) to monitor the quantity and quality of water extractable organic matter (WEOM) and size, structure and function of microbial communities in space (depth) and time, and (2) to explore the relationships among the measured properties. The study site was an arable field in Southern Germany under integrated farming management including reduced tillage. Samples of this Eutric Cambisol soil were taken in July 2001, October 2001, April 2002 and July 2002 and separated into three depths according to the soil profile (0–10 cm, 10–28 cm and 28–40 cm). For each sample, the quantity and quality (humification index, HIX) of water extractable organic matter (WEOM) were measured concomitantly with soil enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, β-glucosidase, protease) and microbial community size (C_mic). Furthermore, microbial community structure was characterised based on the fingerprints of nucleic acids (DNA) as well as phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA). We observed strong influences of sampling date and depth on the measured parameters, with depth accounting for more of the observed variability than date. Increasing depth resulted in decreases in all parameters, while seasonal effects differed among variants. Principal component (PC) analysis revealed that both DNA and PLFA fingerprints differentiated among microbial communities from different depths, and to a smaller extent, sampling dates. The majority of the 10 PLFAs contributing most to PC 1 were specific for anaerobes. Enzyme activities were strongly related to C_mic, which was depending on water extractable organic carbon and nitrogen (WEOC and WEON) but not to HIX. HIX and WEOM interact with the microbial community, illustrated by (1) the correlation with the number of PLFA peaks (community richness), and (2) the correlations with community PC analysis scores.     

土壤性质对真菌温度敏感性的影响

通过伽马灭菌的方式,将两种不同性质的土壤(自然土和农田土)进行灭菌,再互相接种未灭菌土壤,研究了改变土壤性质对真菌温度敏感性的影响。结果表明,改变土壤性质虽显著影响真菌总丰度,但对真菌总丰度的温度敏感性无显著性影响。然而,部分土壤真菌个体(分类操作单元OTU)对温度具有敏感性,改变土壤性质会对温度敏感真菌个体产生影响。首先,改变土壤性质使自然土壤真菌中的热响应真菌目的个数由2减少为1,使农田土壤真菌中的冷响应真菌目的个数由5增加到9;其次,升温使自然土壤的真菌在自然土壤中冷响应和热响应真菌累积相对丰度之和从2.22%减少为1.35%,在农田土壤中从1.25%减少为0.56%;升温使农田土壤的真菌在农田土壤中冷响应和热响应真菌累积相对丰度之和从13.66%增加到19.03%,在自然土壤中从6.01%减少为2.51%;再次,改变土壤性质使自然土壤的热响应真菌由Capnodiales、Chaetothyriales变为Eurotiales,农田土壤的热响应真菌由Capnodiales、Sordariales变为Chaetothyriales、Hypocreales;自然土壤的冷响应真菌由Chaetosphaeriales、Sordariales等变为Capnodiales、Hypocreales等,农田土壤的冷响应真菌由Chaetothyriales、Eurotiales等变为Capnodiales、Sordariales等;最后,各真菌在目水平上的相对丰度变化率也各不相同。本研究表明,改变土壤性质可显著影响真菌群落结构的温度敏感性,进而可能改变真菌功能的温度敏感性。